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1、Unit 4 Space ExplorationUnit 4Section 请同学们认真完成 练案16 阅读理解Satellites are an important part of our ordinary lives.For example, the information for weather forecasts is sent by satellite.Some satellites have cameras which take photographs of the Earth to show how clouds are moving.Satellites are also us
2、ed to connect our international phone calls.Computer connections of the World Wide Web and Internet also use satellites.Many of our TV programmes come to us through satellites.Airplane pilots also sometimes use a satellite to help them find their exact location.We use satellites to send television p
3、ictures from one part of the world to another.They are usually 35,880 kilometres above the equator (赤道)Sometimes we can see a satellite in the sky and it seems to stay in the same place.This is because it is moving around the world at 11,000 kilometres an hourexactly the same speed that the earth ro
4、tates (转动)A satellite must orbit the Earth with its antennae (天线) facing the earth.Sometimes, it moves away from its orbit, so there are little rockets on it which are used to put the satellite back in the right position.This usually happens about every five or six days.Space is not empty! Every wee
5、k, more and more satellites are sent into space to orbit the Earth.A satellite usually works for about 1012 years.Satellites which are broken are sometimes repaired by astronauts or sometimes brought back to the Earth to be repaired.Often, very old or broken satellites are left in space to orbit the
6、 Earth for a very long time.This is very serious because some satellites use nuclear power and they can crash into each other.文章大意：本文是一篇科普说明文。对各种卫星的用途、卫星工作的状态以及人们对已损坏卫星的处理办法进行了解释说明。1Which of the following is NOT done by satellites according to the passage？_D_ASending information for weather forecast
7、s.BTaking photographs of the Earth.CSending TV pictures.DProviding food for airplane pilots.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段和第三段首句不难看出，卫星可以传递天气预报信息、拍摄地球照片、传递电视图片等，但是没说为飞行员提供食物，所以选择D项。2Why does the satellite move around the world at the same speed as the Earth rotates？_B_AIn order to take photographs.BIn order to stay
8、 in a certain position in the orbit.CIn order to move away from its orbit.DIn order to send television pictures.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容可以看出，卫星之所以用和地球自转相同的速度绕地球旋转，是为了保持在一定位置上。显然B项正确。3What does the underlined word “This” in the 3rd paragraph refer to？_C_AA satellite.BA little rocket.CA satellite seems to sta
9、y in the same place in the sky.DThe satellite puts the rockets in the right position.解析：代词指代题。this在此替代前文的“Sometimes we can see a satellite in the sky and it seems to stay in the same place.”故选C项。4Which is true of satellites？_A_AA satellite usually works for about 1012 years.BEvery time a satellite g
10、ets broken, it is brought back to the Earth to be repaired.CA broken satellite is never left in space.DBroken satellites often crash into each other.解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段不难看出A项正确。七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2020新课标卷)A Few Tips for Self-AcceptanceWe all want it.to accept and love ourselves
11、. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. _1.B_ Heres a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction._2.F_ Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is
12、 better than theirs? Know that your life is your own；you are the only you in this world.Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. _3.D_ You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how y
13、ou could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response? “That didnt go as planned. But, I tried my best.”Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achie
14、vements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. _4.C_Now that youve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you dont feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. _5.A_ Turn to a p
15、age in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are?AFeeling upset again?BWhere do you start?CNothing is too small to celebrate.DRemember, you are only human. ESet an intention for self-acceptance.FStop comparing yourself with others.GWhen does the comparison game
16、 start?文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。解析：1根据题目“A Few Tips for Self-acceptance(自我接纳的几点建议)”及下文的“Heres a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.(这有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法)”可知，选项B Where do you start? (从哪里开始呢？)最合下文语境，故选B项。2根据下文“Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your l
17、ife is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own；you are the only one in this world.(你是否希望最终你会因为自己的生活比他们的好而感到有力量？要知道，你的生活是你自己的；你在这个世界上是独一无二的)”可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故F.Stop comparing yourself with others.(停止把自己和别人进行比较)可以作为本段中心句，故选F项。3根据本文的中心句“Forgive yourself for mist
18、akes that you have made. (原谅自己所犯的错误)”及下文的“You will make mistakes, time and time again. (你会一次又一次地犯错误。)”可知，本句是在说明要讲自己看作一个普通人，普通人是会犯错的。选项D Remember, you are only human.(记住，你只是个人)与上下文衔接最好，故选D项。4根据上文“List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of
19、 bed today.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位，今天你摆脱了困境。)”可知，这些小事都是你取得的成就，都值得庆祝，即没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝的。故选C项。5结合上文“Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you dont feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself.(用语言来解释为什么你觉得自己不值得，为什么你觉得自己不够好。现在，自己读一下这些话)”和下文的“Turn to a page in your journal to your list of
20、strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are? (翻到你日记本上记下你的优点和成就的那页。看到你有多棒了吗？)”可推知本句是在说明“再次感到心烦意乱”的情况。选项A Feeling upset again？(再次感觉心烦意乱了吗？)最合上下文语境，故选A项。完形填空My bike was stolen last Saturday.Left with a lock and a _1.D_ heart, I decided to leave the thief a note.Armed with yellow paint, I_2.C_ a
21、 big cardboard sign and hung it on my gate.It said：“To the person who stole my bicycle：I hope you need it more than I do.I need it to get to work.I cant _3.D_ another one.PS: Bring it back.”I felt a little _4.C_ writing the sign.But I knew other peoples bicycles had been stolen in the neighborhood,
22、and the least I could do was _5.A_ what had happened.I left it up for seven days.On Wednesday evening, a young man knocked at my door, carrying a _6.A_.“Did you get your bike stolen？” asked the guy.“I had this bike _7.C_ around, so I figured you might be able to use it.” I was surprised by the _8.D_
23、 and tried to explain my intentions, saying I really appreciated it, _9.A_ wasnt sure if Id be able to use it.What was clear, however, was that it wasnt about the bicycle, it was about the desire to _10.C_.Finally I accepted, very touched by the kindness.A snowstorm came the next day, and my husband
24、 suggested I take down the sign.I _11.A_my bike was stolen on the weekend, so the sign would stay up until the next weekend.On Saturday morning, I got another _12.A_ on the door.It was a middle-aged woman.She said she drove twice around the block so she could _13.B_ read my sign.“What kind of bicycl
25、e do you need？” she asked.“If I find one, Ill bring it to you.” Then she gave me a big hug.I felt strengthened.This sign was _14.C_ things.So much kindness was pouring out from such a simple gesture of _15.D_ myself up to the universe.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。自行车被偷后，“我”在大门口挂了个警告牌，希望小偷能看到，将自行车还回来。没想到，“我”却收到了陌生人
26、的善意和帮助。1AwarmBsoftCbigDheavy解析：由本段第一句“My bike was stolen last Saturday.”以及“Left with a lock”可知，“我”很“难过(a heavy heart)”。2AreadBfollowedCmadeDsaw解析：由本句中的“Armed with yellow paint”以及下文中的“writing the sign”可知，“我”“制作了(made)”一个牌子。3AloseBlendCchooseDafford解析：由“I need it to get to work.”以及“Bring it back.”可知，“
27、我”“买不起(cant afford)”另一辆自行车。4AwrongBhappyCfoolishDdangerous解析：由“But I knew other peoples bicycles.had happened.”可知，“我”觉得写警告牌这个举动有些“愚蠢(foolish)”。5AsayBknowCignoreDrealize解析：由本句中的“But I knew other peoples bicycles had been stolen in the neighborhood”可知，“我”愿意将所发生的事“说出来(say)”。6AbikeBsignCboardDgun解析：由下文中
28、的“I had this bike.to use it.”可知，他扛着一辆“自行车(bike)”。7AtravelingBturningClyingDplaying解析：由本句中的“I figured you might be able to use it”可知，“我”这辆自行车“闲置着(lying around)”。8AanswerBadviceCpromiseDoffer解析：由上文中的“I had this bike.to use it”可知，他的“帮助(offer)”使“我”惊讶。9AbutBorCandDso解析：前后句之间表示转折关系，故用“but”。10AreturnBcomeC
29、helpDpay解析：由下文中的“I accepted.the kindness”可知，“我”改变主意不是因为这辆自行车，而是因为他很想“帮助(help)”“我”。11ArefusedBobeyedCagreedDdoubted解析：由“A snowstorm came the next day”以及“my bike was stolen.the next weekend”可知，“我”的丈夫建议“我”把警告牌拿下来，“我”“拒绝了(refused)”。12AknockBpullCgiftDposter解析：由“It was a middle-aged woman.”可知，此处表示“又有人敲门(
30、another knock on the door)”。13AhardlyBfullyCeasilyDsilently解析：由语境可知，她绕着街区开了两圈的目的是能够“完全(fully)”读懂警告牌。14AprovidingBshowingCchangingDrunning解析：“我”在大门口挂警告牌，希望小偷能看到，将自行车还回来。没想到，却收到了陌生人的善意和帮助，故这个警告牌在“改变着(changing)”一些事。15AholdingBpickingCgivingDopening解析：结合整篇文章以及第二段中警告牌的内容，此处表示“我”只是“将心中所想说出来(opening myself
31、 up)”，却收到如此多的善意。语法填空根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。We are currently living in a world _1.where_ rapid advances in medicine and technology influence our lives on _2.a_ regular basis. One technology，which in recent years _3.has developed/has been developing_(develop)very quickly，is cloning.Clones ref
32、er to animals or plants that are produced to be exact _4.copies_(copy)of one another. Clones of different kinds are produced in various ways，and they have become _5.valuable_(value) in many medical applications and biological experiments. Most are produced in the laboratory，with some of them _6.occu
33、rring_(occur) in several species in a natural way.A report in 2018 had pictures of Macaque monkeys that had been cloned successfully. Since they are primates(灵长目动物) like us，it gets us to come even _7.closer_(close) to find the right procedures of the cloning of humans.This comes to the question why
34、we would need or want to do this. Would it be _8.in_ the best interest of humankind to develop this technology？Besides，the moral questions that will be raised _9.are_(be)unbelievable，and would it be an accomplishment that could benefit humankind enough _10.to balance_(balance)the ill effects that it
35、 might produce?文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍飞速发展的医学和技术常常影响着我们的生活，其中一种技术就是克隆，本文介绍了克隆的概念、现状以及存在的一些问题。解析：1考查定语从句。分析句子结构可以发现，空前是主句，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词world，空处在从句中作地点状语，故用where。2考查冠词。on a regular basis“定期地，经常地”，故填不定冠词a。3考查动词时态。根据时间状语“in recent years”可知，develop的动作从过去开始持续到现在，并有可能持续下去，故应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，故用has developed或has b
36、een developing。4考查名词复数。copy在此表示“复制品”，是可数名词。根据后面的one another“彼此，互相”可知，此处copy不止一个，故用copy的复数形式。5考查形容词。根据语境和系动词后跟形容词的用法可知，此处用value的形容词形式valuable“珍贵的，很重要的，有用的。”6考查非谓语动词。逗号前是完整的一个句子，逗号后是“with宾语宾补”的复合结构，因为occur是不及物动词，且occur与其主语在逻辑上是主谓关系，故用现在分词作宾补。注意：occur的现在分词形式是先双写r再加-ing。7考查副词的比较级。根据句意和空前的even可知，空处应用副词的比
37、较级closer。8考查介词。in the best interest of.意思是“对最有利”，是固定搭配。9考查时态和主谓一致。此处描述客观事实，故用一般现在时；由句子主语moral questions为复数可知，谓语动词应用are。10考查非谓语动词。它会是一个可以让人类所获益处足以抵消它带来的负面影响的成就吗？enough to do sth.“足够做某事”。.应用文写作你校英文报正举行“畅想未来”征文大赛，请你用英语写一篇短文设想一下二十年后的图书馆并投稿。注意：1.词数80左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_参考范文：Libraries in twenty years will
38、 surely be different from what they are today.First, instead of paper books, all books will be stored in the form of chips.Youll get what you need by simply touching a large screen.Moreover, you will find several buttons on the screen, each of which performs a special function.For example, when you push a certain button, the content of the book will be presented in the form of a movie where you will enjoy it vividly.If you want to renew a book, you can input a code and immediately the book will appear on your mobile phone.I believe such libraries will be a part of our life in twenty years.