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1、上海牛津英语 7A Unit4、5 知识点及语法重点教学内容： 7A Unit4、 5知识点及语法重点（现在完成时）教学重点：三种时态的训练和巩固教学难点：现在完成时瞬间动词与延续性动词的转换教学过程 :1、课文知识点讲解2、时态练习3、练习巩固4、 家庭作业1. 用 there be 句型表示客观存在（就近原则）2.现在完成时（一）含义现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，但其结果却和现在有联系, 也就是说 , 动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在。e.g. I have lost my wallet. ( 含义是：现在我没有钱花了。) Jane has laid the
2、table.(含义是：已可以吃饭了。) Michael has been ill.( 含义是：现在仍然很虚弱。) He has returned from abroad. ( 含义是：现在已在此地) （二）结构助动词 have /has+动词过去分词，主语为第三人称单数用has，其他人称用have 。（三）句型1、肯定句：主语+have /has+动词过去分词+其他。I have studied English for 5 years . 2、否定句：主语+have /has+not +动词过去分词+其他。We haven t been there .3、一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语 +
3、动词过去分词 +其他？Has he eaten that apple ? 4、特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ have /has +主语 +动词过去分词+其他？（四）用法1、现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的、持续到现在的情况,常与 for, since 连用。e.g. Mary has been ill for three days. I have lived here since 1998. 2、 现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用, 如 already, yet, just, before, recently, lately 等：e.g. He has already obt
4、ained a scholarship. I haven t seen much of him recently (lately).We have seen that film before. Have they found the missing child yet? 3、现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用e.g. Have you ever been to Beijing? I have never heard Bunny say anything against her. I have used this pen only three times. It is still good.
5、 George has met that gentleman on several occasions. 4、现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用，如now, up to these few days/weeks/months/years, this morning/week/month/year, now, just, today, up to present, so far等。e.g. Peter has written six papers so far. Man has now learned to release energy from the nucleus of
6、the atom. There has bee too much rain this year. The relations between us have been enhanced in the past few years. 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - Up to the present everything has been successful. 5、现在完成时表示现在之前就已完成
7、的动作, 虽然其效果或影响仍然存在但已不再继续, 但是有一些现在完成时的句子，在后面加上for+一段时间，则现在完成时的动作就表示延续性。e.g. Thomas has studied Russian. (现在不再学俄语) Thomas has studied Russian for three years. (=Thomas began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.) 6、现在完成时还可以用来表示过去的一个时间到现在这段时间内重复发生的动作。e.g. We have had four texts
8、 this semester. 现在完成时中的时间状语： already 通常用于肯定句中，意为“已经”，位于行为动词之前, be动词、助动词之后。有时可放在疑问句句尾，表示惊讶。例如：We have already cleaned the classroom. Have you finished it already ？yet 用于疑问句中表示“已经”；用于否定句中，表示“还(没)” 。例如：Has he found his watch yet ？他还没找到他的表吗？No, not yet. 是, 还没有。 ever 意为“曾经”，常用于疑问句或否定句中，位于助动词和过去分词之间，表示从过去
9、到目前为止的时间。例如：Have you ever been there？你曾经去过那里吗？Nothing has ever happened here. 这里未曾发生过什么事。 never 意为“（曾经）从未、没有”, 是否定副词，在句中位于助动词和过去分词之间。ever 与否定词not 连用相当于never。例如：I havent ever spoken to her. = I have never spoken to her. 我从未跟她讲过话。 just 意为“刚刚”, 用于现在完成时, 表示行为刚刚过去, 位于助动词与过去分词之间。e.g. He has just come back
10、 from school. 他刚从学校回来。 just now 意为 “刚才”, 表示过去某时, 用于一般过去时, 位于句首或句尾均可。e.g. He came from school just now.他刚才从学校回来。 for 和 since 的用法及区别。for 与一段时间连用，since 与时间点连用。注意： since 后接过去时的时间状语或过去时的句子。e.g. I have been to Shanghai twice since 1970. I haven t seen her since she left Shanghai. I saw Ping Ping six years
11、 ago. Since I havenever seen her. have/has gone to 、have/has been to 和 have/has been in 的区别。have/ has gone to 去了 ,在去某地的路上或在某地, 人还未回来have/ has been to 曾经去过 , 人已经回来了have/ has been in 已经在 , 常与一段时间连用e.g. She has been to Shanghai before. 她以前曾去过上海。She has been in Shanghai for ten years. 她在上海10 年了。Has he g
12、one to Qingdao? 他去青岛了吗？但不能说Have you gone to Qingdao? 区分短暂性动词与持续性动词. 表示短暂性 (瞬间性 )的动词在现在完成时的句中不能和一段时间连用.短暂性的动词如：come，go，join，leave，buy 等，在完成时态中不能与for,since 短语或 How long 等引起的时间状语连用。瞬间动词不能直接与for， since 连用，要改变动词为延续性动词。名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
13、第 2 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 瞬间动词转换为延续性动词：buy - have borrow - keep ?arrive/ come- be in /at leave -away (from) ?join-be a member of/be in ?die- be dead get up - be up ?get married- be married go there - be there ?begin/start- be on stop- be over ?open - be open 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：一般过去式：过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单
14、纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作。现在完成时： 为过去发生的， 强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。现在完成时强调 过去发生的动作与现在的联系，对现在的影响。一般过去时强调过去发生的动作或状态，与现在没有联系。现在现在一看时间状语。如果句中没有表示过去确切时间的状语，常用现在完成时；如果有，则只能用一般过去时。如：I have visited the factory. I visited the factory last year.二看句首有无疑问词。如果笼统地问人家做过某事了吗（句首无疑问词），常用现在完成时；但进一步询问何时、何地、何原因、用什么方式做那事时（句首有疑问词）就要用一般过去时
15、。如：Have you had your breakfast? Yes, I have. When did you have it? At seven thirty.注意： 这种用法是以连贯性问答为背景的。否则就需要具体情况具体分析。如：How many words have you learned by heart? 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - How did you learn them
16、 by heart? 三看句中谓语动词是否为延续性动词。如果表示的动作或状态一直延续到现在，最好选用延续性动词，并使用现在完成时；如果是瞬间动词，则用一般过去时。如：He has been a league member for two months. He joined the Youth League two months ago. 现在完成时练习题一、单项选择1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _whats happened to him . . knew . have known . must know .will know 2、He ha
17、s _ been to Shanghai , has he ? . already .never .ever . still 3、Have you met Mr Li _ ？. just . ago .before . a moment ago 4、The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year . is writing .was writing .wrote .has written 5、-Our country _ a lot so far . -Yes . I hope it will be even _ . . has cha
18、nged ; well . changed ; good . has changed ; better . changed ; better 6、Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years . . was ; studying . will ; study . has ; studied . are ; studying 7、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . . know . had known . have known . Knew 8、Harry Potter is a very nic
19、e film .I_ it twice . . will see . have seen . saw .see 9、-These farmers have been to the United States . -Really ? When _ there ? . will they go . did they go . do they go . have they gone 10、-_ you _ your homework yet ? -Yes . I _ it a moment ago . . Did ; do ; finished . Have ; done ; finished .
20、Have ; done ; have finished . will ; do ; finish 二、句型转换3、The old man _ last year. He for a year. (die) （动词填空）4、This factory opened twenty years ago.( 同义句转换 ) This factory _ for twenty years. 5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换 ) Miss Gao _ _ _ _ an hour ago. 6、Her mother has been a Party member for
21、three years .（同义句）名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - Her mother _ the Party three years _ . 7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. ( 同义句转换 ) _ two years _ the Green family moved to Fra nce. 8、The bus has arr
22、ived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. ( 把两个句子合并成一个句子) _ 二、句型转换。1、has he? 2、How long 3、died, has been dead 4、has been open 5、 has been away 6、joined；ago 7、It is, since 8、The bus has been here for ten minutes. 7A Unit 5 Choosing a new flat 一语言点：1、 think about sth./ doing sth. 考虑某事2、 Whats the matter
23、(with sb./sth.)? =Whats wrong (with sb./sth.)? （某人/某物）出什么问题了？3、 tidy up 使整齐4、 need sth. / don t need sth. need to do/ dont need to do 需要某物/ 不需要某物5、 much bigger (修饰比较级用 much, far, even, a little, a bit) 大了许多6、 enough space (space 不可数名词 ) 足够的空间7、 look for/ find 寻找8、 What kind of flat.? 哪一种公寓？9、 an und
24、erground station 地铁站10、on a removal day 在搬家的那天11、next to=beside 在旁边12、opposite the sofa 在沙发的对面13、between A and B 在 A 和 B 之间14、in front of 在前面15、move to 搬去某地16、a flat with a balcony 有阳台的公寓17、on the rug 在地毯上二词性转换：1、 choose v. choice n. chose vp. choosen vpp. 2、 tidy v. / a. untidy a. 3、 balcony n. bal
25、conies pl. 4、 agency n. agent n. 代理人5、 helper n. help v. helpful a. helpless a. 6、 shelf n. shelves pl. 7、 removal n. remove v. move v. 8、 difference n. different a. 9、 busy a. business n. businessman n. 语法：? 1 方位介词和介词词组的用法? 2 祈使句3 掌握用 too 加上形容词表示“ 太。 。 。” 的用法名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
26、- -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 4 掌握 need后面直接加名词表示“ 需要 ” 的用法5 学会用某些副词修饰形容词的比较级6 了解形容词最高级的用法Unit Five Choosing a new flat (Exercise) Page 35 1.Ben s bedroom is _ (tidy ). Mrs. Li asks him to tidy it up once a day. 2.Our flat is too small. I am looking for
27、a _ (big) one. 3.His uncle is a _ (remove) man. He always moves people s furniture to their new flats.4.In our study, there are two _ (shelf) and a wardrobe. 5.We ll _ a bigger flat. We ll go to the estate agency tomorrow. (look out/look up/look at/look for) 6.Please tidy your things _, Ben. (away/u
28、p/on/in) 7.Your bedroom is very untidy. Please put your things _. (tidily/tidy/untidy/untidily) 8.My brother is _ than me now. (more bigger/more big/much bigger) 9.My bedroom is _ in my house. (smallest/smaller/the smallest) 10.Our flat has two _ rooms. (live) 11.Ben s bedroom has _ space for all th
29、is things. (many /enough/a few) 12.Our flat has got two bedrooms. ( 改为一般疑问句) _ your flat _ two bedrooms? 13.Our flat has one living room and one kitchen. （改否定句）Our flat _ _ one living room or one kitchen. 14.Let s talk to Dad when he comes home. （反意疑问句）Let s talk to Dad when he comes home, _ _? Page
30、 36 1.How many _ are there in your flat, Lucy? (balcony) 2.I like a flat _ two bedrooms and a balcony. (have/has/with/of) 3.I ll go to the estate _ (agency) tomorrow.4.I d like to live near the underground station. （划线提问）_ _ you like to live? 5.We ll look for a new flat. （划线提问）_ _ we look for? 6.Can
31、 I help you? （保持原句意思）_ can I do _you? 7.The cinema is near my home. （保持原意）The cinema is not _ _my home. 8.I d like a flat with three bedrooms, on balcony and two bathrooms. （划线提问）_ _ _ flat would you like? Page 37-39 1.They will be busy _ (in/on/at) the removal day. 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - -
32、 - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 2.The removal man and his _ (help) are _ (put) the thing in the new flat. 3.Alice is my best friend. She is very _. (help) 4.My bedroom is _ the second floor. (in/on/at/beside) 5.The price of the shirt is _ 200 and 2
33、50 yuan. (at/between/in/among) 6.He is standing _ Mr. Green. (opposite to/to next/beside to/next to) 7.The school is just _ my block. (near to/opposite/between) 8.There is a big supermarket _ my neighbourhood. (after/ in front of/before) 9.What are the differences _ (with/between/in) the two flats?
34、10.She goes to school _. (by the underground/by an underground/by underground) 11.There are two _ (fun) pictures _ the wall. (in/on/at) 12.He put the table near the kitchen. (划线提问 ) 13._ _ he put the table? 14.The new flat is big and clean. ( 划线提问 ) 15._ _ the new flat? 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - -