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1、考点1 单项填空一、 名词1.( 2012湖北卷T29) It is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye disease that may not have any.A. symptom B. similarity C. sample D. shadow【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意为:定期检查你的眼睛对核查是否有眼部疾病的迹象很重要,这些眼部疾病可能没有任何症状。symptom 症状;similarity 类似,相似;sample样本,标本;shadow影子。这里指的是眼
2、部疾病的“症状”, 所以应该选A。2.( 2012湖北卷T30) The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct _ in applying for a visa.A. pattern B. procedure C. program D. perspective【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意为:那位官员坚持认为迈克尔在申请签证时没有遵循正确的程序。pattern模式,模板; procedure程序,手续,步骤; program节目; perspective态度,观点。遵循的应该是正确的“程序,手续”, 故正确选项为
3、B。3. (2012山东卷T24) My first of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.A. expression B. attention C. satisfaction D. impression【解析】选D。考查名词。句意为:我对他的第一印象是他是一个善良且有思想的年轻人。expression表达,表示,表情;attention注意,留心;satisfaction满意,满足;impression印象。由句意可知选D。4. (2012福建卷T25) Why do you choose to work in an i
4、nternational travel agency ?Well, you know, English is my .So it is my best choice.A. strength B. talent C. ability D. skill【解析】 选A。考查名词词义。句意为:你为什么选择在国际旅行社工作?噢,你知道,英语是我的强项。因此这是我最好的选择。A项strength长处;B项talent才华,天赋;C项ability能力;D项skill技能。故选A。5.(2012江西卷T29)Youd better write down the phone number of that re
5、staurant for future .A. purpose B. reference C. progress D. memory【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。句意为:为了以后参考,你最好记下那个饭馆的电话号码。A项意为“目的”;B项意为“参考”;C项意为“进步”;D项意为“记忆”。根据句意,选B。6.(2012天津卷T3)You are working too hard. Youd better keep a between work and relaxation.A. promise B. lead C. balanceD. diary【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。句意为:你工作太努力了。你
6、最好保持在工作和放松之间的平衡。promise诺言;lead领先;balance平衡;diary日记。keep a balance为固定短语,意为“保持平衡”,符合句意,故选C。7.(2012浙江卷T7)Youras a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.A.operationB.growth C.performance D.character【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。句意为:如果你养成思考怎样学习的习惯,作为一名学生,你的表现将会是非常优秀的。operation操作
7、,手术;growth增长;performance表现,表演;character性格,特色,角色,人物。8. (2012江苏卷T21)Can I help you with it?I appreciate your, but I can manage it myself.A.adviceB.question C.offerD.idea【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。句意为:需要我帮忙吗?谢谢你帮忙的提议,但我自己能行。A项表示“建议”;B项表示“问题”;C项表示“提议”;D项表示“主意”。9.(2012四川卷T15) He will come to understand your efforts s
8、ooner or later. Its just a matter of.A.luck B.value C.time D.fact【解析】选C。考查名词。句意:他迟早会理解你的努力的。这仅仅是时间的问题。根据句意可知,应选择time。Its just a matter of time.这只是时间的问题。luck运气;value价值,重要性;fact事实。10.(2012全国卷T19) The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are in great _ in this city.A.quantity B.progress C.product
9、ion D.demand【解析】选D。考查名词。句意:哈利波特丛书非常受欢迎;这些书在该城市需求量很大。be in great demand表示be wanted by many people,意为“广受欢迎”,符合语境;in quantity大量,大批;in progress在进行中;in production在生产中。故选D。二、 主谓一致1. (2012湖南卷T35) All the scientific evidence that increasing use of chemicals in farming damaging our health.A.show; areB.shows;
10、 are C.show; is D.shows; is【解析】选D。考查主谓一致。句意为:所有的科学证据表明在农业生产中越来越多地使用化学物品对我们的健康有害。evidence为不可数名词,作主语时谓语动词用单数;题干中的第二个空的主语应该是use,为不可数名词,谓语动词用单数,故D项正确。2. (2012陕西卷T12) The basketball coach, as well as his team, interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.A.were B.was C.isD.are【解析
11、】选B。考查时态和主谓一致。句意为:比赛后不久,那位篮球教练和他的队员们因为他们的出色表现而受到了采访。根据句意可知事情已经发生,所以用过去时,排除C和D。主语后接as well as短语作插入语时,谓语动词形式不受其影响。这里的主语The basketball coach是单数,所以谓语动词应该用单数,B项符合题意。【方法技巧】“主谓一致”讲原则主谓一致一般讲究“三原则”: 语法一致原则, 意义一致原则和就近一致原则。此题涉及语法一致的原则:当主语与谓语动词之间插入along with, with, as well as, together with, no less than, besid
12、es, except, but, including等引起的短语时,谓语动词不受这些插入语的影响,依然和主语保持一致。例如:(1)The father with his two sons has gone to the cinema. (2)No one except the two boys was late for class. 三、冠词1.(2012重庆卷T24) Sam has been appointedmanager of the engineering department to takeplace of George.A. /, / B.the, / C.the, the D.
13、 /, the【解析】选D。考查冠词。句意为:Sam代替了George,被任命为工程部经理。第一个空是表示头衔、职务的名词,在句中作主语补足语时,不能加冠词;第二个空是固定搭配:take the place of代替。故选D。【误区警示】特指并非都加“the”(1)误导原因:一般情况下,表示特指时,常加定冠词the。(2)去伪存真:当表示头衔、职务的名词作表语、同位语或补足语时,虽然也是特指,但其前不加冠词。2.(2012安徽卷T21) Carl is studying food science at college and hopes to open up meat processing f
14、actory of his own one day.A. /; a B. /; the C.the; a D.the; the【解析】选A。考查冠词。句意为:卡尔正在大学学习食品科学,希望将来某天开办一家属于自己的肉类加工厂。第一空为课程科目,前不加冠词;第二空意为“一家”工厂,应该使用不定冠词,故选择A项。3.(2012全国卷T22) Sarah looked atfinished painting with_ satisfaction.A.不填; a B.a; the C.the; 不填 D. the; a【解析】选C。考查冠词。句意:Sarah满意地看了看已完成的绘画。with sati
15、sfaction表示“满意地”,是固定短语,中间没有冠词;另外,根据句意和语境也可判断出第一个空填the,因为此处表示特指。故选C。4.(2012山东卷T29) Being able to afford drink would be comfort in those tough times.A.the; the B.a; a C.a; 不填 D.不填; a【解析】选B。考查冠词。句意为:在那些艰难的时期,能够买得起一杯酒会是一件欣慰的事。drink此处是可数名词,意为“(饮料,尤指酒的)一杯,一口”,a drink表示泛指,而不是特指,不能用the;a comfort此处是抽象名词具体化的用法
16、,指具体的一件令人欣慰的事情。根据以上分析可知选B。【方法技巧】抽象名词具体化一般来说抽象名词为不可数名词,但当抽象名词表示具体的东西时,可用作可数名词且词义发生变化,叫抽象名词具体化。主要类型如下:(1)抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态、感情情绪的人或事。例如:抽象名词(不可数) 具体化(个体名词,可数名词)surprise惊讶 a surprise一件令人惊讶的事success成功 a success一个(件)成功的人(事)honor荣誉 an honor一个(件)引以为荣的人(事)failure 失败 a failure一个失败者(2)抽象名词与a(an)连用,淡化了抽象概念,转化为似乎可
17、以体验到的动作、行为或类别。例如:Would you like to have a walk (swim, bath, talk) with me?It is a waste of time reading such a novel.5.(2012全国卷T7) He missed_gold in the high jump, but will get _ second chance in the long jump.A.the;the B.不填;a C.the;a D.a;不填【解析】选C。考查冠词的用法。句意:他在跳高比赛中没有赢得金牌,但是,在跳远比赛中他还有一次(获得金牌的)机会。gol
18、d在表示“金子、黄金”时,是物质名词,不可数,但是表示“金牌”的意思时,为可数名词。第一个空表示的是大家都知道的跳高比赛中的那块金牌,所以用the;第二个空用a second表示“又一、再一”。故选C。6.(2012江西卷T21)The Smiths dont usually like staying at hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by sea.A. /; aB.the; theC. /; the D.the; a【解析】选C。考查冠词。句意为:史密斯一家人通常不喜欢待在旅馆里,但是去
19、年夏天他们在海边一个很好的旅馆里待了几天。第一个空后面的hotels是复数,也表示泛指,所以不加冠词;by the sea“在海边”为固定用法。故第二个空后的sea前加the。【误区警示】区别by sea与by the sea(1)误导原因:混淆by sea与by the sea的含义和用法。(2)去伪存真:by sea 意为“乘船”;by the sea是指“在海边”。7.(2012辽宁卷21) I woke up withbad headache,yet byevening the pain had gone.A.the;theB.the;anC.a;theD. a ;an【解析】选C。考
20、查冠词的用法。某些不可数名词前面常常有不定冠词,如have a headache, catch a cold, have a fever等。故第一空填不定冠词a。第二个空特指当天的晚上,故填定冠词the。句意为:我醒来的时候头痛得厉害,然而到晚上的时候疼痛消失了。8.(2012浙江卷T2)The development of industry has been gradual process throughouthuman existence,from stone tools to modern technology.A.不填; the B.the;a C.a;不填 D.a;a【解析】选C。考
21、查冠词。句意为:纵观人类存在的过程,从石器到现代技术,工业的发展是一个渐进的过程。existence意为“存在”时,是不可数名词,故此处不加冠词。process意为“过程”时是可数名词,此处需加不定冠词。9.(2012四川卷T18)We are said to be living in_ Information Age, _ time of new discoveries and great changes.A.an; the B.不填; the C.不填; a D.the; a【解析】选D。考查冠词。句意:据说我们生活在信息时代,一个新发现和伟大的改变发生的时期。第一空是普通名词构成的专有名
22、词,前面要加定冠词the;第二空为抽象名词具体化,表示“一个的时代”,应填不定冠词a。四、 代词1.(2012重庆卷T21)John,when shall we meet again,Thursday or Friday?. Ill be off to London then.A.EitherB.Neither C.Both D.None【解析】选B。考查代词辨析。句意为:John,我们什么时候再见面,星期四还是星期五?都不行,我那时候要去伦敦了。either(两者中)任何一个;neither(两者)都不;both(两者)都;none(三者或三者以上)都不。由答句句意“我那时候要去伦敦了”可知
23、,这两个时间都不适合John,故选B。2.(2012全国卷T31) Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, butof them wants to, because they have work to do.A.eitherB.anyC.neitherD.none【解析】选C。考查代词。句意:拉里让比尔和彼得陪他去野餐,但是他们两个都不去,因为他们有工作要做。either两者之一;any任何一个,一些;neither两个中没有一个;none三者或三者以上的人或物中没有一个。根据句意可知,此处表示“两个人中没有一个”,故选C。3
24、.(2012山东卷T21)When you are done with the book, just give it to Lucy or Helen or.A.whoeverB.whereverC.whateverD. however【解析】选A。考查代词。句意为:当你看完这本书后,把它给露西或海伦或者任何人。whoever是代词,意为“任何人,无论谁”,符合句意;wherever无论什么地方;whatever无论什么;however只作副词或连词,意为“无论如何,不管怎么样;然而,可是”。根据句意可知选A。4.(2012福建卷T22)Have you figured out how muc
25、h the trip will cost?$4,000,orlike that.A.anything B.everything C.something D.nothing【解析】选C。考查代词。句意为:你有没有算出旅行的费用?四千美金,大概这么多。something为代词,表肯定。此处代指旅行费用。5.(2012全国卷T9)Sarah madeto the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.A.herself B.this C.that D.it【解析】选D。考查代词的用法。句意:今天早晨萨拉及时到达机场,赶上了飞机。ma
26、ke it为固定短语,表示成功做成某事。故选D。6.(2012江西卷T23)My brother would like to buy a good watch but was available from that shop.A.nothing B.none C.no oneD.neither【解析】选B。考查不定代词。句意为:我弟弟想买一块好手表,但是那家商店里没有一块合适的。这里强调一个也没有,为完全否定。A项意为“没有什么东西”;B项意为“一个也没有”; C项意为“没有人”;D项意为“(两者中)没有一个”。7.(2012陕西卷T13)No matter where he is,he ma
27、kesa rule to go for a walk before breakfast.A.him B.this C.that D.it【解析】选D。考查代词。句意为:不管他在哪里,早饭之前去散步成了他的习惯。句中涉及make复合宾语:to go for a walk.是真正的宾语,a rule 是宾语补足语, it为形式宾语,四个选项中只有D项it 可以作形式宾语或者形式主语。8.(2012辽宁卷28) If youre buying todays paper from the stand, could you get _for me?A.one B.suchC.this D.that【解析
28、】选A。考查代词的用法。句意为:如果你去售货亭买今天的报纸,能帮我买一份吗?A项用来指代可数名词,既可指人,也可指物,而且代替与前面的事物同属一类但并不是同一个;B项用来指代如前所述的这样的人或事物;C项用来指代即将要发生或将要提到的事情;D项可代替不可数名词,也可代替可数名词单数,代替可数名词单数时等同于the one,表示特指。9.(2012浙江卷T5) Studying Wendys menu, I found that many of the items are similar to of McDonalds.A.thoseB.onesC.anyD.all【解析】选A。考查代词。句意为
29、:研究一下温迪的菜单,我发现其中的很多条目和麦当劳(的菜单)相似。those可用来代替上文所提到的复数名词,此处代指the items,是特指。ones指代复数名词,是泛指。10.(2012江苏卷T23) Sophia waited for a reply, butcame.A.eitherB.another C.neither D.none【解析】选D。考查代词。句意为:索菲娅等待回复,但一个也没等到。A项表示“两者中的任意一个”;B项表示“三者或三者以上中的另一个”;C项表示“两者中一个也没有”;D项表示“三者或三者以上一个也没有”。11.(2012四川卷T2) New technolog
30、ies have made possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.A.thatB.thisC.oneD. it【解析】选D。考查代词。句意:新的技术已经让以更低的成本更快地生产出新的产品成为可能。根据句意可知,it在句中作形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的不定式。五、 介词1.(2012湖北卷T25)The furniture,with its modern style and bright colors,suits modern houses and their gardens,but looksin the ga
31、rden of a traditional home.A.out of question B.out of order C.out of sight D.out of place【解析】选D。考查介词短语辨析。句意为:有着现代风格的色彩鲜艳的家居适合现代的房屋和花园,但是放在传统风格的花园里看起来就格格不入。out of question不成问题,无疑的;out of order出故障,秩序混乱;out of sight看不见,在视野之外;out of place不得其所的,不适当的,格格不入的。信息词but告诉我们正确选项应该表示“不合适的,格格不入的”。【方法技巧】out of短语小结以o
32、ut of开头的短语很多,有必要进行归纳积累。大家熟悉的短语包括:out of breath 上气不接下气;out of balance 失去平衡;out of date 过时; out of patience 不耐烦;out of control 失去控制;out of question不成问题,无疑的;out of order出故障,秩序混乱;out of sight看不见,在视野之外;out of place不得其所的,不适当的,格格不入的;out of style过时,不时髦;out of work 失业;out of touch 失去联系。2.(2012安徽卷T25)You can
33、change your job, you can move house,but friendship is meant to be life. A.ofB.onC.toD. for【解析】选D。考查介词。句意为:你可以改变工作,你也可以搬家,但是友谊是终生不变的。of life 意为“对于生命”;on life意为“有关生命”; to life 意为“给生命”;for life=for the rest of ones life,意为“终生的”。3.(2012福建卷T26)China has been pushing the reform of public hospitalsall its
34、citizens.A.in charge of B.for the purpose of C.in honor of D.for the benefit of【解析】选D。考查介词短语。句意为:为了惠及全民,中国一直在推动公共医疗改革。in charge of负责,管理;for the purpose of为了的目的;in honor of纪念; for the benefit of为了的好处。故选D。4.(2012福建卷T33)Nothing is so easy asparents to raise their expectations of their children too high
35、.A.ofB.toC.byD.for【解析】选D。考查介词。句意为:对家长来说,没有什么比提高对孩子的期望值更容易的事情了。for对来说,后跟“对象”。5.(2012全国卷T16)100 is the temperaturewhich water will boil.A.forB.atC.onD.of【解析】选B。考查介词。句意:100摄氏度是水沸腾的温度。该空后面是由which引导的定语从句。此时,介词的判断原则是看介词与先行词之间的关系。把句子分解开来可以得到100 is the temperature and at this temperature water will boil.故选B
36、。6.(2012北京卷34)Do you think this shirt is too tight the shoulders ?A.at B.on C.to D.across【解析】选D。考查介词。句意为:你觉得这件衬衫在肩膀这个地方是不是太紧了?at在地方;on在上面;to表地点时,指不接触;across横跨,指从肩膀的一端到另一端。7. (2012陕西卷T11)An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members areit.A.against B.for C.to D.wit
37、h【解析】选A。考查介词。句意为:好像是不可能达成协议了,因为大多数委员们反对。A项 against“反对”;B项for“支持”;C项to“向、朝、往、到、在”;D项with“和(其他人或物)在一起、跟、同、和、(时间)随着、有;穿戴”。结合语境知A项符合题意。8.(2012辽宁卷27)The Well Hotel stands in a quiet placethe main road at the far end of the lake.A.toB.forC.offD.out【解析】选C。考查介词的用法。句意为:Well 饭店坐落于湖尽头的大路附近一个非常安静的地方。A项“对于”;B项“为
38、了”; C项“离开,偏离”符合题意;D项“在外面”。9.(2012浙江卷T6)all the animals Ive ever had,these two dogs are the most sensitive to the spoken word.A.FromB.OfC.For D.With【解析】选B。考查介词。句意为:在我养过的所有动物中,这两只狗对口头语言最敏感。from来自;of属于,由组成;for因为;with和一起,随着,用,因为。10.(2012浙江卷T14) Brown said he was by no means annoyed;, he was glad to be a
39、ble to make himself clearly understood.A.all in all B.for one thing C.on the contrary D.by the way【解析】选C。考查固定短语辨析。句意为:布朗说他绝不生气;相反,他很高兴能使别人清楚地了解他自己。all in all总而言之;for one thing一则;on the contrary正相反,相反地;by the way顺便说,顺便提。11.(2012江苏卷T29)Thank God,youre safe! I stepped back, justto avoid the racing car.
40、A.in time B.in case C.in need D.in vain【解析】选A。考查介词短语。句意为:谢天谢地,你安然无恙!我退回去了,恰好及时避开了飞驰的汽车。A项表示“及时”;B项表示“以防万一”;C项表示“需要”;D项表示“徒劳地”。六、 形容词1.(2012湖北卷T27) Can you tell thedifference between the words “require” and “request”?I sometimes get puzzled by their meanings.A.dramatic B.regional C.apparent D.subtle【
41、解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意为:你能辨别“require”与“request”之间的微妙差别吗?有时候我被它们的意思搞得迷惑不解。dramatic戏剧性的;regional地区的,局部的;apparent表面的,明显的;subtle微妙的。搞得迷惑不解的应该是“微妙的”而不是“明显的”差别,故正确选项为D。2.(2012湖北卷T28)Whether the buildings in this area should be pulled down has remained;people are still looking for other possible solutions.A.un
42、challengedB.relevant C.controversialD.contradictory【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意为:这个区域的建筑物是否应该被推倒依旧有争议,人们仍然在寻找其他可行的解决方法。unchallenged未受到挑战的;relevant有关的;controversial有争议的;contradictory矛盾的,对立的。根据后半句“人们仍然在寻找其他可行的解决方法”可知建筑物是否应该被推倒还有“争议”,所以选C。3.(2012安徽卷T23)Interest is as to learning as the ability to understand,eve
43、n more so. A.vitalB.available C.specificD.similar【解析】选A。考查形容词。句意为:兴趣对学习来说和理解能力一样重要,甚至更重要。A项意为“极其重要的”;B项意为“可利用的”;C项意为“明确的,具体的;特有的,特定的”;D项意为“相似的”。4.(2012全国卷T26)The result is not very important to us, but if we do win, then so much.A.the best B.best C.better D.the better【解析】选D。考查固定结构。句意:结果对我们来说不是很重要,但如
44、果我们确实赢了,那就更好了。so much the better固定结构,意思是“那就更好了”,表示说话人的期望。5.(2012全国卷T29)This restaurant wasntthat other restaurant we went to.A.half as good as B.as half good as C.as good as half D.good as half as【解析】选A。考查形容词比较级。句意:这个餐馆不及我们去的另一家餐馆一半好。此处考查的是“倍数+as+adj.+as.”的结构。故选A。6.(2012山东卷T33)Beyou cant expect me t
45、o finish all this work in so little time.A.reasonableB.confident C.creativeD.grateful【解析】选A。考查形容词。句意为:讲点道理吧你不能指望我在如此短的时间内完成所有的工作。reasonable讲道理的;confident有信心的;creative有创造力的;grateful感谢的,感激的。根据句意可知选A。7. (2012福建卷T32)Can you lend me the book Gone with the Wind?Sorry. I returned it to the library just now. Maybe it is still.A.availableB.affordable C.acceptable D.valuable【解析】选A。考查形容词。句意为:你能不能借给我飘这本书?抱歉。我刚把它还回图书馆。或许现在你还能借到。available可获得的; affordable支付得起的; acceptable可接受的;valuable有价值的。8.(2012北京卷28)Many peo