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1、年代80初中英语第四册年代80初中英语第四册 xxxx.doc 长征录入 初中英语课本第四册 LESSON 1 DRILLS （句型练习） When shall we visit the Science Museum?Sometime next week. A Shall Iget some chalk? change the maps on the wall? return these books to the library? Yes, please. (No, thanks. Let Li Ping do it) B What shall we do in our English cla
2、ss tomorrow? Well go over the new words. have a test. talk about some pictures. C A:When shall we havethe class meeting? the English evening? the talk on the history of the party? Next Wednesday afternoon. Where shall we have it? In the meeting-room. xxxxE （对话） LET ME HELP YOU W Woman L Liu mei P Po
3、liceman H Husband (At a street corner.) W (Looking very worried): Oh, dear! What shall I do? (Liu Mei is on her way to see a film, but she stops.) What s the matter, Granny? Can I help you? I m here to see my husband. Hes in hospital. He wrote the name of the hospital in his letter, but I cantfind t
4、he letter now. what shall I do? It s not in any of your pockets? No. Maybe you put it in your basket. 1 页 xxxx.doc 长征录入 (looking in her basket): Ah, yes, here it is!(She shows it to Liu Mei.) Yes, this is it. How can I get there? I dontknow the way. I don t, either, Granny. I ll ask the policeman. (
5、Runs to the policeman at the corner.) Excuse me, which is the way to the East Street Hospital? Go down this street, then turn right at the second crossing. At the end of the road youll find the hospital. It s about half an hours walk. But you can get there by bus. Which bus shall I take? The No.3 bu
6、s over there. Itll take you right there. L:Thank you. (Runs back to the old woman.) Granny, the hospital is a bit far from here. Shall we go by bus? All right. (Twenty minutes later the old woman finds her husband. How happy they are to see each other!) But how did you get here? This little girl bro
7、ught me. Which girl? (They look around but Liu Mei is already gone) What a good girl! (Liu Mei is very late for the film, but she doesntmind.) xxxx （语法） 冠词 ( The Article) 冠词是一种虚词， 放在名词的前面， 帮助说明名词的含义。 冠词分不定冠词（ The Indefinite Article ）和定冠词（ The Definite Article ）两种。 a(an)是不定冠词，a 用在辅音之前，如 a book, a man
8、; an 用在元音之前， 如 an old woman, an hour 等。 the 是定冠词。 1、不定冠词的用法 1) 指人或事物的某一种类。这是不定冠词a (an) 的基本用法 。如： I am a boy. Pass mean apple, please. 指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。如： A boy is waiting for you. He borrowed a story-book from the library. 3) 表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one 强烈。如： I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes. 4) 用于
9、某些固定词组中。 如： a bit, a few, a little, a lot of, a piece of, a cup 2 页 xxxx.doc 长征录入 of, a glass of, a pile of 等。 2、定冠词的用法 1) 特指某些人或某些事物。这是定冠词 the 的基本用法 。如： Beijing is the capital of China. The book on the desk is mine（.特指桌上的那本书。 注意名词 book 被 短语 on the desk 所限定。） 2) 指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。如： Where is the teacher
10、? （双方都知道指的是哪一位教师。 ） Open the window, please. （双方都知道指的是哪一扇窗。 ） 指上文提过的人或事物。如： There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms. The baby was thin. 用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如： The earth is bigger thanthe moon, but smaller thanthe sun. 用在序数词和形容词的最高级前。如： Mr Green taught the fi
11、rst class. Alice is the tallest in her class. 用在某些专有名词前。如： the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the History Museum, the Science Museum, the Capital Stadium, the Childrens Palace,the East Street Hospital,the Party 等。 7) 用在一些习惯用语中。 如：in the day, in the morning (afternoon, evening), the day after tomorro
12、w, the day before yesterday, the next morning, by the way 等。 3、下列情况中一般不用冠词 在专有名词和不可数名词前。 如：China, Grade Two, Class Three, science, chalk, ink, paper, water, tea, milk等。 名词前已有做定语的 this, that, my, your, some, any等代词。如： The letter is in her basket. Go down this street. 复数名词表示一类人或事物时。如： My father and mo
13、ther are teachers. She likes reading stories. 在节日、日期、月份、季节前。如： Today is New Years Day. It is Sunday (Monday, Tuesday, etc) March 8 is Womens Day. It is cold in winter. 在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前。如： Whatsthe matter,Granny ? 3 页 xxxx.doc 长征录入 This is Comrade Wang. 在某些习惯用语中的名词前。 如：at moon, at night, at first, at la
14、st, by bus, in bed, in time, in front of, go to school, go to bed等。 在三餐饭和球类运动名称前。如： He goes to school afterbreakfast. We are going to play football. LESSON 2 DRILLS （句型练习） What were your parents doing at eight last night? Mum was sewing. And Dad was reading. A Were you at home yesterday evening? B:Y
15、es. I wasdoing some cooking. doing some washing. learning English on the radio. Were you doing the same thing at that time? No, I wasnt. I was doing my homework. B A:Whatwere youdoing this time yesterday? were Tom and Peter was Jenny B:We werecopying the new text. They were She was TEXT （课文） THE MON
16、KEY AND THE xxxxLE One day a little monkey was playing in a tall tree by the river. A crocodile was swimming slowly near the bank with her baby. She looked around for some food. Suddenly she saw the monkey“Aha,. theres my meal,”she thought. She then turned to her son,“Do you love me, Son?” “Why, of
17、course, Mum!”the baby crocodile said. “Well then, you catch that monkey and give me his heart to eat”. “But how can I? ”the baby crocodile asked.“Monkeys cantswim, and I cantclimb trees”. “You needntclimb the tree,”his mother said.“Use your head, then youll find a way.” 4 页 xxxx.doc 长征录入 The baby cr
18、ocodile thought hard. The he had an idea. He swam near the tree and shouted,“Hey, Monkey! Would you like some bananas?” “Bananas! Mm! I love them,”said the monkey.“But where are they?” “On the other side of the river. There are some banana trees there, and they have lots of bananas on themI.ll take
19、you there on my back”. “Good,”the monkey came down and jumped onto the crocodilesback. (To be continued) xxxx （语法） 疑问句 ( The Interrogative Sentence) 英语的疑问句有四种： 一般疑问句、 特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问 句。 1、一般疑问句(The General Question) yes 或 no 回到的疑问句， 叫做一般疑问句。 这种疑问句通常是把动 be 或 have，助动词或情态动词放在主语之前，说时用升调。如： Is she a wor
20、ker? Have you any paper? Does he study English? 2、特殊疑问句(The Special Question) what， who，which 等疑问代词和 when，where，why，how 等疑问 副词引起的疑问句，叫做特殊疑问句。这种疑问句不能用yes 或 no 回答， 说时用降低。如： Whatsthis? Who sthe boy over there? When do you get up? 3、选择疑问句(The Alternative Question) 提出两种或两种以上的情况，要求对方选择一种，这种疑问句叫做选 择疑问句。它的结
21、构是“一般疑问句+ or +一般疑问句”，但常把后面一部 分里面和前一部分相同的成分省略。说时 or 前面部分用升调，后面部分用降调。如： Is her brother a doctor or a teacher? Do you want a newspaper or a magazine? Shall we have a meeting this week or next? 4、反意疑问句(The Disjunctive Question) 在陈述句之后附上一个简短问句，对陈述句所叙述的事实提出相反的疑问，这种疑问句叫做反意疑问句。如前一部分为肯定式，后一部分用否定式。反之，如前一部分为否定
22、式，后一部分就用肯定式。说时，反意疑问句的前一部分用降调，后一部分，在表示疑问时用升调，在表示强调时用降调。如： 5 页 xxxx.doc 长征录入 Hes a teacher, isnthe?他是教师，是不是？ Shes a nurse, isntshe?她是护士，不是吗？ 对反意疑问句的回答，不管问题的提法如何，若事实是肯定的，就要用 yes，事实是否定的，就要用 no。这和汉语不一样，应特别注意。如： He isnta worker, is he?他不是工人，是吗？ Yes, he is.不，他是工人。 No, he isnt.对，他不是工人。 LESSON 3 DRILLS （句型练习
23、） I was cooking when she knocked at the door. A You saw the boys in the classroom just now, didntyou? Yes, I did. A:What were they doing? B:They weredoing maths exerciseswhen I left. drawing a map of the world putting up some pictures on the wall B A:Did you see your teacher in the office? B:Yes, I
24、did. A:Was she having a meeting? B:No, she wasnt. She wastalking to some parentswhen I saw her. going over our exercises preparing the new lesson with other teachers TEXT （课文） THE MONKEY AND THE xxxxLE (Continued) Soon they were in the middle of the river. Suddenly the crocodile went down under the
25、water. When he came up again, the monkey was all wet. “ Dondot that! ”the monkey cried. “Dontdo that again! I cantswim, you know.” “Iknow, but I have to,”answered the crocodile“.My mother wants to eat your heart.” The little monkey was clever.“Why didn tyou tell me earlier?”he asked. “My heart isnth
26、ere with me. I left it in that tree over there.” 6 页 xxxx.doc 长征录入 “Then well have to go back for it. Mother doesntwant you without your heart.”The crocodile turned and swam back to the bank. Soon they reached the bank. The monkey jumped off the crocodile at once, picked up a big stone and quickly c
27、limbed up the tree. The crocodile waited and waited. As he was waiting, he suddenly heard a voice from above: “Hey, Crocodile!” The crocodile looked up. The monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail and laughing. “Heres my heart. Come up and get it. Dontkeep your mother waiting? You cantcome up?
28、Well, catch!” With these words, he threw the big stone at the crocodile. xxxx （语法） 过去进行时(The Past Continuous Tense) 1、过去进行时由“ was (were) + 现在分词”构成。 2、过去进行时的用法：表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。 这一特定的过去时间， 除有上下文暗示以外， 一般用时间状语来表示。 如： 1） A: What were you doing this time yesterday? B: We were cleaning the classroom
29、. 2） Mum was doing some washingyesterday evening. 3） The teacher was talking to some parentswhen I saw her. 3、一般过去时与过去进行时用法比较：一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，而过去进行时则表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作。如： Mary wrote a letter to her friend last night. 玛丽昨晚给她的朋友写了封信。 （信写完了） Mary was writing a letter to her friend last night. 玛丽
30、昨晚一直在给她的朋友写信。 （信不一定写完） LESSON 4 DRILLS （句型练习） When did you go go the Childrens Palace? I went there after I finished my homework. A A:Was it rainingwhen you came to schoolyesterday? when school was over when you took your grandmother to the hospital Yes, it was. It was raining hard.（No, it wasnt. Bu
31、t the ground was quite wet） 7 页 xxxx.doc 长征录入 B A:Where did your brother studybefore he became an artist? before he went to college? before he joined the army? He studied at the No. 2 Middle School. C When did you go to bed last night? B:I went to bed at about tenafter I did my homework. after I wro
32、te a letter to my grandfather. after the TV play was over TEXT （课文） IT S UNFAIR Jenny was a good girl, but she had one shortcoming. She was often late for school. One morning when she came in late, Mr Black, her teacher, got angry. “ Illwrite to your father if you arenthere on time tomorrow,”he told
33、 her. Jenny didntwant him to do that becauseher parents were very strict with her. The next day she got up very early and went to school without breakfast. When the bell rang, she was waiting in her seat. The door opened and the teacher came in. But it wasntMr Black. It was Miss Green. Mr Black was
34、ill, so she was taking his class instead. How disappointed Jenny was! The next morning Jenny got up even earlier. After a quick breakfast she hurried to school. Just before she got to school gate, she stopped. There was a wallet lying on the ground. She picked it up.“Whose is this?”she wondered. As
35、she stood there, she heard the first bell.“What shall I do? ”she asked herself. “ Illturn it in first, ”she decided. And so she did. When she hurried into her classroom,Mr Black was already beginning his lesson. “Jenny White,”he said as soon as he saw her“Didn. tI tell you to be here on time?” (To b
36、e continued) xxxx （语法） 句子的类型(Types of Sentences) 1、简单句(The Simple Sentence) 由一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）构成的句子叫简单 8 页 xxxx.doc 长征录入 句。如： I get up at six in the morning. My sister and I go to school together. 2、并列句(The Compound Sentence) 由并列连词 (如 and, so, but, yet, or等)把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子叫并列句。如： I help
37、 him and he helps me. Mr Black was ill, so she was taking his class instead. Zhang Ying likes English, but he needs help. You can draw a good horse in five minutes, yet you kept me waiting for a year. 3、复合句(The Complex Sentence) 由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。例如： I lltell him as soon as I see him(.状语从句 )
38、 When the crocodile came up again,the monkey was all wet. (状语从句 ) I llgo to see you if I have time. (状语从句 ) I think you can find him at home.( 宾语从句 ) LESSON 5 DRILLS （句型练习） Will you go with me to the zoo this afternoon? Yes, I will if the rain stops. A Will you please give this note to Tom? B:Certai
39、nly. I llgive it to himas soon as he comes back. as soon as I see him. as soon as school is over. (Sorry, I wontbe able to see him today.) B Will you go with me to the cinema this afternoon? B:Yes, I willif I m fine. if my mother lets me. if we don thave any homework. C Will the swimming pool be ope
40、n today? No, it won t. Why not? 9 页 xxxx.doc 长征录入 B:Becausetheyre cleaning the pool. theyre changing the water. theyre making repairs. TEXT （课文） IT S UNFAIR (Continued) “ Imsorry, sir,”Jenny tried to explain.“I was late because I had to?.” “Iwill not listen to any excuse,”Mr Black stopped her. “If y
41、ou can tget here on time,I ll have to write to your father”. “But Mr Black, that s? thats unfair!” “Unfair! How dare you say that?”Mr Black said angrily. “Ill report you to the headmaster!” “Iwas only trying to do a good deed,”Jenny thought,“and now ?. ”She couldntkeep back her tears. As soon as the
42、 bell rang for the break, the door opened and in came Mr Smith, the headmaster. He was holding a wallet in his hand. “Excuse me, Mr Black,”he said,“but is this wallet yours?” “Why, yes. It is mine”.Mr Black was surprised. “Ididntknow I lost it.” “One of our girls found it and turned it in just before school started,”Mr Smith said. “Oh? Who was it?”Mr Black asked. “Imust thank her”. “It was Jenny White.” Mr Blacks face slowly turned red. He looked at Jenny and said, “ Im very sorry, Jenny. I take b