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1、20142014年高考英语二三轮备考策略年高考英语二三轮备考策略海口市一中海口市一中 陈波陈波2014年高考英语二三轮备考策略年高考英语二三轮备考策略 一、一、2014年年考纲考纲与与考试说明考试说明的解读的解读 二、二、2013年新课标（全国卷年新课标（全国卷2）题型分析）题型分析 与应对策略与应对策略 三、三、2014年二三轮备考措施年二三轮备考措施四、四、2014年二轮专题策略年二轮专题策略五、五、2014年三轮冲刺策略年三轮冲刺策略 一、一、2014年年考纲考纲与与考试说明考试说明的解读的解读一）一）2014年英语试卷结构的改变年英语试卷结构的改变二）语篇型语法填空题的优点二）语篇型语
2、法填空题的优点 三）三）2014年语篇型语法填空题的引进年语篇型语法填空题的引进四）考试中心的调研结果四）考试中心的调研结果 五）语法填空题对高中英语教学的启示五）语法填空题对高中英语教学的启示一、一、2014年年考纲考纲与与考试说明考试说明的解读的解读一）一）2014年新课标卷结构的改变年新课标卷结构的改变 1.听力部分听力部分 2.阅读理解部分（阅读理解部分（4选一、选一、7选五）选五） 3. 语言知识运用部分（完形、语言知识运用部分（完形、语篇型语法填空题语篇型语法填空题） 4. 写作部分（改错、书面表达）。写作部分（改错、书面表达）。一、一、2014年年考纲考纲与与考试说明考试说明的解
3、读的解读二）语篇型语法填空题的优点二）语篇型语法填空题的优点三）三）2014年新课标卷语篇型语法填空题的引进年新课标卷语篇型语法填空题的引进 语篇型语法填空题语篇型语法填空题-（1）短文体；（）短文体；（2）对话体）对话体 一、一、2014年年考纲考纲与与考试说明考试说明的解读的解读 四）教育部考试中心的调研结果四）教育部考试中心的调研结果 五）语篇型语法填空题对高中英语教学的启示五）语篇型语法填空题对高中英语教学的启示 1.改变中学英语教学中过分强调语法规则而忽视其语改变中学英语教学中过分强调语法规则而忽视其语 用功能，过分重视接受性技能的学习而忽视产出性用功能，过分重视接受性技能的学习而忽
4、视产出性 语言技能培养的现象。语言技能培养的现象。 2.加强学生语篇逻辑分析能力和精细阅读能力的培养。加强学生语篇逻辑分析能力和精细阅读能力的培养。 3.应该继续重视语言的准确性。应该继续重视语言的准确性。 4. 进行恰当的适应性训练，有助于增强考生应对此题进行恰当的适应性训练，有助于增强考生应对此题 型的能力。型的能力。二、二、2013课标（全国卷课标（全国卷2）题型分析）题型分析 与题型应对策略与题型应对策略 2013英语新课标（全国卷英语新课标（全国卷2）总体特点：）总体特点： 二、二、2013课标（全国卷课标（全国卷2）题型分析）题型分析 与题型应对策略与题型应对策略一）听力训练策略一
5、）听力训练策略听力词汇：听力词汇：（1）餐馆场景：）餐馆场景：order 点菜点菜 serve 上菜上菜 change 零钱零钱 Keep the change! 不用找零钱了！不用找零钱了！ tip 小费小费 treat 请客请客 （This is my treat! 我请客！）我请客！）go Dutch AA制制 steak 牛排牛排 cheese奶酪奶酪 sandwich 三明治三明治 bacon 腌肉腌肉 soup 汤汤 plain water 自来水（西餐中洗手用自来水（西餐中洗手用的）的）doughnut 多纳圈多纳圈 appetizer 开胃物开胃物 dessert甜品，水果（作
6、为正餐的最后一道）甜品，水果（作为正餐的最后一道） go out for dinner / dinner out 出去吃饭出去吃饭 snack bar 小吃街；小吃街；大排挡大排挡 hamburger 汉堡包汉堡包 coke 可口可乐可口可乐 French fries 炸薯条炸薯条 dining hall ; coffee shop ; restaurant ; cafeteria ; canteen; buffet 自助餐自助餐 听力词汇：听力词汇：（2）邮局场景：）邮局场景：stamp envelope package / parcel 包裹包裹 overweight 超重超重 extra
7、 postage 额外邮资额外邮资 send / post / deliver a letter / mail 寄寄 /发信发信 express mail 快件快件 airmail 航空信件航空信件 surface mail 陆地邮陆地邮寄寄open an account 开一个帐户开一个帐户 （3）图书馆场景：）图书馆场景： library card; borrow; lend; keep; renew; bookshelf; novel; science fiction科幻小说；科幻小说；magazine; periodical期刊；期刊； reference book; libraria
8、n 图书管理员图书管理员 pay a fine 交罚款交罚款 Can I help you? / What can I do for you? 二）阅读理解二）阅读理解1.2013年全国年全国2卷卷 考查的阅读技巧统计：考查的阅读技巧统计： （失分最多的（失分最多的38、39小题）小题）事实细节题事实细节题推断题推断题词义猜测词义猜测主旨大意主旨大意9 9小题小题3 3小题小题2 2小题小题1 1小题小题阅读阅读38小题失分最严重（语义推断题）小题失分最严重（语义推断题）So when Im in the operating room, I ask for ideas and help fro
9、m others. Sometimes theyre not willing to speak up. But I hope that if I continue to encourage them, someday someone will keep me from ”landing gear up”.38.In the last paragraph ”landing gear up” probably means _. A. following flying requirements. B. overreacting to different opinions. C. listening
10、to what fellow doctors say D. making a mistake that may cost lives阅读阅读39小题难度较大（主旨大意）小题难度较大（主旨大意） Doctor are known to be terrible pilots. They dont listen because they already know it all. I was lucky: became a pilot in 1970, almost ten years before I graduated from medical school. I didnt realize th
11、en, but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon. 39. Which of the following can be the best title? A. CRM:A New Way to Make Flying Safe B. Flying Makes Me a Better Doctor C. The Making of a Good Pilot D. A Pilot-Turned Doctor二）阅读理解二）阅读理解 2. 2014年阅读理解的命题趋势年阅读理解的命题趋势3. 2014年高考阅读的应对策略年高考阅读的应对策略 检查自己
12、在以上检查自己在以上6个方面中存在的缺陷，精选阅读材个方面中存在的缺陷，精选阅读材料，每天阅读三到四篇，限时料，每天阅读三到四篇，限时21-28分钟。分钟。二）阅读理解（第一节）二）阅读理解（第一节） 4. 高考阅读解题思路高考阅读解题思路 1）. 词义推断题词义推断题 2）. 指代题指代题 3）. 句子理解题：利用语法和逻辑句子理解题：利用语法和逻辑 4）.主旨题主旨题 5）. 标题归纳标题归纳 6）. 作者态度作者态度 7）. 推断题推断题 8）.文章出处题文章出处题 1. 1.词义推断题：词义推断题： 标志：标志： 在题干中明确指出原文中某处的单在题干中明确指出原文中某处的单词或词组，要
13、求辨别其意思词或词组，要求辨别其意思 出题形式出题形式: : 超纲词义含义推断超纲词义含义推断; ; 熟词生义。熟词生义。 Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in the same home? People who are thinking about adopting a dog as a friend for their cats are worried that they will fight. A recent research has found a new recipe of success. According to the st
14、udy, if the cat is adopted before the dog, and if they are introduced when still young (less than 6 months for cats, a year for dogs), it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly. Two-thirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog. Ho
15、wever, it wasnt all sweetness and light. There was a reported coldness between the cat and dog in 25% of the homes, while aggression and fighting were observed in 10% of the homes. 31. The underlined word swimmingly in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _. A. early B. sweetly C. quicklyD. smoothly
16、 应对方法：应对方法： 破解词汇本身意义。破解词汇本身意义。 掌握构词法的基本知识，根据词根掌握构词法的基本知识，根据词根, ,词缀判词缀判断整体词义断整体词义 利用上下文线索，利用上下文线索，找同义词找同义词, ,同义解释同义解释, ,反反义词义词, ,反义解释，找同位词，或是在特定场反义解释，找同位词，或是在特定场合的意思合的意思2.2.指代题：指代题：标志：标志： 要求辨别要求辨别it it ，thatthat， oneone等词指代内容。等词指代内容。应对方法：应对方法：首先返回原文定位该指代词，且首先返回原文定位该指代词，且9090 向上、向上、1010向下搜索其指代的词、词组或句子
17、向下搜索其指代的词、词组或句子然后在四个选项中找出与所找到的词、词组然后在四个选项中找出与所找到的词、词组或句子意思最接近的一个作为答案或句子意思最接近的一个作为答案 You are given many opportunities in life to choose to be a victim or creator. When you choose to be a victim, the world is a cold and difficult place. “They” did things to you which caused all of your pain and suffer
18、ing. “They” are wrong and bad, and life is terrible as long as “they” are around. Or you may blame yourself for all your problems, thus internalizing(内化内化)your victimization. The truth is, your life is likely to stay that way as long as you feel a need to blame yourself or others. 51. What does the
19、word “they” in Paragraph 1 probably refer to?A. People and things around you. B. Opportunities and problems.C. Creators and their choices. D. Victims and their sufferings. 4.4.句子理解题：句子理解题： 标志：标志： 在题干中明确指出原文中的一句话，要在题干中明确指出原文中的一句话，要求理解其意思求理解其意思 选项特点：选项特点： 正确答案与原句之间是一种同义关系，正确答案与原句之间是一种同义关系，其中没有过多推理过程其中
20、没有过多推理过程应对方法：应对方法： 返回原文对出题的句子进行语法、返回原文对出题的句子进行语法、逻辑解析。逻辑解析。(2010天津天津A) （1）As Winter Castle is a working royal palace, visitors and their belongings should get through airport style security checks. For safety and security reasons a one-way system operates along the visitor route. In the last part, a
21、 “working royal palace” refers to one _. A. still being constructed B. still used by the royal family C. where the Queen usually works D. where works of art are on show （2）(2010天津天津B) Think about some of the games you played as a young child, such as rope-jumping and hide-and-seek. Such game s are e
22、ntertaining and fun. But perhaps more importantly, they translate life into exciting dreams that teach children some of the basic rules they will be expected to follow the rest of their lives, such an talking turns and cooperating (合作合作).The underlined part in Paragraph 2 most probably means that ga
23、mes can_. A. describe life in an exciting way B. turn real-life experiences into a play C. make learning life skills more interesting D. change peoples views of sporting events4 4 主旨题主旨题 标志：标志： main idea main idea 训练时让学生分辨主题和细节。训练时让学生分辨主题和细节。 应对方法应对方法: : 把握文章逻辑结构把握文章逻辑结构 抓主题句抓主题句 主题句表达中心思想，其他句子均围绕它进
24、主题句表达中心思想，其他句子均围绕它进行说明或议论。它在文章中的位置通常为第行说明或议论。它在文章中的位置通常为第一段首句、第一段末句和全文末句等地方。一段首句、第一段末句和全文末句等地方。所以阅读时对这些地方要特别关注。所以阅读时对这些地方要特别关注。I am not special, just single-minded. It always struck me that when youre looking at a big challenge from the outside it looks huge, but when youre in the midst of it, it ju
25、st seems normal. Everything you want wont arrive in your life on one day. Its a process. Remember；little steps add up to big dreams.What dose the author mostly want to tell us in the last paragraph?A.Failure is the mother of success. B. Little by little, one goes far.C. Every coin has two sides. D.
26、Well begun, half done.5 5 归纳标题归纳标题 标志：标志： best titlebest title 问标题的题也是一种主旨题，与主旨题的问标题的题也是一种主旨题，与主旨题的解题方法和技巧完全一样、二者的差别主解题方法和技巧完全一样、二者的差别主要体现于选项的形式：要体现于选项的形式： 主旨题的答案主旨题的答案通常以通常以一句话一句话表示，表示，而问标而问标题的答案题的答案大多为大多为一个名词词组一个名词词组。此外，标。此外，标题必须而且只能反映文章的中心大意，归题必须而且只能反映文章的中心大意，归纳范围要恰如其分，不能提及文中的一个纳范围要恰如其分，不能提及文中的一个
27、细节，细节，应具有归纳性、概括性、抽象性等应具有归纳性、概括性、抽象性等特点。特点。To err（犯错）（犯错） is human. To blame the other guy is even more human.Common sense is not all that common.Why tell the truth when you can come up with a good excuse? These three popular misquotes（戏谑的（戏谑的引语）引语）are meant to be jokes, and yet they tell us a lot ab
28、out human nature. 55. What would be the best title for this passage?A. A Mirror of Human NatureB. To Blame or to ForgiveC. A Mark of MaturityD. Truth or Excuse6 6 作者态度作者态度 标志：标志： attitude believe consider regard attitude believe consider regard 作者态度分为三大类：作者态度分为三大类： 支持、赞同、乐观支持、赞同、乐观 客观、中立客观、中立 反对、批评、
29、怀疑、悲观反对、批评、怀疑、悲观 识别作者态度有以下方法：识别作者态度有以下方法： 找文中带有感情色彩的名词、动词、找文中带有感情色彩的名词、动词、形容词、副词、标点符号；文中因果、形容词、副词、标点符号；文中因果、转折、让步等连词的附近。转折、让步等连词的附近。 根据作者举的例子判断。注意区分作根据作者举的例子判断。注意区分作者态度和作者引申别人的态度，不要将者态度和作者引申别人的态度，不要将自己态度引入其中。自己态度引入其中。识别作者态度识别作者态度We find that our students dont read and they look down upon reading and
30、 scold those of us who teach it. All they want to do is watch TV. After this experience with the baby, however, I have reached a conclusion: Let them watch it! If television is that much more attractive to children than books, why should we fight about it? Let them watch it all they want!What is the
31、 authors attitude towards TV? A. Curious B. Worried C. Unfavorable D. Favorable例子的作用远比内容重要，句末对于主题更重要，例子的作用远比内容重要，句末对于主题更重要，因为文章该结束了，作者必须有个交代。因为文章该结束了，作者必须有个交代。 7 7 推断题推断题 标志：标志： learnlearn，inferinfer，implyimply，informinform， 干扰项的特点干扰项的特点 只是原文的简单复述或原句只是原文的简单复述或原句, ,而非推断出来而非推断出来的结论。的结论。 看似从原文推断出来的结论看似
32、从原文推断出来的结论, ,然而实际上与然而实际上与原文不符。原文不符。 根据考生已有的常识是正确的根据考生已有的常识是正确的, ,推理过头推理过头, ,引申过渡引申过渡 正确选项特点：正确选项特点： 不是文中明确说明的内容不是文中明确说明的内容, ,没有引申推理没有引申推理 就不是正确选项就不是正确选项 正确选项大多含义深刻正确选项大多含义深刻, ,不是常识选项不是常识选项 应对方法：应对方法： “ “最近原则最近原则”： 原文的某句话变个说法，推的近的要比推的原文的某句话变个说法，推的近的要比推的远的好，直接推出的要比间接推的好（层层远的好，直接推出的要比间接推的好（层层因果关系）。因果关系
33、）。 You can imagine how fully occupied I became, raising four boys under the age of 8! Our home was a complete zoo-a joyous zoo. Not surprising, I never did make it back to college full-time. But I never gave up on the dream either. I had only one choice: to find a way. That meant taking as few as on
34、e class each semester. What can we learn about the author from Paragraphs 4 and 5?A. She was busy yet happy with her family life.B. She ignored her guilty feeling for her sons.C. She wanted to remain a full-time housewife.D. She was too confused to make a correct choice. 8 8 文章出处题：文章出处题： 标志：标志： This
35、 text is most probably taken from a This text is most probably taken from a _._. 应对方法：应对方法： 了解各种文体特点、了解材料来源，平了解各种文体特点、了解材料来源，平时注意归纳其特点，例如来源于新闻报时注意归纳其特点，例如来源于新闻报纸：通常有下列词：纸：通常有下列词：report, claim, report, claim, sightingsighting，strongly against, crash, strongly against, crash, spokesmanspokesman等。等。66.
36、 This passage can be classified as_. A. an advertisement B. a book review C. a feature story D. A news report This brief book is aimed at high school students Its formal, serious style closely matches its content. Only a third of the book remains after that discussion My other comment is that the te
37、xt aged. 66. This passage can be classified as_. A. an advertisement B. a book review C. a feature story D. A news report阅读理解解题阅读理解解题方法总结：方法总结：词义解释词义解释 1. 1. 词法猜测词法猜测 2. 2. 上下文推测上下文推测 3. 3. 语法逻辑推理语法逻辑推理指代词解释指代词解释 90% 90% 向上去找向上去找句子解释句子解释 换种说法，句子同义换种说法，句子同义 没有引申没有引申主旨、标题主旨、标题 文章第一段或最后一段去找关文章第一段或最后一段去
38、找关键词键词 段落第一句或最后一句去找关段落第一句或最后一句去找关键词键词作者态度作者态度 1. 1. 依据形容词副词来判断依据形容词副词来判断 2. 2. 找转折、让步、因果前后句找转折、让步、因果前后句 子来判断子来判断文章出处文章出处 通过文章结构判断体裁来选择通过文章结构判断体裁来选择 找每段的起始句判断段落内容找每段的起始句判断段落内容二）二）2013课标卷课标卷2 七选五（七选五（53、54小题难度最大）小题难度最大）C. Turn your back on too many rulesG. So trying to force a whole set of rules into
39、it will just make things worse 53 If you find a public speaking course that looks as though its going to give you lots of dos and donts, walk away! Your brain is so full of what youre going to be talking about.54 As far as were concerned, there are basically no hard and fast rules about public speak
40、ing. Your audience can be your friends.二）阅读理解二）阅读理解 七选五七选五【体裁体裁】仍以指导类说明文为主。仍以指导类说明文为主。【文长文长】约约300词词 解题策略：解题策略：1）辨别语境线索）辨别语境线索2）. 分析短文篇章分析短文篇章 二）阅读第二节二）阅读第二节 七选五解题思路七选五解题思路 1. 关键词重现关键词重现 2. 关注文中的近义词关注文中的近义词/反义词反义词 3. 找出指代关系找出指代关系 4.理清逻辑关系理清逻辑关系 5. 了解文章结构（先分后总，总分总，先总后分）了解文章结构（先分后总，总分总，先总后分） 6.分析挖空部分在文
41、章或段落的位置分析挖空部分在文章或段落的位置 Always start the meeting on time. _. Beginning on time reflects(反映) skill as an effective time manager and set a precedent(前例) for others to follow.A. If you begin on time, group members who show up late will realize the value of time.B. Keep the discussion on track.C. This ca
42、n also reduce your credibility(可信度) as an effective meeting manager.1.Key words reappear(单词重现）单词重现）文中的某些关键词在选项中重现文中的某些关键词在选项中重现._. Certain trends（潮流）（潮流） tend to come and go; however, some styles are always popular when it comes to shoes for fall.A. Know what is in style for the new fall season.B. Y
43、ou must buy a pair of high-quality shoes. C. Take your children with you when you buy them new shoes for fall.2. Synonym (近义词）近义词） 选项中的某个词与文中的某个词意思相近选项中的某个词与文中的某个词意思相近,相同相同._. Many times important issues can get sidetracked in a meeting, especially when everyone has a different opinion about the top
44、ic. Doing so will help minimize (最小化） the chances of wasting valuable time.A. Make sure everyone feels welcome to contribute and express ideas without criticism.B. Keep the discussion on track.C. Its necessary for an effective manager to stick to the rules.=Keep to the point偏离正轨，离题偏离正轨，离题3. Antonym
45、3. Antonym 反义反义词词：选项中的某个词，词组与文中的某个词，词组意选项中的某个词，词组与文中的某个词，词组意思相反思相反_. He and two Russians will rocket into space for the long-distance garbage collection at the international space station. _. This includes empty food containers, dirty clothes and metal toilet boards. A.They will bring back to earth
46、waste that can not be recycled.B.Another shuttle is used for collecting rubbish in space.C.It came down in 2001 after 15 years in orbit.D.Among the team of three is professor Li, a Chinese American astronaut.DA代词所指代的人或事物前文没有提到，则必代词所指代的人或事物前文没有提到，则必定是出现在选项中定是出现在选项中.4.Pronoun (代词代词)5. Words indicating
47、 logicMake sure a shoe salesperson measures your foot size accurately._. So the measurement of the right foot will indicate(表明表明) the correct shoe size.A.Know what is in style for the new fall season.B.You must buy a pair of high-quality shoes. C.For most people, the right foot is slightly larger th
48、an the left one.表明上下文逻辑关系的词可以成为解题线索表明上下文逻辑关系的词可以成为解题线索instead, for example, that is to say, for example, so, however, in other words, to be exactlyWordsKey words reappear(单词重现单词重现)Synonym / Antonym (近义词近义词/反义词反义词)Pronoun(代词代词) Words indicating logic (逻辑关系逻辑关系)The structure of a passageABCXXXXXXXXXXX
49、XXX._71_.XXXXXXXXXX._72_.XXXXXXXX. _73_.XXXXXXXXXXXX.XXXXXXXXXXXXXX._74_75_.XXXXXXXXXXXXX.C:承上启下承上启下A:衔接前后句衔接前后句B:段落主旨句。段落主旨句。D:与段落内容一致与段落内容一致Whats the function of each blank?Conclusion: doing task-based reading, we should also pay attention toWordsKey words reappear(单词重现单词重现)Synonym / Antonym (近义词近
50、义词/反义词反义词)Pronoun(代词代词) Words indicating logic (逻辑关系逻辑关系)The structure of the passage 文章结构文章结构Main idea of each paragraph 段落大意段落大意The consistency of sentences 内容意义一致内容意义一致Articlea. Check the content（内容）（内容） consistency（连贯）（连贯） after you choose an answer.b.Read carefully the sentences in front of and