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1、【高中英语语法】倒【高中英语语法】倒装装 I. 倒装句之全部倒装倒装句之全部倒装全部倒装是只将句子中的全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于此结构通常只用于一般现在一般现在时和一般过去时时和一般过去时。常见的结。常见的结构有：构有：1. here, there, now, then, thus等副词等副词置于句首置于句首, 谓语动词常用谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等表示来去或状态的动词等表示来去或状态的动词,如：如： Then came the chairman. 那时总裁来了。 Here is your lett
2、er. 你的信。The chairman came then.Your letter is here. 车来了.Here comes a bus.2） 表示运动表示运动方向方向的的副词或地点状语副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语动词常用置于句首，谓语动词常用表示运动的表示运动的动词动词, 如：如： 前面坐着一个小男孩。Ahead sat an little boy. A missile rushed out from under the bomber. 轰炸机肚底下窜出一枚导弹。Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.注意：注意： 上述全部倒装的句型结构
3、的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。例如： Here he comes. (Here comes a boy.) Away they went. 他们走开了。(Away went the dogs.) Here we are. (Here are the teachers.)II. 倒装句之部分倒装倒装句之部分倒装部分倒装是指将部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之倒装至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词情态动词，则需添加助动词do, do, doesdoes或或diddid
4、，并将其置于主语之前。，并将其置于主语之前。1. 句首为否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, few, at no time, in no way, not until 等。例如： Never have I seen such a performance. Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. 注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装。 I have never seen such a performance. The mother didnt leave the room until the chi
5、ld fell asleep. Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 母亲一直到孩子入睡后才离开房间。当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。 2. 以否定词开头的否定词组作部分倒装 Not onlybut also, Hardly/Scarcelywhen, No sooner than等, 例如： Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. Hardly had she gone ou
6、t when a student came to visit her. （No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her. ）注意：注意： 只有当Not only but also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only but also仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构，如 Not only you but also I am fond of music。3. so, neither, nor作部分倒装 用这些词表示“也”、“也不” 的句子要部分倒装。例如： Tom can speak F
7、rench. So can Jack. 汤姆会讲法语，杰克也会。 If you wont go, neither will I.你不去，我也不去。注意：当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为的确如此。例如： Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. - Its raining hard. - So it is. 4. only 在句首倒装的情况。例如： Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. 叫了三次，他才来参加会议. 只
8、有用这种方法，你才能学好英语。Only in this way _. 只有通过多做练习，你才能学好英语。Only by doing more exercises can you learn English well. can you learn English well如果句子为，即only引导状语从句时，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。例如： Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed. 病得重时，他才卧床休息。5. As (though) 引导的倒装句 as 引导的让步从句必须将表语（形容词, 分词, 名词）。但需注意：句首名词不能
9、带任何冠词。 尽管她还是个小女孩，她却懂得很多。Although she is a little girl, she knows a lot.Little girl as she is , she knows a lot. 尽管任务艰巨，他们仍设法按时完成了。 Difficult as the task was, they managed to accomplish it in time. =Though the work was difficult, it was finished in time. 典型例题：典型例题：1. Not until I began to work _ how m
10、uch time I had wasted. A. didnt I realize B. did I realizeC. I didnt realizeD. I realize2. - Do you know Tom bought a new car?- I dont know, _.A. nor dont I care B. nor do I care C. I dont care neitherD. I dont care also BB3. Not until the early years of the 19th century what heat is.A. man did know
11、 B. man knowC. didnt man know D. did man knowD4. Why cant I smoke here?At no time in the meeting-roomis smoking permittedsmoking is permittedC. smoking is it permittedD.does smoking permitA5. No sooner_ than it began to rain heavily.A. the game beganB . has the game begunC. did the game beginD . had
12、 the game begunDIII.其他部分倒装其他部分倒装 1） so that 句型中的so 位于句首时，需倒装。例如：So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. 他害怕得很，动也不敢动。2） 在某些表示祝愿的句型中。例如：May you all be happy. 愿你们都快乐。 3） 在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。例如： 如果我那时听了课的话 (attend the lecture)，现在就能做出这道题了。 Had I attended the lecture then, I could work out the problem now. 我要是你的话，就再试一次。Were I you, I would try it again.