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1、学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考学习资料介词(一) 正误辨析1、 误We got to the top of the mountain in daybreak.正We got to the top of the mountain at day break.析at 用于具体时刻之前，如：sunrise, midday, noon, sunset, midnight, night。2、 误Dont sleep at daytime正Dont sleep in daytime.析in 要用于较长的一段时间之内，如：in the morning / afternoon, 或 in the week / m
2、onth / year. 或 in spring / supper /autumn / winter等等。3、 误We visited the old man in Sunday afternoon.正We visited the old man on Sunday afternoon.析in the morning, in the afternoon 如果在这两个短语中加入任何修饰词其前面的介词都要改为on, 如： on a cold morning, on the morning of July 14th4、 误He became a writter at his twenties正He
3、became a writter in his twenties析这句话应译为：他在20 多岁时就成了作家。在某人的一段生活时间段中要用介词 in 来表示，而在具体岁数时用at 来表示。5、 误He went to New York to find a job in sixteen years old.正He went to New York to find a job at sixteen.析在具体年岁前用at, 如： at the age of 12， at your age ， 等等。6、 误We went to swim in the river in a very hot day.正
4、We went to swim in the river on a very hot day.析具体某一天要用介词on, 又如： on New Years Day7、 误Im looking forward to seeing you on Christmas.正Im looking for ward to seeing you at Christmas.析在节日的当天用on，而全部节日期间用at,Christmas是圣诞节期间，一般要有两周或更长的时间。8、 误I havent see you during the summer holidays.正I havent seen you sin
5、ce the beginning of the summer holidays.析during 表示在某一段时间之内，所以一般不与完成时搭配，如：I visited a lot of museums during the holiday. 而 for 表示一段时间， 可以用于完成时， 如：I havent see you for a long time. 而 through 用来表示时间时则为整整，全部的时间 。如：It rained through the night.而 since 则是表达主句动作的起始时间，一般要与完成时连用。9、 误At entering the classroom,
6、 I heard the good news.正On entering the classroom, I heard the good news.析On 加动名词表示 一就。本句的译文应是：我一进入教室就听见这个好消息了。又如： on hearing 一听见，on arrival 一到达就 (on 表示动作的名词)10、 误In the beginning of the book, there are some interesting stories.正At the beginning of the book, there are some interesting stories.析 at t
7、he begining与 at the end 都是指某事物的开始与结束部分，均不指时间范围，而 in the beginning 则是指开始一段时间。in the end at last 是指 最终，终于 之意。11、 误Till the end of next week. I will have finished this work.正By the end of next week. I will have finished this work.析 by 引起的时间状语表示了动作的截止点，其意思为 不迟于某一时刻将工作做完名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - -
8、 - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考学习资料，所以主句一般是完成时态。当然可以有将来时态，如：Ill be there by five oclock.而 till则表达其一动作一直持续到某一时刻，但句中的动词一定要用持续性动词，而瞬间的截止性动词应用其否定句式，如：I wont finish this work till(until) next weekend.12、 误He came to London before last weekend.正He
9、had come to London before last weekend.正He came to London two weeks ago.析before 一般要与完成时连用，而ago 则与一般过去时连用。13、 误I have studied English for three years gince I had come here.正I have studied English for three years since I came here.析since 用来表达主句动作的开始时间，所以其引出的从句中应为过去时，而不能用完成时态14、 误I can help you repair
10、this bike. You will get it after two hours.正I can help you repair this bike. You will get it in two hours.析中文经常讲两小时之后来取，两天内会修好，而这个介词在英文中要用in 而不要用 after 。其原因有二， after 多用于过去时， 如：I arrived in New York. After three days, I found a job in the bank. after 加时间是表达一个不确定的时间范围，如：after three days, 即三天之后的哪一天都可以。
11、所以在许诺若干时间内会完成某事时，一定要用介词in。15、 误Three days after he died.正After three days he died.正Three days later he died.析after 与 later 都可以用来表达一段时间之后，但它们所处的位置不同，after 在时间词前，而later 在时间词后。16、 误She hid herself after the tree.正She hid herself behind the tree.析 after 多用来表达某动作之后，所以有的语法书中称它为动态介词，如：I run after him. Afte
12、r finishing my homework, I went to see a film. 而 behind 则多用于静态事物之后。17、 误There is a beautiful bird on the tree.正There is a beautiful bird in the tree.析树上长出的果实，树叶要用on, 而其他外来的人、物体均要用in the tree.18、 误Shanghai is on the east of China.正Shanghai is in the east of China.析在表达地理位置时有3 个介词： in, on, to 。 in 表示在某
13、范围之内; on 表示与某地区接壤； to 则表示不相接。如：Japan is to the east of China. 19、 误I arrived at New York on July 2nd.正I arrived in New York on July 2nd.析 at 用来表达较小的地方， 而 in 用来表达较大的地方。at 常用于 at the school gate, at home, at a bus stop, at the station, at the cinema, at a small village。20、 误He lived in No. 3 Beijing R
14、oad.正He lived at No. 3 Beijing Road.析 在门牌号码前要用at, 并要注意它的惯用法：at the end of the street, at the foot of the mountain, at the top of the page。21、 误There is a colour TV set at the corner of the hall.正There is a colour TV set in the corner of the hall.析在屋内的角落应用in，而墙的外角用at，如： There is a tree at the corner
15、of the 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考学习资料street.22、 误This weekend Ill stay in Uncle Wangs.正This weekend Ill stay at Uncle Wangs.析要注意英文的特殊表达法，如：at a tailors shop (裁缝店 )at a tailors, at the doctors ( 去看病 ) at
16、the booksellers (在书店 ) at uncle Wangs (在王叔叔家 ) 23、 误Do you know there is some good news on todays newspaper?正Do you know there is some good news in todays newspaper?析在报纸上的新闻要用in, 而在具体某一版上，或某一页上则要用on。24、 误The school will begin on September 1st.正School will begin on September 1st.析这里的school 应看作不可数名词泛指
17、学校的课程，即开学之意。要注意，有些活动场所当表达正在从事该种活动时不要加冠词，如：at table (吃饭 )， When I came to Toms home, they were at table. 还有：at desk ( 学习 )，at work ( 工作 ) at school ( 上学 )，in hospital ( 住医院 ) at church 作礼拜如加上定冠词则另有他意，如：at the school 即在学校工作或办事，in the hospital 即在医院工作或去看望病人。25、 误In my way to the station, I bought a news
18、paper to kill time.正On my way to the station, I bought a newspaper to kill time.析译文为：在去车站的路上我买了份报纸，为的是消磨时光在 的路上 应用on ones way。而 in the way 有挡道之意，如：Please move the chair it is in the way。26、 误Look, the door is open, Maybe someone broke into.正Look, the door is open, Maybe someone broke in.正Look, the d
19、oor is open, Maybe someone broke into the office.析in 是表达一个静止状态，在与break 连用时其后不加介词宾语，而into 则是动态介词，与break 连用时要加介词宾语。27、 误Ill leave Beijing to Shanghai tomorrow.正Ill leave Beijing for Shanghai.正Ill leave for Shanghai.析leave for 是离开某地去某处的固定搭配，不可将 for 改为别的介词。 这样的搭配还有： start for 动身前往某处，set out for ， sail f
20、or 。28、 误Im sorry. I have to get out the bus at next stop.正Im sorry. I have to get out of the bus at next stop.析get in, 与 get out 是两个相反的词组。get in 为上车，而get out 为下车，但语法家认为这里的in 与 out 为副词， 所以其后不能接名词，我们可以讲Wed better get in. 或Wed better get out. 还有一组词组有关上下车：get on off(a train, a ship, a struck) get into
21、out of (a car , taxi)29、 误Be careful The temperature of the water is ninety degrees over zero. 正Be careful. The temperature of the water is ninety degrees above zero. 析 over 与 above 在作为比某物高的意思时有时可以互换。但在垂直方向上的高矮时，即正上方时则要用above. 而泛指上方时用over.30、 误There is an old stone bridge above the river.正There is a
22、n old stone bridge over the river.析over 还有一意为 跨越，横跨 。31、 误The Dead Sea is under the sea level.正The Dead Sea is below the sea level.名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考学习资料析在垂直下方要用below.也就是讲above 与 below 互为反意词，over
23、 与 under也是反意词。32、 误There is a big tree in the front of the house.正There is a big tree in front of the house. 析in front of 是在物体外部的前面，而in the front of 是在物体内部的前面，如：The driver sits in the front of the bus.33、 误It took them two days to walk across the forest.正It took them two days to walk through the for
24、est.析across 作为介词有两个主要意思： 横过，如： I want to walk across the street. 对面，如： There is a post office across the street,而 through 多用于三维空间中的穿越。 across 则多用于平面上的横过。如：The little girl ran across the room to meet her mother .34、 误The sun sets toward the west.正The sun sets in the west.析towards也可用作toward ，它主要表达朝向某方
25、向运动，但不一定到达，如：He ran toward(s) the mountain.而在表示方位east, west, north, south 时，其前面要用in。要注意的是这4 个词可以用作副词， 如： I went south. 也可用作名词， 如： I went to the south.也可用作形容词，如：I went to the south part of China.35、 误Do you have no other clothes except those?正Do you have no other clothes besides those?析 beside 是在旁边，如
26、：The students stood beside their teachers.而 besides是除之外，不仅 而且，除了 以外还有 ， 如：I studied English besides French, when I was in college. 而 except 则是从同一类物体中去掉某一部分，如：I come here every day except Sunday. 而 except for 是指去掉不同种类的事物，如：The room is clean except for two chairs. 而 except that则要加从句。36、 误Can I write t
27、he exam paper with ink?正Can I write the exam paper with a pen?正Can I write the exam paper in ink?37、 误Im earlier today. I came here by his car.正Im earlier today. I came here in his car.析在交通工具前加介词by，但不能再有任何指示代词或冠词，否则要改换相应的介词。by taxi=in a taxi by train=in a train by bicycle=on a bicycleby ship=on a sh
28、ip by boat=in a boat by bus=on a busby plane=on a plane by air 空运by land 陆运by sea 海运on foot on horsebackby phone by letter by radio名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考学习资料by air mail by hand38、 误A lot of French wi
29、nes are made of grape.正A lot of French wines are made from grape.析made of 是指由原材料到成品过程中原材料未发生质地的变化，而发生了某种变化则要用from, 如： The desk was made of hard wood.39、 误This is a good dictionary in English grammar.正This is a good dictionary on English grammar.析关于某方面的书籍、报告等有两个介词，其中on 表示某专业用书，about 则为某方面的普通读物，如：This
30、 is a book about physics.即物理科普知识。40、 误Do you have the key of the door. 正Do you have the key to the door.析 key to the door门的钥匙。 相同用法还有answer to the question, entrance to the highway, danger to health.千万不要用of。41、 误Today a lot of Chinese people have interest of collecting stamps.正Today a lot of Chinese
31、 people have interest in collecting stamps.析have interest in是在某方面有兴趣。42、 误I didnt do my homework, so the teacher was angry to me.正I didnt do my homework, so the teacher was angry with me.析 be angry with其后接人， 而 be angry at其后接事。 如：He was angry at what she said. 43、 误He was good for skating.正He was goo
32、d at skating.析be good at 为擅长某事 ，而 be good for somebody为对某人很好。44、 误It was good to you to help my little boy.正It was good of you to help my little boy.析这句话应译为：你真太好了，帮助了我的小孩。而be good to somebody 是对某人态度好。如：Her mother is good to everyone.45、 误My parents were very pleased at me.正My parents were very pleas
33、ed with me.正My parents were very pleased at my studying.析be pleased with后加 somebody, 而 be pleased at后加 something 。46、 误He is agree with me.正He agrees with me.47、 误He againsts me.正He is against me.析同意 agree 为动词，而反对against 则为介词。在使用中一定要注意。48、 误I havent heard letters from him.正I havent heard from him.析h
34、ear from 即为：从某人处得到信件。不要再加letter 了。49、 误Teacher. May I call at you this weekend?正Teacher. May I call on you this weekend?析作为 拜访 讲 call at 其后接地点，如：May I call at your home this weekend?而 call on 其后接人。50、 误Do you know the girl on white?名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - -
35、- - - - - 第 5 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考学习资料正Do you know the girl in white?析in white 为穿一身白。与in 有关的词组有：in bed( 睡觉 )，in hospital( 住院 )，in a hurry( 匆匆忙忙 )，in danger( 危险中 ),in joy ( 高兴 )， in good health(身体好 )，in love( 恋爱 )，in trouble( 困境 )，与之相反的是out of , 如：out of trouble (摆脱困境 )，out of da
36、te( 过时了 )，out of order(出故障 )51、 误He looked at me at surprise.正He looked at me in surprise.析surprise 的用法一般有三种。用于句首， To ones surprise, 如：To my surprise he succeeded. be surprised at, 如： I was surprised at the news. 用于句尾in surprise.52、 误She didnt come to school because of she was ill.正She didnt come to
37、 school because she was ill.析because of 后接名词，如：The game was put off because of the rain.(三) 例题解析1 - Thank you the beautiful flowers!- Not at all.A in B on C at D for 答案D. 析由于某事向某人道谢应用for 。2 Can you answer this question English?A by B in C with D from 答案B. 析in 表示用语言、声音、或材料，如：He answered the question
38、in a low voice. 3 Look the map China the wall, please.A after , of, in B at, of, in C after , in, on D at, of, on 答案D. 析look at 为看，而 on the wall为在墙表面挂着 ，而 in the wall 则是 在墙内 ，如： There is hole in the wall.墙上有个洞。4 - When did Mr Green arrive in London?- He arrived there the evening of December 6th.A at
39、 B in C on D to 答案C. 析in the evening / afternoon这两个词组不论是在其前或后加上任何修饰词都应将介词换为 on, 如：on a cold morning, on a spring morning等。5 We won the relay race. And there was a big smile our teachers face.A off B near C on D between 答案C. 6 The twins got on well their classmates.A to B in C with D about 答案C. 名师资料总
40、结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考学习资料析get on well with与人相处很好。7 - Please remember to come to my birthday party.- I see. Ill come Saturday evening.A in B at C on D for 答案C. 8Lets hurry ， or well be late schoolAto Bat
41、Cwith Dfor 答案D.析be late for ， 而 come late to ， 如：Dont come late to school9They will have a maths test two daysAfor Bat Cin Dafter 答案C.析三天之内应用in，而不要受中文影响用after ， after three days 是个不定的时间范围，即没有一个准确的时间。5 天、 6 天、 10 天全是 after three days。10My brother joined the army A1989 ， March Bin March ， 1989 CMarch
42、， 1989 D1989， in March 答案B.析在月份、年、前用介词in，而日子前用on。11He couldnt work out the maths problem your helpAwithout Bunder Cfor Dwith 答案A.析 在某人帮助下应用with ，如： With the help of the teacher I passed the exam easily而要是没有你的帮助则用without your help12Granny took one look at us her glassesAby Bthrough Con Din 答案B.析throu
43、gh 为穿过 。13We had our breakfast a quarter sevenA/， to Bin， to Cat， to Don， to 答案C.析具体时间点前用at，而差几分几点用to，这里应译为：我在差一刻七点吃的早饭。14I learn French the radio every dayAon Bin Cfrom Dat 答案A.析从收音机中听到某事应用词组on the radio 。15Its good manners to wait line名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理
44、 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考学习资料Ain Bon Cat Dwith 答案A.析in line 为排队。16How many English words had you learnt last term?Aby the end of Bat the end of Cto the end of Dtill the end of 答案A.析by the end of 为动作的截止时间，与完成时态相配合17The manager was very satisfied his workAin Bon Cabo
45、ut Dwith 答案D.析be satisfied with 为固定搭配。18John hit Jack faceAon the Bin the Con his Din his 答案B.析 英文中的某些动词其后要接人，然后加介词 the 身体部位， 如：He caught the boy by the arm 。19I was born the night September 15 ， 1978Ain， on Bat， on Cat， in Don， of 答案D.析在时间前加介词时应以最小的时间单位为准。20Its a bad manner to laugh people when the
46、y are troubleAover， in Bat， in Cin， at Dat， for 答案B.析laugh at 嘲笑某人，laugh over 笑着谈论某人或某事，in trouble 陷入困境。21I cant do this work well Toms helpAunder Bfor Cwithout Dfrom 答案C.22Dont shout the old woman 。You should be more polite herAto， at Bat， to Cin， for Dfrom ， for 答案B.析shout at 为冲某人喊叫 ，而 be polite t
47、o somebody 为对某人和气。 23We must be strict our selves everythingAwith ， in Bin， with Cwith ， to Dto， of 答案A.析be strict with 对某人严格要求。24He went to the football match lunch last Sunday名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考
48、学习资料Ato Bwithout Cbehind Dbetween 答案B.析without lunch 未吃午饭。25The peoples Republic of China was founded 1949Awith Bon Csince Din 答案D.析在年代前用in。因句子是过去时而不是完成时，所以不能用since。26Mr Black got to Hangzhou a few daysAin Bafter Con Dat 答案B.析 这句话应译为： 几天之后MrBlack 到达了杭州。 而不是在几天之内一定要做完某事，所以选B。27- Has the teacher given
49、 you any advice your English study?- Yes， he hasAfrom Bwith Con Din 答案C.析给予某一方面问题的忠告其介词用on。28You may depend himHe is honest manAon， a Bin， an Con ， an Dat， the 答案C.析depend on 为依靠某人或某事，而honest 的首字母h 不发音。29my joy ， I can answer this questionAWith BTo CBy DFor 答案B.析To ones joy 意为 使我高兴的是。30The teacher a
50、sked the students to look the word in the dictionaryAfor Bat Cup Dafter 答案C.析look for 寻找，look at 看，look after 照顾，look up 查字典。31A little monkey is playing a tree and there are a lot of bananas it Aon， on Bin， on Con， in Din， in 答案B.析树上长出的果实为on the tree而其他外来之物要用in the tree ， 表达在树上。32 I go to school bu