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1、大多数形容词（性质形容词）和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。1) 规则变化单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est 来构成比较级和最高级。构成法原级比较级最高级一般单音节词tall(高的 ) taller tallest 未尾加 -er,-est great( 巨大的 ) greater greatest 以不发音的e 结尾 nice( 好的 ) nicer nicest 的单音词和少数large( 大的 ) larger largest 以- le 结尾的双able （有能力的 )
2、 abler ablest 音节词只加 -r,-st 以一个辅音字母big(大的 ) bigger biggest 结尾的闭音节单hot 热的 ) hotter hottest 音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加 -er，-est 以辅音字母 +y easy( 容易的 ) easier easiest 结尾的双音节词，busy( 忙的 ) busier busiest 改 y 为 i，再加-er，-est 少数以 -er， -ow clever( 聪明的 ) cleverer cleverest 结尾的双音节词narrow( 窄的 ) narrower narrowest 未尾加 -er， -e
3、st 其他双音节词和important( 重要的 ) 多音节词，在前more important 面加 more ，most most important 来构成比较级和easily( 容易地 ) 最高级。more easily most easily 2) 不规则变化原级比较级最高级good( 好的 )/ better best well( 健康的 ) bad ( 坏的 )/ worse worst ill(有病的 ) old ( 老的 ) older/elder oldest/eldest much/many( 多的 ) more most little( 少的 ) less least
4、far ( 远的 ) farther/further farthest/furthest as + 形容词或副词原级+ as 1）在否定句或疑问句中可用so as 。He cannot run so/as fast as you. 2）当 as as 中间有名词时采用以下格式。as + 形容词 + a + 单数名词as + many/much +名词This is as good an example as the other is. I can carry as much paper as you can. 3）用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时，放在as 的前面。This room i
5、s twice as big as that one. Your room is the same size as mine. 4) 倍数 + as + adj. + as 倍数 + then + of This bridge is three times as long as that one. This bridge is three times the length of that one. Your room is twice as large as mine. Your room is twice the size of mine. 比较级形容词或副词+ than You are t
6、aller than I. They lights in your room are as bright as those in mine. 注意：1）要避免重复使用比较级。(错) He is more cleverer than his brother. (对) He is more clever than his brother. (对) He is clever than his brother. 2）要避免将主语含在比较对象中。(错) China is larger that any country in Asia. (对) China is larger than any other
7、 countries in Asia. 3）要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out. 4）要注意冠词的使用，后有名词的时候，前面才有可能有名词。比较： Which is large, Canada or Australia? Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia? She is taller than her two sist
8、ers. She is the taller of the two sisters. 可修饰比较级的词1）a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等2）还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。3）以上词 (除 by far) 外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。典型例题 : 1） - Are you feeling _? - Yes ， Im fine now. A. any well B. any better C. quite good D.
9、quite better 答案： B. any 可修饰比较级，quite 修饰原级， well 的比较级为better. 2）The experiment was_ easier than we had expected. A. more B. much more C. much D. more much 答案： C. much 可修饰比较级，因此B，C 都说得通，但easier 本身已是比较级，不需more ，因此 C 为正确答案。3）If there were no examinations, we should have _ at school. A. the happiest time
10、 B. a more happier time C. much happiest time D. a much happier time 答案： D。many,old 和 far 1) 如果后接名词时，much more +不可数名词many more + 可数名词复数2) old 有两种比较级和最高级形式: older/oldest 和 elder/eldest 。 elder ，eldest 只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。My elder brother is an engineer. Mary is the eldest of the three sisters. 3) far 有两种比较级
11、，farther ，further. 在英语中两者都可指距离。在美语中， father 表示距离， further 表示进一步。I have nothing further to say. the + 最高级+ 比较范围1) The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world. 形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词the ，副词最高级前可不用。形容词 most 前面没有the ，不表示最高级的含义，只表示非常 。It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem. 注意：使用最高级要注
12、意将主语包括在比较范围内。(错) Tom is the tallest of his three brothers. (对) Tom is the tallest of the three brothers. 2) 下列词可修饰最高级，by far, far, much, mostly, almost This hat is nearly / almost the biggest. 注意：a. very 可修饰最高级，但位置与much 不同。This is the very best. This is much the best. b. 序数词通常只修饰最高级。Africa is the se
13、cond largest continent. 3) 句型转换：Mike is the most intelligent in his class. Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class. 4) 否定词语 +比较级 ，否定词语 + so as结构表示最高级含义。Nothing is so easy as this. =Nothing is easier than this. =This is the easiest thing. 和 more 有关的词组1) the more the more 越 就越 Th
14、e harder you work，the greater progress youll make. 2) more B than A 与其说 A 不如说 B less A than B He is more lazy than slow at his work. = He is less slow than lazy at his work. 3) no more than 与 一样 ，不比 多The officials could see no more than the Emperor. no less than 与 一样 He is no less diligent than you.
15、 4) more than 不只是，非常She is more than kind to us all. 典型例题1）The weather in China is different from_. A. in America B. one in America C. America D. that in America 答案： D. 本题意为 中国的天气比美国热。比较的是天气而不是国家，C 不能选。 A 没有名词，后句成分不全，排除。 B 和 D 中，B 中的 one 常用来代替可数名词，而that 可车以代替不可数或抽象名词，所以选D。2） After the new technique
16、was introduced， the factory produced _ tractors in 1988 as the year before. A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as 答案 C. 此句意为 这个厂 1988 能生产的拖拉机是往年的两倍。 表示倍数用 倍数 + as + 形容词原形 + as +比较对象 的句型。所以此句答案为C。This ruler is three times as long as that one. 形容词和副词比较级、最高级练习题一、选择填空1. Whi
17、ch does Jimmy like _ , Chinese or Art? A. well B. best C. better D. much 2. The Changjiang River is one of _ in the world. A. the longest river B. longest rivers C. the longest rivers D. longer rivers 3. The box is _than I wanted. A. biger B. the biger C. bigger D. the bigger 4. My mooncake is nicer
18、 _ his. A. like B. with C. for D. than 5. You are fatter than _ . A. he B. his C. him D. he is tall 6. He jumps _ of the three. A. far B. further C. farthest D. furthest 7. My hair is longer than _ . A. my sister B. Kate C. my brothers D. Lucys8. There are _ paper here .Please bring some. A. little
19、B. less C. fewer D. a little 9. The pen is _ than that one. A. more cheap B. cheap C. much cheaper D. quite cheaper 10.Tom speaks Chinese _ better than Jimmy. A. more B. very C. a lot of D. much 11.There are _ girls in Class Two than in Class Four. A. more B. nicest C. most D. best 12.It s too _ for
20、 you to do that. A. easy B. more dangerous C. harder D. the easiest 13.Who has _ apples now, Jim, Lily or Lucy? A. much B. biggest C. better D. the most 14.You have more rulers than me. But _ are nicer than _ . A. mine, yours B. mine, your C. my, yours D. my, your 15.Tingting is _ than Meimei, but M
21、eimei is _ than Tingting. A. all, stronger B. taller, strongest C. tallest, strong D. taller, stronger 16.Mother is _ in my family. A. busy B. busier C. the busiest D. more busy 17.There are _ in the park on Sunday. A. more children B. a lot of people C. much men and women D. many peoples 18.-This b
22、lue sweater is too big for me .-Will you please show me a _ one? A. small B. smaller C. the smallest D. smallest 19.No one is _ Mary in the class. A. so tallest as B. as taller as C. so high as D. so tall as 20. This bike is _ than that one. A. twenty yuan dear B. twenty yuan dearer C. dear twenty y
23、uan D. dearer twenty yuan 二、用所给词的适当形式填空1.Your classroom is _ (wide) and _ (bright) than ours. 2.There are _ (few) hours of sunlight a day in winter than in summer. 3.Which do you like _ (well) , maths or chemistry? 4.This is the _ (good) film I have ever seen. 5.Africa is the second _ (large) contin
24、ent. 6.What he said made his mother much _ (angry) . 7.I m not as_ (careful) as he. 8.We ve got as_ (many) books as we need. 9.Pratice as _ (much) as you can. 10.They have done _ (much) work with _ (little) money. 11.You re the _ _ (kind) person I ve ever met.12.He is _ (young) than his two sisters.
25、 13.The _ (old) I get, the _ (strong) I seem to feel. 14.The weather is getting _ (warm) and _ (warm) . 15.Summer is _ (hot) season of the year. 参考答案 CCDDA CDBCD AADAD CBBDB 参考答案 1. wider, brighter 2. fewer 3. better 4. best 5. largest 6. angry 7. careful 8. many 9. much 10. more, less 11. kindest 12. younger 13. older, stronger, 14. warmer, warmer 15. the hottest