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1、- 1 - 一虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中1. 表示与现在事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句： 一般过去时（虚拟语气中be were ）主句用： would(should, could, might)+动词原形。If we had time now, we would read it again. If I were you, I would work hard. 2. 表示与过去事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句： had+ 过去分词；主句：would(should, could, might)+have+过去分词。If he had taken my advice, he would hav
2、e succeeded in the test. If I had known your telephone number then, I would have called you. 3. 表示与将来的事实可能相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句： 一般过去时should +动词原形 were to+动词原形；主句：would(should, could, might)+动词原形。If it should rain, the crops would be saved. If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out. P.S 虚拟条件句的特殊情
3、况(1). 混合 / 错综型虚拟语气当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，称为错综条件句，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。If you had followed my advice, you would be better now.(从句说的是过去，主句是现在 ) If I were you, I would have taken his advice.(从句是现在，主句是过去) （2）省略 if 的虚拟语气名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - -
4、 - 第 1 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - - 2 - 如果从句中含有were/ should/ had时，则可以把这三个词置于句首，省略if. 采用倒装语序。If it should happen, what would you do? Should it happen, what would you do? If he had recognized me, he would have come over. Had he recognized me, he would have come over. (3) 含蓄虚拟条件句有时候假设的情况不以if 引导的条件从句形式表
5、现出来，而是通过一个介词短语，连词或其他形式表示。常用的词或短语有：without, with, but for(要是没有 ), otherwise, or, but等。Without your help(=If we had not had your help), we could not have succeeded. But for electricity(=If there were no electricity, there would be no modern industry. He felt very tired yesterday, or/ otherwise he woul
6、d have attended the party. (4) 在 if it were( had been )not for .句型中的虚拟语气虚拟语气也常用于if it were/(had been) not for .句型中，意为要不是由于。If it were not for peace, we could not be living a happy life today. If it had not been for your timely help, I would have gone bankrupt. 二虚拟语气用在名词性从句中1.主语从句中的虚拟语气这种虚拟语气主要用在it i
7、s+ 形容词（名词，过去分词）+that+主语 +should+动词原形（should可以省略）这种结构中。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - - 3 - ?常见的这类形容词有：advisable, anxious, better, desirable, surprising, natural, necessary, strange, important, regretful. ?常见的这类过去分词有：decide
8、d, demanded, recommended, requested, desired, required, ordered, suggested. ?常见的这类名词有：duty, pity, no surprise, no wonder, regret, shame. It was suggested that he（should）join the club activities. It is strange (surprising, disappointing) that she (should) not have been invited. It is a pity that he (
9、should) refuse to accept the offer. 2. 宾语从句中的虚拟语气wish 后面所跟宾语从句谓语动词用虚拟语气（意为要是，但愿就好了），其形式主要有三种：表示对现在情况的虚拟：wish后接一般过去时的从句表示对过去情况的虚拟：wish后接过去完成时/should，could have done 表示对将来情况的虚拟：wish后接 would，could+动词原形Iwish it were spring all year round. I wish it would be fine tomorrow. She wished she had stayed at ho
10、me. 在表示建议， 命令，要求等动词后的从句要用(should)+动词原形。 此类动词有： suggest, advise, propose, demand, require, insist（要求） , order, prefer, command, ask, request. The teacher ordered that all the books (should) be handed in on time. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 10
11、页 - - - - - - - - - - 4 - P.S. 当 suggest表示暗示，说明之意；insist表示坚持认为，坚持说之意时，从句不用虚拟，用正常的陈述语气。The man insisted that he had never stolen the money. The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with life. 3. 表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气在表示建议，命令，要求的名词后的表语从句或同位语从句中的谓语动词要用（should）+动词原形。常见名词有：advice, desire, request
12、, demand, proposal, suggestion, preference, requirement, order. He gave orders that the guests (should) be hospital entertained. His proposal is that we (should) get rid of the bad habits. 三虚拟语气在其他情况中的使用1.在 as if/ as though引导的状语从句中，若从句与事实相反，则要用虚拟语气。其形式如下：主语 +as if/ though +主语 + 一般过去时（从句的动作与主句同时发生）主语
13、 +as if/ though +主语 +would/could+动词原形（从句的动作相对主句来说在将来发生）主语 +as if/ though +主语 + 过去完成时（从句的动作先发生于主句动作之前）He talks as if he knew all about it. She speaks English well as if he had studied in America. He learns English so hard as if he would go abroad. 2.在 it is (high) time that 句型中也用虚拟语气，从句常用过去式，有时也用shou
14、ld +动词原形，表示早该做而没做的事，含建议的意味。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - - 5 - It is time that we went home. P.S.此句型中，注意与It/This is the +序数词 +time that+现在完成式的区别。This is the first time that I have been here. 3.would rather后接动词原形，但接从句时要用虚拟
15、语气（宁愿，但愿）。Would rather +主语+ 一般过去时（表示与现在或将来相反）Would rather +主语+ 过去完成时（表示与过去相反）Id rather he didnt go now. Id rather you hadnt done it. 4. if only后接从句也用虚拟语气，其形式与wish的用法一致。5. 动词 hope, intend, mean, plan, want, think等词用过去完成的形式，表示的意思为本想，本打算，本认为He had meant to buy the furniture last week, but it rained. 高考
16、虚拟语气专项练习60 题1. If only he _quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now. A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie 2. How I wish every family _a large house with a beautiful garden. A. has B. had C. will have D. had had 3. You did not let me drive. If we _in turn, you _ so tired
17、A. drove; didnt getB. drove; wouldnt get C. were driving; wouldnt get D. had driven ; wouldnt have got4. _it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will 5. I suggested the person _ to be put into prison A. refers B. referring C. referred
18、D. refer 6. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it_ A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken 7. I insisted _to see a doctor, but he insisted nothing _ wrong with him A. on him to go; should be B. he went; be C. he go; was D. he should to; is 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢
19、迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - - 6 - 8. -Your aunt invites you to the movies today -I would rather she _ me tomorrow than today A. tells B. told C. would tell D. had told 9. -Would you have called her up ? -Yes, but I _busy doing my homewo
20、rk A. was B. were C. had been D. would be 10. I was ill that day, otherwise I _ the sports meet A. would have taken part in B. took part in C. had taken part in D. would take part in 11. _the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easily A. Had it not been for B. If it were not C. If it had
21、not been for D. Were it not for 12. If my lawyer _here last Sunday, he _ me from going A. had been, would have prevented B. had been, would prevent C. were, prevent D. were, would have prevented 13. _hard, he would have passed the exam A. If he were to work B. Had he worked C. Should he work D. Were
22、 he to work 14. _today, he would get there by Friday A. Were he to leave B. If he had left C. Did he to leave D. Had he left 15. Had you listened to the doctor, you _all right now A. are B. were C. would be D. would have been 16. I did not see your sister at the meeting. If she _, she would have met
23、 my brother A. has come B. did come C. come D. had come 17. He _busy yesterday, or he _you with your experiment. A. was, had helped B. was, would have helped C. had been, would have helped D. were, would have helped 18. If it _for the snow, we_ the mountain yesterday A. were not, could have climb B.
24、 were not, could climb C. had not been, could have climbed D. hadn t been, could climb 19. Without electricity, human life _quite difficult today A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be 20. -I am going to tell her the news -I would as soon as you _her about it A. didnt tellB. don t tell C. h
25、adn t tellD. won t tell21. Mike s father, as well as his mother, insisted he _home名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - - 7 - A. stayed B. could stay C. has stayed D. stay 22. It was requested that the play _again A. should put o
26、n B. would put on C. be put on D. put on 23. She insisted that a doctor _ immediately A. had sent for B. send C. be sent for D. was sent 24. -Did you scold him for his carelessness -Yes, but _it A. I d rather not doB. I d rather not have doneC. I should t doD. I d better not do25. If only I _my car
27、A. hadn t lostB. wouldn t lose C. didn t lose D. haven t lost26. But for water, it _impossible to live in the earth A. is B. would be C. were D. wouldn t be27. I would rather you _anything about it for the time being A. do B. didnt doC. don t D. didn t28. The kind-hearted couple treat the orphan ver
28、y well as though he _ their own son A. is B. were C. had been D. should be 29. How the old people wish that they _young once more A. were B. could become C. had been D. should be 30. It is high time that we _ a meeting to discuss this problem A. hold B. held C. have held D. had held 31. The thief cl
29、osed his eyes _ he _dying A. even if , was B. though, would be C. even, had been D. as if, were 32. I wish that you _ such a bad headache because I am sure that you would have enjoyed the concert A. had not B. did not have had C. hadn t hadD. hadn t have33. The chairman insisted that we _the questio
30、n again A. will discuss B. to discuss C. should discuss D. will be discussed 34. He requested that the students _them get in crops A. help B. to help C. helped D. helping 35. The guard at the gate insisted that everybody _the rules A. obeys B. Obey C. will obey D. would obey 36. I wish I _here then
31、A. was B. had been C. were D. would be 37. It is strange that he _back so early 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - - 8 - A. came B. will come C. had come D. should have come 38. Mother suggested that I _my homework first befor
32、e watching TV A. did B. do C. shall do D. have done 39. My suggestion is that the meeting _off till nest Sunday A. be put B. put C. should put D. had been put 40. He is talking so much about America as if he _ there A. had been B. has been C. was D. been 41. The teacher demanded that the exam _ befo
33、re eleven A. must finish B. would be finished C. be finished D. must be finished 42. -Sorry, Joe. I did not mean to-Dont call me “Joe”, I am Mr. Parker to you, and _ you forget it!A. do B. didntC. did D. don t 43. I did not attend the lecture by Pro. Jackson. I _ but I _ all this morning A. would, h
34、ave washed B. could, have been washing C. would have, have been washing D. could have, had washing 44. How I wish I _ to repair the watch! I only made it worse A. had tried B. hadn t triedC. have tried D. didn t try45. -How could I thank you enough? -Dont mention it. Any other man _itA. must do B. c
35、ould do C. would have done D. should have done 46. Key European governments insist Iraqs co-operation _ good and military action_ to allow inspections to continue A. be, be delayed B. is, delay C. should be, be delayed D. is , be delayed 47. If the hurricane had happened during the day-time, _more d
36、eaths A. it would have been B. it would be C. there would be D. there would have been 48. What the customers_ from the company is that the goods _ right to their homes. A. requested, deliver B. demand, be delivered C. request, should deliver D. demand, delivered 49. If law-breakers _ the society wil
37、l be in disorder A. made unpunished B. came unpunished C. went unpunished D. not punished 50. We took a taxi to the airport. Otherwise we _late A. would be B. were C. will be D. would have been 51. Supposing he never _, what would happen then 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
38、名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - - 9 - A. come B. came C. would come D. will come 52. What do you think his proposal that we _ a play at the English meeting A. had put on B. should put on C. have put on D. will put on 53. I hope that you _ right A. will be B. should be C. were D.
39、would be 54. As you know, I am a disabled man, but I would be happy if I _of service to you A. am B. have been C. should be D. would be 55. He insisted that we _early the next morning A. start B. started C. would start D. had started 56. I did not see your sister at the meeting. If she _, she would
40、have met my brother A. has come B. did come C. had come D. came 57. We _last night, but we went to the cinema instead A. must have studied B. might study C. would study D. would have studied 58. If it _the snow, we _the Simian Mountain last week A. were not, could have climbed B. were not, could cli
41、mb C. had not been , could have climbed D. had not been, could climb 59. If only I _ my watch! A. hadn t lostB. haven t lostC. didn t lostD. don t lose60. You _ such a serious mistake if you had followed his advice. A. may not make B. might not make C. shouldnt have madeD. might not have made CBDBC CCBAA DABAC DBCDA DCCBA BBBAB DCCAB BDBAA CDCBC DDBDD BBAAA CDCAD 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - - 10 - 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 10 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - -