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1、中考冲刺之阅读理解2 一、命题特点、综合性强，考查学生综合运用语言知识的能力。、考查范围广，文章涉及各个领域。、难度较高，分值近年有所提升，是中考英语的主要拉分题型。二、常见解题失误归类分析?忽视题目信息?语言知识漏洞?只见句子不见篇章?缺少常识?以偏概全?思维定势三、具体实例分析1. 忽视题目信息Some old machines, such as a broken radio or TV set that you give your child to play with will make him curious（好奇的）and have interest. He will spend h
2、ours looking at them, trying to fix them; your child might become an engineer when he grows up. These activities are not only teaching a child to read a book, but rather to think, to use his 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 13 页mind. And that is more important. Q: What is the mai
3、n idea of the last paragraph? A. Learning to think is very important. B. Interest is necessary for everything. C. Broken things are useful for children. D. Using hands helps improve thinking ability. 2.语言知识漏洞Food. Drink & Refreshment Relax and unwind in our new state of the Loch Ness Eatery. Whether
4、 you are looking for a snack or a full meal we can provide almost anything to suit everyone. We will be ready for helping you at all times. ?Fresh Tea. Coffee, Hot Chocolate etc. ?Good choice of Home Baking and Cake ?Home Made Soup and Sandwiches. ?Sweets and Soft Drinks ?Packed to aches for those w
5、ho prefer a picnic. ?Seating for over 150 visitors. Tel: +44(0)456 450321 Web: Q: The Eatery provides almost everything to _. A. to serve people for a long time B. meet the needs of different visitors 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 13 页C. let people take away D. help people lea
6、rn about people 3.只见句子不见篇章Hotter fires result in especially dangerous situations for firefighters. The fires themselves are dangerous, of course, but even more problems are the super-hot gases created by the fires. These cause “ extreme fire behaviors” ， a term firefighters use to describe quick-mov
7、ing, life-threatening events at the scene of a fire. They include flashovers( 跳火). Temperatures increases so greatly that some materials in an area burn up at once. They also include backdrafts(反风流 ), during which oxygen rushes into an area, causing a fireball. The most dangerous effect of a back dr
8、aft is that it can actually take in all the oxygen out of a room where firefighters are working. Finally, there are gas explosions(爆炸). They happen when extreme heat causes gases to spread quickly. Q: What can we learn from the passage about backdrafts? A. Backdrafts make all the materials burn up a
9、t once. B. Backdrafts can be stopped by giving off more oxygen. C. Backdrafts can make the firefighters die of oxygen shortage. D. Backdrafts are followed by gas explosions and flashovers. 4.缺少常识精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 13 页Dear Mum and Dad, How are you? It s my lunch hou
10、r so I thought I d write to you before my meeting this afternoon. Things are extremely busy. It always is before Christmas. We have five nights out this week! Last night we went to Michael s speech night. You would both have been so proud of your grandson. He s talking about leaving his job at Easy
11、shop supermarket just after Christmas. He wants to get a different job - he s not sure what, but his classmate Jack has been trying to persuade him to go fruit picking for a few weeks over the summer holidays. Jack tells me that lots of young people go fruit picking in Australia from all over the wo
12、rld. I think it would be really good for Michael to get out of home and be self-manag ing for a while. I ll give you a ring at the beginning of the week. Lots of kisses from Mary Q: What time of year is it there? A. Spring B. Summer C. Autumn D. Winter 5.以偏概全精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - -
13、 - -第 4 页，共 13 页Tibet is among the most popular places for Chinese tourists. The number of travelers of Tibet has grown by 10% every year for a few years. Since July 1, 2006, when the first train ran 1956 kilometers from Xining to Lhasa, more and more people have been going to Tibet. The train stops
14、 at several famous places along the way, such as Qinghai Lake, Kunlun Mountain, and the Potala Palace. Passengers can also enjoy many activities during the journey, like Tibetan dancing and Karaoke. On the train, passengers can have tea, eggs and noodles for breakfast, and fried chicken and green ve
15、getables for lunch and dinner. Unlike most Chinese trains which have open hole toilets, this one has special toilets which can collect the waste. There is also a special rubbish system (系统 ) in the train that keeps the environment clean. All the windows on the train can protect people from the brigh
16、t sunlight. TV and electrical sockets (插座) for computers and mobile phones can be found on the train. Because there isn t much oxygen there, trains will have oxygen masks ( 氧气罩 ) for those who need them. It makes passengers feel more comfortable when they have enough oxygen on the famous “ roof of t
17、he world” . There are also doctors on the train to make sure that all of the travelers are safe. 1.The underlined word “ them ” in the last paragraph refers to精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 13 页(指代)_. A. oxygen masks B. doctors C. oxygen D. Passengers 2. What s the best title o
18、f the passage?A. Tibet-roof of the world B. Magic train to magic Tibet C. Beautiful views in Tibet D. A comfortable trip to Tibet 6.思维定势Spending time online is normal behavior for teenagers. But too much Internet use by teens or too little, for that matter might be related to depression ( 抑郁), a new
19、 study finds. The findings, reported in the Journal of Pediatrics, do not mean that the Internet is to blame. For one, teens in the study who spent no time online were also at increased risk of depression symptoms (症状). Instead, the researchers say that both heavy Internet use, and non use, could sh
20、ow that a teenager is having a hard time. For the study, Dr. Pierre Andre Michaud and his colleagues at the University of Lausanne, Switzerland, surveyed 7, 200 individuals ages 16 to 20 about their Internet use. Those who were online more than two hours per day were considered “ heavy ” Internet us
21、ers, while those online anywhere from several times per week to two hours per day were considered “ regular” users. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 13 页The teenagers also answered a number of health related questions, including some standard questions about “ depressive tendenci
22、es” ( 抑郁倾向 ) that show how often a person feels sad or hopeless. Compared with regular Internet users, the study found, kids who were heavy users or non users were more likely to be depressed or very depressed. Among boys, heavy users and non users were both around one third more likely to have a hi
23、gh depression score, compared to “ regular” users. Among girls, heavy Internet users had an 86 percent greater chance of depression, while non users had a 46 percent compared to regular users. Since teenagers typically go online to connect with friends. The researches find that those who are never o
24、nline may be more socially isolated. Q. Which is TRUE according to the passage? A. Teenagers never go online are good students. B. Teenagers never go online may get depression. C. Surfing the Internet for teenagers is bad behavior. D. Internet is the reason of teenager s depression. 四应对措施精选学习资料 - -
25、- - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 13 页需要注意的题目1. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? 2. The writer mentions all of the items listed below EXCEPT _. 3. The purpose of this article is _. 4. What is the last paragraph mainly about? 5. We can infer / conclude from the passage
26、that_. Maybe you are an average student. You probably think you will never be a top student. This is not necessary so, however. Anyone can become a better student if he or she wants to. Here s how. Make good use of your time in class. Take advantage of class time to listen to everything the teacher
27、says. Really listening in class means less work later. Taking class notes will help you remember what the teacher says. Q: If you listen carefully in class, you _. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 13 页A. can do less work after class B. don t have to take any notesC. don t have to
28、 do any work after classD. can remember everything Thousands of years ago, people only ate food that was grown near their homes. Some kinds of food were only grown in one place, so people from other places didn t know about them. When Europeans first traveled to Central and South America in the 1500
29、s, they discovered strange kinds of food that they had never seen before. Today, these are grown in a lot of different countries and they re sold in supermarkets all over the world. They don t seem strange any more!Potatoes were first grown in the Andes in South America. In 1586, 精选学习资料 - - - - - -
30、- - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 13 页they were taken to Europe by explorers(探险家 ). In 1719, they were taken to North America. Before 1719, nobody in North America had ever seen or eaten a potato. Today each American eats more than 60 kilos of potatoes a year. Tomatoes were also first grown by nativ
31、e(本地的 ) Americans. When European explorers visited the south of America in 1500, they took tomato seeds( 种子 ) back to Europe. Soon, tomatoes were grown in Europe, but people in England didn t eat them. At that time, a lot of English people thought that tomatoes were poisonous! Chilies( 辣椒) have been
32、 eaten in Central and South America for more than 8,000 years! In the 1500s, chilies were taken to Europe by explorers. Today, they are grown in hot countries all over the world. Which of the following is the best title(标题) for the passage? A. Traveling to America B. “ Strange” Food C. The Earliest
33、Explorers 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 13 页表示颜色的词组1. a white lie 2. blue blood 3. green hand 4. He is in blue. 5. He is yellow. Have you ever received a gift that was so clearly not your taste that you wondered if perhaps it had been handed to you by mistake? Worse, have you
34、 ever given a present and watched your friend look as though she had opened the wrong box? Maybe she responded with a 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 13 页polite “ Why, thank you,” but you knew you had missed the mark. Why do presents sometimes go wrong? And what do your choices
35、 (good and bad) reflect about your personal qualities? Choosing the right gift is an art, I believe. It calls for empathythe ability to put yourself into someone else s head and heart. We re all able to do this; in fact, we re born with a kind of natural empathy. After the earliest period of childho
36、od, however, it needs to be reinforced（加强）by our parents, teachers, friends .When it isn t, we re not able to understand other people s feelings as sharply. This can show in the gifts we select, and so can many other emotional（情感的） qualities. Think back to the presents you ve given over the past yea
37、r, the time and effort you put into your selection, how much you spent, your thoughts while you were shopping ,and your feelings when the receiver opened the package. Keep in mind that what you choose displays your inner world. Of course, you may express yourself differently with different friends,
38、relatives, and other people you know. We live in a society where exchanging presents is an important part of communication. Ignoring the tradition won t make it go away. If you really dislike such a tradition, tell your friends abead of time. Q:The best possible title for this passage is “ _”.A. Way
39、s of Choosing Gifts B. An Important Tradition C. Exchanging Presents D. Message in a Gift 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 13 页“ Hello.”- It is one of the first words we learn as babies, yet it s one of the last ones we think to use as adults. That s regrettable, because saying
40、hello is more than just saying hello-it is the respect of another s worth. How might the word change-how might we change-if we have mastered this word ? To find out, I spent one month saying hello to every person I met. Here s what I ve learned.It can improve productivity. In one of the few studies
41、ever done on this subject, Allan Allday, an assistant professor of special education at Oklahoma State University, had middle school teachers greet their students individually each morning. This exchange of greetings raised the kids productivity. School went from impersonal to personal, and that led
42、 to more class participation and better grades. Q. Which of the following is true according to the second paragraph? A. Students will get good grades by saying hello very often. B. An assistant professor likes greeting his students every morning. C. The teacher who often says hello to students is very popular at school. D. Kids will be more active in class by exchanging greetings with teachers. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页，共 13 页