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1、阅读简答（建议用时：20分钟）Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage. 1(2013长沙模拟)Pollution is a growing problem that is facing the international community, but even the actions that we take can make a difference. Littering is creating environm
2、ental problems all over the world and is often created by careless individuals. If we guard our actions against careless littering we can ensure a better world for everyone. Littering is a severe problem in many countries around the world. For example, the African city of Kampala, the capital of Uga
3、nda, is suffering from the consequences of littering. For many years the citys poor and didnt have a proper way to dispose of trash, so garbage filled the streets. Over the years much of the plastic garbage would slowly be pushed into the ground. This plastic litter doesnt allow rain water to seep i
4、nto the ground and has caused flooding. In many of Kampalas poor neighborhoods whenever it rains peoples homes become flooded with water. This water is often dirty and has allowed diseases to spread. This flooding has become so bad that the Ugandan government has banned plastic bags in the entire co
5、untry to stop the littering. Trash often finds its way into the water. Today the worlds oceans are believed to have millions of tons of trash floating around in them. This creates a problem for wildlife because they may accidentally eat the trash and die from it. Scientists have found on very remote
6、 islands baby birds that have died because their stomachs were full of trash. Fish often get tangled in plastic and will also die. Our actions in our own countries affect the most remote parts of the planet. We can all be part of the solution to stop this pollution, just by preventing careless litte
7、ring. If you need to throw something away, dont toss it over your shoulderfind a trash can. If you see a friend littering, tell him not to. By making this small change we can create a better world for all. 1. What does the author say is the cause of littering? (No more than 4 words)_2. How does tras
8、h cause flooding? (No more than 10 words)_3. How can local actions affect the international environment? (No more than 12 words)_4. What does the author suggest to prevent littering? (No more than 7 words)_2Staying calm while parenting a baby can be a difficult task. From losing their temper or talk
9、ing back, babies sometimes act to get your attention. Its important to stay calm when disciplining(训导)your baby, so that you can model patience and keep control of your actions. Practice calming techniques and work to keep you cool even when your child is acting out. Take a BreakWhen your babys beha
10、vior has you see red, take a time out if you feel yourself getting angry. Dont feed into that anger and let yourself get worked up. Separate yourself physically from the situation, if you can be sure to leave your baby alone safely for a minute. At the very least, close your eyes and take a few deep
11、 breaths. Play Make BelieveParents tend to be calmer and less likely to get angry when dealing with other peoples children. So, the next time your baby sends your temper rising, step back and pretend that hes not your baby. Talk to him the way youd speak to a friends child. You may find that you are
12、 able to approach his behavior calmly. PrepareIf you are likely to lose control when parenting your baby, prepare yourself for staying calm ahead of time. Tell yourself that you are not going to submit to anger and stick to it. Give yourself a word or phrase, such as“Relax”or“Let it go”to focus on w
13、hen you feel your temper rising. ReflectIf you find yourself angry enough to yell, dont beat yourself up about it later. Get a notebook and write about what happened and use the notebook as a way to document your moods so that you can better understand your temper in the future. 1. According to the
14、text, how do children behave to get parentsattention? (No more than 8 words)_2. When do parents tend to be calmer according to the passage? (No more than 6 words)_3. How can you reflect on your moods in the future? (No more than 8 words)_4. What does the text mainly talk about? (No more than 10 word
15、s)_【拓展训练】Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 into Chinese. (Passage 2)_答案解析1答案: 1. Careless actions. 2. Plastic litter prevents rain from seeping into the ground. 3. Some pollution can cross borders and harm more than one country. 4. More responsible actions by individuals. 2答案: 1. By losing their temper or talking back. 2. When dealing with other peoples children. 3. Keep/Write down what happened in the notebook. 4. How parents stay calm while parenting a baby. 【拓展训练】如果你能确保孩子能自己安全地待一分钟, 那你自己离开这个场合一会儿。- 4 -