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1、活页练(八) 单项填空阅读理解短文填词.单项填空1It doesnt matter _ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.(2012山东，25)Ahow BwhetherCwhat Dwhy答案B解析句意为：在这家商店里，无论你用现金支付还是用信用卡支付都无关紧要。由It doesnt matter“没关系”可知后面的意思应该是“无论(不管)还是”，又根据题干中的关键词or就很容易确定选B项，构成固定搭配whether.or.。how如何；what什么；why为什么，均不符合题意。2The notice came around two i
2、n the afternoon_the meeting would be postponed.(2012江苏，27)Awhen BthatCwhether Dhow答案B解析句意为：会议将被延期的通知大约下午两点发布。空格后的句子解释说明名词the notice，作同位语从句，连接词在从句中不作任何成分，所以用that。3The limits of a persons intelligence，generally speaking，are fixed at birth，but_he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.(201
3、2安徽，27)Awhere BwhetherCthat Dwhy答案B解析句意为：一个人的智力极限，通常来说，出生时就已经定型了。但他是否能够达到这些极限则取决于他所处的环境。根据depend on可知，主语从句含有不确定因素，可排除C项。where表示地点；why表示原因，用于此处不合适；而使用whether表示“是否”，与题意吻合。4I made a promise to myself_this year，my first year in high school, would be different.(2012浙江，4)Awhether BwhatCthat Dhow答案C解析that引
4、导同位语从句，在从句中不作句子成分，补充说明promise的内容。5It doesnt matter_you turn right or left at the crossingboth roads lead to the park.(2012天津，9)Awhether BhowCif Dwhen答案A解析句意为：在这个十字路口你向左或向右转弯都没有关系，因为两条路都通向公园。题干中it作形式主语，所以所选的连词在句中引导主语从句。whether引导名词性从句表示“是否”之意，而且题干中出现了关键信息词or。whether.or.表示“是还是”。if引导名词性从句也表示“是否”，但引导主语从句
5、、表语从句、同位语从句等只能用whether而不能用if。6As many as five courses are provided，and you are free to choose _ suits you best.(2012陕西，20)Awhatever BwhicheverCwhenever Dwherever答案B解析考查名词性从句。所填词引导的从句作动词choose的宾语，引导词在从句中作主语，意为“无论哪件”，故选B。其余选项与句意不符。7Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt _ he could have expre
6、ssed it differently.(2012北京，24)Awhy BhowCthat Dwhether答案C解析句意为：杰里不后悔给出评论，但是他觉得他本来可以用另一种不同的方式来表达。felt后面应该是一个宾语从句，分析宾语从句可知，这是一个完整的句子，不缺句子成分，故用that引导。8It suddenly occurred to him_he had left his keys in the office.(2012江西，25)Awhether BwhereCwhich Dthat答案D解析It occurs/occurred to sb. that.某人想到/想起。it是形式主语
7、，主语从句成分完整，不能用连接代词which引导，whether与where不符合句意。故选D项。9Scientists study _ human brains work to make computers.(2012四川，17)Awhen BhowCthat Dwhether答案B解析考查名词性从句。句意为：科学家研究人类大脑是如何工作的以制造电脑。分析句子结构可知study后接宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，故选B项。10Im afraid hes more of a talker than a doer，which is _ he never finishes anything.(201
8、1山东，26)Athat BwhenCwhere Dwhy答案D解析句意为：我觉得与其说他是个实干家不如说他是个空谈家，这就是为什么他从来不会完成任何事情的原因。分析句子结构可知，which引导非限制性定语从句，which指代前面的整个句子hes more of a talker than a doer；在定语从句中，is后面为表语从句，由句意可知which指代的内容是表语从句内容的原因，故用why引导表语从句。11_ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.AWhat BThatCHow DWhere答案A解析主语从句中缺少主语，而能在
9、主语从句中既充当主语又起引导作用的只有what。12I just wonder _ that makes him so excited.Awhy it does Bwhat he doesChow it is Dwhat it is答案D解析wonder后面的宾语从句本是“what makes him so excited”，但what需要被强调，故用强调句型。13Water，which seems so simple and common，is _ makes life possible.Awhat BthatCwhich Dhow答案A解析考查名词性从句的连接词。句意为：看似简单平常的水是
10、使生命出现成为可能的东西。what引导表语从句并在句中作主语。14Id like to work with _ is honest and easy to get on with.Awho BwhoeverCwhomever Dno matter who答案B 解析所填词在宾语从句中作主语。who表达的意思不对，也不符合句子结构；whomever不能在句中作主语；no matter who不能引导名词性从句。15When you are reading，make a note of _ you think is of great importance.Awhich BthatCwhat Dwh
11、en答案C解析宾语从句中you think是插入语，从句中缺少主语，which意思不对，故选what。.阅读理解AIn 1978，I was 18 and was working as a nurse in a small town about 270 km away from Sydney，Australia.I was looking forward to having five days off from duty.Unfortunately，the only one train a day back to my home in Sydney had already left.So I
12、thought Id hitch a ride (搭便车)I waited by the side of the highway for three hours but no one stopped for me.Finally，a man walked over and introduced himself as Gordon.He said that although he couldnt give me a lift，I should come back to his house for lunch.He noticed me standing for hours in the Nove
13、mber heat and thought I must be hungry.I was doubtful as a young girl but he assured(使放心) me I was safe，and he also offered to help me find a lift home afterwards.When we arrived at his house，he made us sandwiches.After lunch，he helped me find a lift home.Twentyfive years later，in 2003，while I was d
14、riving to a nearby town one day，I saw an elderly man standing in the glaring heat，trying to hitch a ride.I thought it was another chance to repay someone for the favour Id been given decades earlier.I pulled over and picked him up.I made him comfortable on the back seat and offered him some water.Af
15、ter a few moments of small talk，the man said to me，“You havent changed a bit，even your red hair is still the same.”I couldnt remember where Id met him.He then told me he was the man who had given me lunch and helped me find a lift all those years ago.It was Gordon.(2013陕西，B)1The author had to hitch
16、a ride one day in 1978 because _.Aher work delayed her trip to SydneyBshe was going home for her holidaysCthe town was far away from SydneyDshe missed the only train back home答案D解析细节理解题。由文章第一段第三句“Unfortunately，the only one train a day back to my home in Sydney had already left.”可知答案为D项。2Which of the
17、 following did Gordon do according to Paragraph 2?AHe helped the girl find a ride.BHe gave the girl a ride back home.CHe bought sandwiches for the girl.DHe watched the girl for three hours.答案A解析细节理解题。由文章第二段最后一句可知，B项“he gave”不正确，应为“he found”；由文章第二段倒数第二句可知，C项“he bought”不对，应为“he made”。3The reason why t
18、he author offered a lift to the elderly man was that _.Ashe realized he was GordonBshe had known him for decadesCshe was going to the nearby town Dshe wanted to repay the favour she once got答案D解析细节理解题。由文章第三段第二句“I thought it was another chance to repay someone for the favour Id been given decades ear
19、lier.”可知，作者曾经受过别人的帮助，而她要帮助其他人作为回报。4What does the author want to tell the readers through the story?AGiving sometimes produces nice results.BThose who give rides will be repaid.CGood manners bring about happiness.DPeople should offer free rides to others.答案A解析写作意图题。作者用第三段第二句话点明了她的意图。她要告诉读者：就像那位好心人一样，
20、帮助别人就等于帮助自己。BOne of the greatest contributors to the first Oxford English Dictionary was also one of its most unusual.In 1879，Oxford University in England asked Prof.James Murray to serve as editor for what was to be the most ambitious dictionary in the history of the English language.It would inclu
21、de every English word possible and would give not only the definition but also the history of the word and quotations(引文) showing how it was used.This was a huge task，so Murray had to find volunteers from Britain，the United States，and the British colonies to search every newspaper，magazine，and book
22、ever written in English.Hundreds of volunteers responded，including William Chester Minor.Dr.Minor was an American surgeon who had served in the Civil War and was now living in England.He gave his address as “Broadmoor，Crowthorne，Berkshire”，50 miles from Oxford.Minor joined the army of volunteers sen
23、ding words and quotations to Murray.Over the next 17 years，he became one of the staffs most valued contributors.But he was also a mystery.In spite of many invitations，he would always decline to visit Oxford.So in 1897，Murray finally decided to travel to Crowthorne himself.When he arrived，he found Mi
24、nor locked in a booklined cell at the Broadmoor Asylum(精神病院) for the Criminally Insane.Murray and Minor became friends，sharing their love of words.Minor continued contributing to the dictionary，sending in more than 10,000 submissions in 20 years.Murray continued to visit Minor regularly，sometimes ta
25、king walks with him around the asylum grounds.In 1910，Minor left Broadmoor for an asylum in his native America.Murray was at the port to wave goodbye to his remarkable friend.Minor died in 1920，seven years before the first edition of the Oxford English Dictionary was completed.The 12 volumes defined
26、 414,825 words，and thousands of them were contributions from a very scholarly and devoted asylum patient.(2012山东，B)5According to the text，the first Oxford English Dictionary_.Acame out before Minor diedBwas edited by an American volunteerCincluded the English words invented by MurrayDwas intended to
27、 be the most ambitious English dictionary答案D解析细节理解题。由文章最后一段第一句可知A项错误；由文章第一段中的“In 1879，Oxford University in England asked Prof.James Murray to serve as editor.”可知词典是由英国人Murray编辑的，而后文提到的美国人Minor只是个捐稿人，故B项错误；C项表示“包括了Murray发明的所有单词”，文中未提及本细节，故错误；由文章第一段中“.serve as editor for what was to be the most ambiti
28、ous dictionary in the history of the English language.”可知D项正确。6How did Dr.Minor contribute to the dictionary?AHe helped Murray to find hundreds of volunteers.BHe sent newspapers，magazines and books to Murray.CHe provided a great number of words and quotations.DHe went to England to work with Murray.
29、答案C解析细节理解题。文章第二段提到Murray找志愿者而不是Minor帮着找，故A项错误；B项文中并未提及；由第三段中的“Minor joined the army of volunteers sending words and quotations to Murray.”可知C项正确；由第四段中“.he would always decline to visit Oxford.”可知D项错误。7Why did Dr.Minor refuse to visit Oxford?AHe was shut in an asylum.BHe lived far from Oxford.CHe was
30、 busy writing a book.DHe disliked traveling.答案A解析细节理解题。由第四段中的“When he arrived，he found Minor locked in a booklined cell at the Broadmoor Asylum.”可知选A项。8Prof.Murray and Dr.Minor became friends mainly because_.Athey both served in the Civil WarBthey had a common interest in wordsCMinor recovered with
31、the help of MurrayDMurray went to America regularly to visit Minor答案B解析推理判断题。文章只在第二段提到Minor served in the Civil War，故可排除A项；文中并未提及“在Murray的帮助下Minor康复了”这件事，故C项错误；由文章第五段可以看出，Murray是到离Oxford不远的Broadmoor去拜访Minor，这是在英国，而不是去了美国，故D项错误；由文章第五段第一句“Murray and Minor became friends，sharing their love of words.”可知
32、B项正确。9Which of the following best describes Dr.Minor?ABrave and determined.BCautious and friendly.CConsiderate and optimistic.DUnusual and scholarly.答案D解析推理判断题。通读全文及文章最后一句我们不难看出，Minor身为精神病患者却参与志愿者队伍，为牛津英语大词典作出了贡献，这是非比寻常的，而且他也是一个知识渊博的人，故D项正确。10What does the text mainly talk about?AThe history of the
33、English language.BThe friendship between Murray and Minor.CMinor and the first Oxford English Dictionary.DBroadmoor Asylum and its patients.答案C解析主旨大意题。纵观全文及前面的分析我们知道，本文主要讲的是Murray与Minor，特别是Minor为第一本牛津英语大词典所作的贡献，故只有C项最能概括文章的主旨。.短文填词There are many advantages of smiling.It can not only make us happy，bu
34、t also _(使高兴；使满意)others. 1.pleaseIf we smile at life，life will smile on us in r_.So I want2.returnto smile at all whenever and wherever _. 3.possibleFirst，I would like to smile at my parents b_ they have 4.becausegiven me life and take all the t_ to bring me up. 5.troubleThey arrange almost everythi
35、ng for me._ their help， 6.WithI have made great p_.I would like to say “Thank you” 7.progressto them with a smile.Then my smile should go to myself，for only in this way can I gain more _(信心) 8.confidencein smiling my troubles away and live a better _. 9.lifeIn a word，lets _(迎接) every day with a smile.Tomorrow is another day.10.greet9