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1、状语从句状语从句在句中作状语， 可分为：时间、条件、让步、原因、目的、结果、比较、地点、方式状语从句。一、时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的连词有：when, as, while, until, notuntil, before, after, since, the minute, the moment, each( every, next, the first) time 等。 时间状语从句中一般用一般现在时或一般过去时。1 When , while, as都可解释为“当 的时候”但侧重点有所不同。1)When Eg: When I arrived home , I had a little r
2、est. 注意点：when 从句的主语与主句主语相同， 谓语动词是 be 动词时，从句主语和be 可以省略。Eg: When (she was) walking along the street, she met her class teacher. 2)As 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 21 页As 除了表示“当 的时候”，还可表示为“一面 一面” ， “随着”Eg: He sang as he danced.( 一面一面) You will grow wiser as you grow older.(随着) 3)
3、While 表示“当的时候”强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，从句一般用进行时，从句动词必须是延续性动词。Eg: While we were working, they were having a rest. While (they were) having a discussion, they got very confused. 注意点：while 有对比的含义，解释为“然而” 。eg: I prefer black tee, while he likes coffee. 2 until, not until 表示“直到 才”,在肯定句中主句常用延续性动词；在否定句中主句常用短暂性动词。
4、肯定句： I waited until midnight. 否定句： I did not leave until midnight. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 21 页注意点：1）not until在句首，主句用倒装eg: Not until you had explained how did I manage to do it. 2) It is not untilthat 引导的强调句It was not until it was dark that he came back. 3. the minute, t
5、he moment, each time都可表示“一 就”eg: The worker recognized the type of the machine the moment he saw it. 注意点：the minute, the moment, each ( every, next, the first) time 作连词不和 when 连用。4Hardly/scarcelywhen, no sooner than, as soon as表示为“一 就”eg: I had hardly/scarcely got home when it began to rain. I had n
6、o sooner got home than it began to rain. It began to rain as soon as I got home. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 21 页注 意 点 ： Hardly/scarcelywhen, no soonerthan位于句首，主句用倒装eg: Had I hardly/scarcely got home when it began to rain. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. 二 条件
7、状语从句条件状语从句分为两大类：真实条件句和虚拟条件句。引导条件状语从句的连词有： if, even if/though, unless/ if not, as long as/ so long as, as far as/so far as, provided/providing (that), on condition that 等。条件状语从句中如果主句是将来时，条件状语从句用一般现在时。1.unless 和 if notunless 相当于 if noteg: You will fail unless you study hard. You will not fail if you s
8、tudy hard. 注意点：在虚拟条件句中可用if not ，但不能用unless eg: If she were not too silly,she would 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 21 页understand. 2 引导条件状语从句的其它连词：Eg: You may go there ,as long as you keep quite. Eg: I shall give you the book on condition that you return it tomorrow. Eg: I will
9、go provided that you go too. 三 让步状语从句引导让步状语从句的连词有：though, although, even if/ though, however, no matter how, no matter what, no matter who等。1 though, although不可与 but 连用，但可以和 yet , still 连用. Eg: Though/Although it is raining ,they are still running outside. 注意点：1） though 可引导倒装 (although 不引导倒装)，结构为：强调
10、对象 +as/though+主语+其它成分，强调对象可为表语（名词、形容词）或状语（副词），表语为名词时，前面不用精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 21 页冠词。Child as/ though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. Tired as he is, he goes on with his work. 2） despite 和 in spite of 也有让步意义 ， 后 接 名 词 或 动 词 ， 而though, although是连词，后接从句。
11、Eg: Despite /In spite of wanting to see him again, she refused to reply to his letter. Though/although she wanted to see him again, she refused to reply to his letter. 2. “no matter+疑问词”或“疑问词 +后缀 ever”eg: No matter what happened, he would not mind. Whatever happened, he would not mind. 注意点： no matte
12、r+疑问词不能引导名词性从句3.even if/ though表示“即使”eg: He doesnt want to marry her even if/ though he loves her very much. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 21 页四 原因状语从句引导原因状语从句的连词有：because, since, as , now that ,considering that, for the reason that , due to the fact that,owing to the fact tha
13、t等1because because语气最强，通常用于回答 why 提出的问题注意点：在 it wasthat 的强调结构中，强调原因状语从句可用because 引导，不用since,as, for引导。Eg: It is because she is too inexperienced that she does not know how to deal with the situation. 2. since和 as since的语气比 because 弱，比 as强，表示间接的，已知的原因，自然的结果，表示“既然，由于”。Eg: As/ Since you are not very we
14、ll, you had better have a rest. 3for 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 21 页当 for 表示原因关系时， for 分句是对第一分句内容的推断或猜测。Eg: It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet now. 五 目的状语从句引导目的状语从句的连词有：so that, in order that, lest, in case, for fear that 等。Eg: You must speak louder so th
15、at/in order that you can be heard by all. He wrote the name down for fear that he should forget it. Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold. 注意点： lest, in case, for fear that所引导的状语从句中，动词可以用虚拟语气，形式为 should+动词原形，也可不用虚拟语气，用动词的一般现在时或一般过去时。Eg: You had better leave the key at home in case one
16、 of us should think of/thinks of coming back. 六 结果状语从句精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 21 页引导结果状语从句的连词有：so that, sothat, suchthat等eg: He is so young that he can not go to school. He is such a young boy that he can not go to school. 1常用句型：so+形容词 /副词+that 从句so+形容词 +a/an+单数可数名词 +tha
17、t 从句such +a/an+形容词 +单数可数名词 +that从句such +形容词 +复数可数名词 /不可数名词+that 从句2 so和 such的搭配规律such修饰名词或名词词组， so 修饰形容词或副词 ,so 还可接many, few, much, little 等。Eg: so foolish such a fool so nice a flower such a nice flower so many/few flowers such nice 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 21 页flowers s
18、o much/little money such rapid progress so many people such a lot of people 七 比较状语从句引导比较状语从句的连词有：asas, than, not soas, the morethe more等如：He speaks English as fluently as his brother (does) I can t jump so /as high as he (does)There are more workers in this factory than in the one next to it . The m
19、ore you read, the more interesting , you will find the novel is . 连 接 词than 可 作 为 关 系 代 词 用 。如：He wrote more than was necessary 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 21 页Dont carry more money than is needed 八地点状语从句引 导 地 点 状 语 从 句 的 连 词 有 :where, wherever以及 where构成的复合词等eg: She found h
20、er calculator where she lost it. Wherever I am, I will miss you. 注意点：eg: I happened to see your dictionary lie where I used it last time. （地点状语从句）I happened to see your dictionary lie in the lab where I used it last time.（定语从句）九 方式状语从句引导方式状语从句的连接词有as, just as, as if / though（一般用虚拟语气，也有用直陈语气的）等。EG：Ju
21、st do as you are told. The workers went on working as if nothing had happened. He talked to the girl as though he had 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 21 页fallen in love with her. 在 just as -, so - 结构中，as 带有比喻含义。意为“正如”，多用于正式文体。EG：Just as some people like sports, so some people l
22、ike music. the way 也可引导方式状语从句。EG：you should operate the machine the way I do . 基础题1. Wed better hurry _ it is getting dark. A. and B. but C. as D. unless 2. I didn t manage to do it _ you had explained how. A. until B. unless C. when D. before 3._ he comes, we wont be able to go. A. Without B. Unles
23、s C. Except D. Even 4. I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class. A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless 5. _ I catch a cold, I have pain in my back. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 21 页A. Every time B. Though C. Even D. Where 6. Whats the matter _ they still havent answered the
24、telegram? A. when B. that C. though D. however 7. Bring it nearer _ I may see it better. A. although B. even though C. so that D. since 8. You may arrive in Beijing early _ you mind taking the night train. A. that B. though C. unless D. if 9. Helen listened carefully _ she might discover exactly wha
25、t she needed. A. in that B. in order that C. in case D. even though 10. More people will eat out in restaurants _ they do today. A. than B. when C. while D. as 11._ hard she tries, she can hardly avoid making mistakes in her homework. A. Much B. However C. As D. Although 12. Poor _ it may be, there
26、is no place like home, _ you may go. A. as; wherever B. though; whenever C. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页，共 21 页in spite of; when D. that; wherever 13. The child was _ immediately after supper. A. enough tired to go to bed B. too tired to go to bed C. so tired that he went to b
27、ed D. very tired, he went to bed 14. The history of nursing _ the history of man. A. as old as B. is old than C. that is as old as D. is as old as 15. _ born in Chicago, the author was famous for his stories about New York. A. Since B. Once C. When D. Although 16._ we stood at the top of the buildin
28、g, the people below were hardly visible. A. As B. Although C. Unless D. In spite of 17. Scarcely was George Washington in his teens _ his father died. A. than B. as C. while D. when 18. _ David goes, he is welcome. A. Whichever B. However C. Wherever 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 14
29、 页，共 21 页D. Whatever 19. The house stood _ there had been a rock. A. which B. at which C. when D. where 20. Small _ it is, the pen is a most useful tool. A. because B. so C. if D. as 21. After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced _ tractors in 1988 as the year before. A. as twice m
30、any B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as 22. The piano in the other shop will be _, but _. A. cheaper; not as better B. more cheap; not as better C. cheaper; not as good D. more cheap; not as good 23. John plays football _, if not better than, David. A. as well B. as well as C. so well
31、 D. so well as 24. Although he is considered a great writer, A. his works are not widely read B. but 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 15 页，共 21 页his works are not widely read C. however his works are not widely read D. still his works are not widely read 25. _ the day went on, the weat
32、her got worse. A. With B. Since C. While D. As 26.What was the party like? Wonderful. It s years _ I enjoyed myself so much. A. after B. when C. before D. since 27. It was not _ she took off her dark glasses _ I realized she was a famous film star. A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when
33、; then 28. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, _ great it is. A. what B. how C. however D. whatever 29. After the war, a new school building was put up _ there had once been a theatre. A. that B. where C. which D. when 30._, Mother will wait for him to have dinner together
34、. A. However late is he B. However he is 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 16 页，共 21 页late C. However is he late D. However late he is 1-5 CABBA 6-10 BCCBD 11-15 BACDD 16-20 ADCDD 21-25 CCBAD 26-30 DBCBD 提高题1. Have you got any idea for the summer vacation? I don t mind where we go _ the
35、re s sun, sea and beach. （2008全国 I卷）A. as if B. as long as C. now that D. in order that 2. -Do you have a minute? Ive got something to tell you. -Ok, _ you make it short. （2008安徽卷）A. now that B. if only C. so long as D. every time 3. All the neighbor admire this family _the parents are treating thei
36、r child like a friend. （2008安徽卷）精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 17 页，共 21 页A. why B. whereC. which D. that 4. Nancy enjoyed herself so much _ she visited her friends in Sydney last year. （2008福建卷）A. that B. which C. whenD. where 5. _ the Internet is of great help. I dont think its a g
37、ood idea to spend too much time on it. （2008湖南卷）A. If B. While C. Because D. As 6. He found it increasingly difficult to read, _ his eyesight was beginning to fail. （2008山东卷）A. though B. forC. but D. so 7. Youd better no t leave the medicine _ kids can get at it. （2008山东卷）A. even if B. which C. wher
38、eD. so that 8. _ hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread. （2008辽宁卷）精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 18 页，共 21 页A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Wherever D. However9. I used to love that film _ I was a child, but I dont feel it that way any more. （2008辽宁卷）A. once
39、 B. when C. since D. although 10. A small car is big enough for a family of three _ you need more space for baggage. (2008全国 II) A. once B. because C. if D. unless11. There were some chairs left over _ everyone had sat down. ( 四川卷 ) A. when B. until C. that D. where 12. Dont promise anything _ you a
40、re one hundred percent sure. （2008浙江卷）A. whether B. after C. how D. unless13. Did you return Freds call? （2008北京卷）精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 19 页，共 21 页I didnt need to _ Ill see him tomorrow. A. though B. unless C. when D. because14. I m sorry youve been waiting so long, but itll
41、 still be some time _ Brian get back. （2008北京卷）A. before B. since C. till D. after 15. We ll have a picnic in the park this Sunday _ it rains or its very cold. （2008天津卷）A. since B. if C. unless D. until 16. -Are you ready for Spain？(2008上海卷) -Yes, I want the girls to experience that _ they are young
42、. A. while B. until C. if D. before 17. _ well prepared you are , you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing. (2008 上海卷 ) 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 20 页，共 21 页A. however B. whatever C. no matter D. although 18. _ he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race. 2007
43、 全国卷 IIA. If B. Since C. Though D. When19. Pop music is such an important part of society _ it has even influenced our language. 2007 上海卷A. as B. that C. which D. where20. Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water _ they are not managed carefully. 2007 上海卷 A. though B. before C. until D. if1-5BCBCB 6-10 BCDBD 11-15ADDAC 16-20 AAABD精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 21 页，共 21 页