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1、Section AGrammar FocusIs it made of silver?It was made in Thailand.What is the model plane made of?Where is tea produced in China?How is it grown?It is planted on the side of mountains.They are picked by hand and then are sent for processing.Read the sentences below, paying attention to the underlin
2、ed parts.被动语态被动语态 (Passive Voice)结构结构: be + V-p.p.am / are / is + 动词的过去分词动词的过去分词一般现在时的被动语态一般现在时的被动语态:Many people speak English. 主动句与被动句之间的转换主动句与被动句之间的转换English is spoken by many people.主语主语 谓语动词主动语态的过去式谓语动词主动语态的过去式 宾语宾语主语主语 谓语动词被动语态的过去分词谓语动词被动语态的过去分词 介词介词+ 宾语宾语主动句变为被动句所遵循的主动句变为被动句所遵循的4个步骤：个步骤：1. 把原主
3、动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语。把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语。2. 把动词变为被动形式即把动词变为被动形式即be+过去分词，并注意过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。保持不变。3. 原主动句的主语如需要则放在原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它后面以它 的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。可省略。4. 其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。1.People play football all over the world.2. The old m
4、an on TV tells a story on Sunday.3. Students listen to the kind teacher carefully. Football is played all over the world by people.A story is told by the old man on TV on Sunday.The kind teacher is listened to by students carefully. 把下列的主动句变为被动句。把下列的主动句变为被动句。1) Sunglasses _ (use) for protecting peop
5、les eyes. 2) A picture _ (put) up on the blackboard. 3) French _ (speak) in France. are usedis putis spoken用所给动词的正确形式填空。用所给动词的正确形式填空。4) Which language _ the most widely _ (speak) in the world?5) The students _ often _ (tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.6) Vegetables, eggs and fruits _ (se
6、ll) in this shop.isspokenaretold are sold1. Tea is grown in South China.（改为主动语（改为主动语态）态） People _ _ in South China.2. People use metal for making machines. (改改为被动语态为被动语态) Metal _ _ _ making machines.growtea按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。 isusedfor3. They produce silk in Suzhou. (改为被动句改为被动句) Silk _ _
7、in Suzhou.4. We call maths the language of science. (改改为被动句为被动句)Maths _ _ the language of science.isproducediscalled1. Cotton (棉花棉花) _ in the southeast of China.A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow2. The Great Wall _ all over the world.A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was knownA选择正确答案。选择正确答案。 C3
8、. In some parts of the world, tea _ with milk and sugar.A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served4. Do you often clean your classroom? Yes. Our classroom _ every day. A. clean B. cleans C. is cleaned D. is cleaning BC被动语态的几种句型被动语态的几种句型1. 肯定句肯定句 主语主语 + be + 过去分词过去分词 + (by)A sweet song is sung by
9、 her on the stage.2. 否定句否定句 主语主语 + be + not +过去分词过去分词 + (by)3. 一般疑问句一般疑问句 Be + 主语主语 +过去分词过去分词 + (by)? A sweet song isnt sung by her on the stage.Is a sweet song sung by her on the stage?4. 特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 疑问词疑问词 + be + 主语主语 +过去分词过去分词 + (by)?Where is a sweet song sung by her? 1. Do you water your flowers
10、every day?(变变为被动句为被动句)2. Trees and flowers are planted every year to make our country more beautiful. (变为疑变为疑问句问句)Are your flowers watered by you every day?Are trees and flowers planted every year to make our country more beautiful？按要求改写下列句子。按要求改写下列句子。3. This English song is sung by the girls after
11、class. 改为否定句改为否定句改为一般疑问句，并做肯定和否定回答改为一般疑问句，并做肯定和否定回答对划线提问对划线提问This English song is not sung by the girls after class.Is this English song sung by the girls after class?When is this English song sung by the girls?被动语态的运用被动语态的运用:（1） 不知道谁是动作的执行者或没不知道谁是动作的执行者或没 有必要知道谁是动作的执行者时。有必要知道谁是动作的执行者时。The house is
12、quite old. It was built in 1950. 这座房子太旧了，它是这座房子太旧了，它是1950年建的。年建的。When will the road be opened to traffic? 这条路什么时候通车这条路什么时候通车?（2） 需要强调动作的对象即宾语时。需要强调动作的对象即宾语时。 Calculator cant be used in the math exam. 计算器不能用于数学考试。计算器不能用于数学考试。 He was awarded first prize in that contest. 他在比赛中获得了第一。他在比赛中获得了第一。 有时为了礼貌等原
13、因不愿说出行为者有时为了礼貌等原因不愿说出行为者,这时也常用被动语态。这时也常用被动语态。The construction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month. 新实验室必须在下个月底前完工。新实验室必须在下个月底前完工。You are requested to give a performance. 请你给我们表演一个节目。请你给我们表演一个节目。（3） 主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项：主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项： 含有双宾语，即直接宾语含有双宾语，即直接宾语(常指事物常指事物)和间和间接宾语接宾语(常指人常
14、指人)的句子，每个宾语都可变的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。 Jack told us the truth.We were told the truth by Jack. The truth was told (to) us by Jack. He passes me the football. (改成被动语态改成被动语态)I _ _ the football by him.The football _ _ _ me by him.ampassedispassedto 动词的主
15、动形式表示被动之意动词的主动形式表示被动之意 1). 系动词无被动语态：以主动形式表示被动系动词无被动语态：以主动形式表示被动之意。常见的系动词有：之意。常见的系动词有： be动词动词, look, seem, appear, feel, sound, smell, taste等等 It smells terrible. 2).下列动词下列动词(词组词组)没有被动式：没有被动式： happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, take An accident happened yesterday. 注注 意意3). 不及物动词不及物动词sell
16、, wash, read, write, open, close, shut, lock, wear等，常用主动形式表示等，常用主动形式表示被动意义。被动意义。 This book sells well. 这本书畅销。这本书畅销。 The kind of cloth washes well. 这种布很容易洗。这种布很容易洗。 4). 在英语口语中，有时可用在英语口语中，有时可用“get+过去分过去分词词”构成被动语态。如：构成被动语态。如： I got dressed as quickly as l could. 我尽快穿上衣服。我尽快穿上衣服。这样结构比较常见的搭配有：这样结构比较常见的搭配
17、有：get arrested, get caught, get dressed, get drowned, get drunk, get lost, get married等。等。 A: Where are ?B: They are in grow in Brazilgrow in Colombiagrow in Chinagrow in CanadaA: Where is / are ?B: It is / They are in followed by interviewed by【2013江苏常州江苏常州】This listening material, together with it
18、s CD-ROMs, _ well. A. sells B. sell C. is sold D. are sold【解析解析】某些可以和某些可以和well, easily, smoothly等等副词连用的不及物动词如副词连用的不及物动词如read, write, wash, clean, draw, cook, sell, lock, open等等, 且主语是且主语是非生命的名词或代词非生命的名词或代词, 用主动结构表被动含义。用主动结构表被动含义。本句的主语为本句的主语为This listening material为第三人为第三人称单数称单数; sell well意为意为“畅销畅销”。句
19、意为。句意为“这这个听力材料以及它的光盘很畅销。个听力材料以及它的光盘很畅销。”故选故选A。【2013河南河南】 Excuse me. Im looking for Be the Best of Yourself. Sorry. The book you ask for_ out. A. is selling B. is sold C. was selling D. will be sold【解析解析】主语主语the book和动词和动词sell构成被动关构成被动关系，又时态为一般现在时，因此用一般现在系，又时态为一般现在时，因此用一般现在时的被动语态。答语句意时的被动语态。答语句意“对不起，
20、你要的对不起，你要的书已售完书已售完”。故选。故选B。【2013广西南宁广西南宁】 Han Hans books are popular. They _ by many teenagers. A. is read B. was read C. are read D. were read【解析解析】由上句可知韩寒的书很受欢迎，用由上句可知韩寒的书很受欢迎，用一般现在时；主语一般现在时；主语they是复数形式，故答案是复数形式，故答案选选C项。项。【2013湖北宜昌湖北宜昌】 At present, one of the best ways to study is working in group
21、s. More chances _ to students to learn from each other. A. offer B. are offered C. have offered D. are offering 【解析解析】句子大意为句子大意为“小组学习为学生提供小组学习为学生提供了更多相互学习的机会了更多相互学习的机会”。“机会机会”和和“提提供供”之间存在被动关系，须用被动语态。四之间存在被动关系，须用被动语态。四个选项中，只有个选项中，只有are offered为被动语态。故选为被动语态。故选B。【2013湖北襄阳湖北襄阳】 Didnt you see the sign “N
22、o Parking!” on the right? Sorry, I didnt. But now I know parking _ here. A. wasnt allowed B. isnt allowed C. wont allow D. doesnt allow【解析解析】由上句中的由上句中的“No Parking!”可知，可知，停车不被允许，根据时间状语停车不被允许，根据时间状语now可知，考可知，考察一般现在时态的被动语态，故选察一般现在时态的被动语态，故选B。【2013广东梅州广东梅州】The child without parents _ good care of by his
23、 teachers in this special school. A. is taken B. are taken C. take D. takes 【解析解析】主语主语the child与动词短语与动词短语take care of之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故选语态。故选A。【2013浙江宁波浙江宁波】 Have you finished your project? Not yet. Ill finish it if I _ ten more minutes. A. give B. am given C. will give D. will
24、 be given【解析解析】句意句意“如果再给我十分钟我会完成如果再给我十分钟我会完成它它”，主语与动词，主语与动词give之间是被动关系，在之间是被动关系，在条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。故选条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。故选B。【2013湖北黄石湖北黄石】This pair of shoes _ hand, and it _ very comfortable. A. is made with; is felt B. are made from; is felt C. are made of; feels D. is made by; feels【解析解析】句意句意: “这双鞋是由
25、手工制成的，它这双鞋是由手工制成的，它感觉起来很舒服感觉起来很舒服”, 主语主语this pair of shoes不能不能执行谓语动词执行谓语动词make, 故用被动语态故用被动语态, 且主语为且主语为第三人称单数形式第三人称单数形式, 用用is made by的被动结构的被动结构; feel为连系动词为连系动词, 不能用被动语态，故选不能用被动语态，故选D。1. Children under 18 _ (not allowed) to watch this show without their parents. 2. We _ (pay) by the boss on the last F
26、riday of each month. 3. A: What language _ (speak) in Germany? B: Most people speak German, but many can speak English, too. are not allowed are paidis spoken4a 4a Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.4. Most of the earths surface _ (cover) by water.5. The classroom
27、 needs to _ (clean) every day. is covered be cleaned2. In China, farmers grow the best rice in the northeast.3. Careless driving causes many traffic accidents.In China, the best rice are grown (by farmers) in the northeast.Many traffic accidents are caused by careless driving.4b 4b Rewrite the sente
28、nces using the passive voice.4. The postman brings letters and postcards to peoples homes.5. Our family does not use this silver plate very often. Letters and postcards are brought to peoples homes (by the postman).This silver plate is not used very often in our family. We should move from “Made in China” to “Created in China”, from “China speed” to “China quality” and from “Chinese products” to “Chinese brands”.