2022年苏教版五年级语法及练习 2.pdf

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1、五年级语法There be 句型与 have, hasThere be 句型与 have, has的区别1、there be句型与 have(has) 的区别:there be 表示在某地有某物或人;have(has) 表示某人拥有某物。There be 句型是客观存在的“有”,表示在某地有某物或人,是一种存在关系。 eg:There is a book on the desk. Have/has 指的是主观上的“拥有,持有”,表示某人拥有某物,是一种所属关系。 Eg: I have a book.2、在 there be 句型中, there 只起到引导作用,并无实际意义。句中真正主语是谓语

2、动词 be 后面的名词。 Be 动词有人称, 数和时态的变化: 主语是单数, be 动词用 is ; 主语是复数, be 动词用 are 。3. 如有几件物品,be 动词根据最近be 动词的那个名词决定就近原则。4、there be 句型的否认句在be 动词后加 not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首,肯定答复: Yes, there is/are. 否认答复: No,there isnt/aren t.5、some 和 any 在 there be 句型中的运用: some 用于肯定句, any 用于否认句或疑问句。6、and 和 or 在 there be 句型中的运用: and 用于

3、肯定句, or 用于否认句或疑问句。7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是: How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语?How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语?8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是: Whats + 介词短语?练习:Fill in the blank with “have,has ”or “there is , there are”1. I_a good father and a good mother.2. _a telephone on the desk.3. He_a tape-recorder.4. _a

4、basketball in the playground.5. She_some dresses.6. They_a nice garden.7. What do you_?8. _a reading-room in the building?9. What does Mike_?10. _any books in the bookcase?11. My father_a story-book.12. _a story-book on the table.名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - -

5、- - - - 第 1 页,共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 13. _any flowers in the vase?14. How many students_in the classroom?15. My parents_some nice pictures.16. _some soup on the table.17. _a map of the world on the wall.18. David_a telescope.19. David s friends_some tents.20. _many children on the hill. Fill in th

6、e blank with “ have, has ”1. I_ a nice puppet.2. He_a good friend.3. They_ some masks.4. We_some flowers.5. She_ a duck.6. My father_ a new bike.7. Her mother_a vase.8. Our teacher_ an English book.9. Our teachers_a basketball.10. Their parents_some blankets11. Nancy_many skirts.12. David_some jacke

7、ts.13. My friends_a football.14. What do you_?15. What does Mike_?16. What do your friends_?17. What does Helen_?18. His brother_a basketball.19. Her sister_a nice doll.20. Miss Li_an English book.改为否认句:There is some milk in the bottle. _ 填 be 动词。There _ a book and two pens on the desk. There _ two

8、pens and a book on the desk. Be 动词Be 动词是动词的一种,其中“am, is,are”用于一般现在时。Be 动词在句中不能单独作名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页,共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 谓语,多与后面的名词或形容词等构成系表结构。Be 动词的使用口诀:我用 am,你用 are, is 跟着他她它。单数is,复数 are。用 be 动词填空。1.This bed _ too soft. 2.Where _

9、 the cakes? 3.There _ three beds and a chair in the room. 4.There _ a book and a pen on the chair. 5.My sister and I _ in the same class. 6.Two and five _ seven. 7.There _ a lot of sheep on the farm. 8.Who _ singing in the room? Liuhua is. 9.There _ some water in the bottle. 10. He can _ a teacher.

10、语法及练习4 一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍一般现在时的概念表示经常、反复发生的动作或现在存在的状态。一般现在时的标志词:频率副词:Always, usually, often, sometimes, 时间状语:Every一般现在时的构成1. be动词:主语 +be(am,is,are)+其它。如: I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2. 行为动词:主语+行为动词 (+ 其它) 。如: We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时,要在动词后加-s 或-es 。如: Mary likes Chinese. 玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化1.

11、否认句:有 be 动词, be 动词后 +not 有情态动词,情态动词后+not 有动词,借助动词do/does 后+not 2.一般疑问句:有 be 动词, be 动词提前有情态动词,情态动词提前有动词,借助动词do/does 提前名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页,共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 疑问句:特殊疑问词一般疑问句一般现在时用法专练:一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home

12、.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk

13、together every evening.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _

14、(do) not like PE.18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20. What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday.二、按照要求改写句子。1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否认句 ) _2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句,作否认答复) _3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句,作肯定答复)_4.

15、 Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句,作否认答复) _5. We go to school every morning.(改为否认句 ) _6. He speaks English very well.(改为否认句 ) _名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页,共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问 ) _8. John

16、comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问) _9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句,作否认答复) _10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否认句 ) _三、改错 ( 划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上)1. Is your brother speak English? _2. Does he likes going fishing? _3. He likes play games after class. _4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _5. She don t

17、 do her homework on Sundays. _动词三单的变化规则1一般情况下,直接加-s ,如: cook-cooks, milk-milks2以 s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es ,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3以“辅音字母 +y”结尾,变y 为 i, 再加-es ,如: study-studies练习: 写出以下动词的第三人称单数drink _ go _ stay _ make _ look _ have_ pass_ carry _ come_ watch_ plant_ fly _ s

18、tudy_ brush_ do_ teach_ wash_ 二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One. 3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. _ they _(like) the World Cup? 6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays? 7. _ your parents _(read) newspa

19、pers every day? 8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays. 9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening. 10. There _(be) some water in the bottle. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页,共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 11. Mike _(like) cooking. 12. They _(

20、have) the same hobby. 13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully. 14. You always _(do) your homework well. 15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed. 16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE. 18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening. 19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have

21、) eight lessons this term. 20. What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday 第三人称单数主语1. 人称代词 he,she,it 2. 单个人名,地名或称呼3. 单数可数名词或“ this 、that+ 可数名词单数”4. 不定代词 someone,somebody,nobody,everything,something 及指示代词this ,that 名词一名词分类。名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有单数和复数之分。二可数名词复数规则1一般情况下,直接加-s ,如: book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats

22、, bed-beds2以 s. x. sh. Ch和部分 O结尾,加 -es ,如: bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches Photo-photos,3 以 “辅音字母 +y” 结尾,变y为i, 再加-es, 如: family-families,strawberry-strawberries4以“ f 或 fe ”结尾,变f 或 fe 为 v, 再加-es ,如: knife-knives5单复同型:fish-fish, deer-deer, sheep-sheep, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japa

23、nese 6. 不规则名词复数:改变中间的原因字母:man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, foot-feet,tooth-teeth 词尾加 -en 或-ren :child-children ,ox-oxen 不规则: mouse-mice 三不可数名词名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页,共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 不可数名词主要是物质名词和抽

24、象名词。不可数名词没有复数形式,也不能与a,an 连用。四不可数名词量的表示方法1. 用 some, much, a little, a lot of, lots of等表示多少。2用量词表示:在表示“一”个数量概念时用a cup of, a bottle of, a glass of等,假设要表达两个或两个以上得概念,量词用复数, 不可数不变, eg: two cups of tea 练习:写出以下各词的复数。I _ him _this _ her _ watch _ book_ bus_ Chinese_ a cup of tea_ house_ child _ photo _ diary

25、 _ day_ foot_ dress _tooth_ sheep _ box_ strawberry _ thief _ yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich_man_ woman_paper_people_ 单项选择。1.He does many _. 名词所有格名词所有格一般是在名词后面加上s,意为“。的”,表示所属关系。1.一般情况下,在单词词尾+s 2.以 s 结尾的复数名词,在词尾+3.不以 s 结尾的不规则复数名词,在词尾+s 4.假设表示两者各自拥有的东西,在两个名词后面都+s;假设表示两者共同拥有一个东西,则只在后面的名词后+s 5.一些表示日期,时间,距离,国家名

26、称的无生命的名词,也可加s 6.如果 s 后面的词是商店,住宅等地点,后面的名词要省略。感慨句感慨句通常由what 或 how 引导,用以表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦等感情,句末一般用感慨号。一感慨句句型:1.What +a (an)+ 形容词 +可数名词单数+主语 +动词 +!What+形容词 +可数名词复数或可数名词+主语 +其他!Eg: What a beautiful girl (she is)! What beautiful girls (they are)! 2.how+形容词 /副词 +主语 +动词 !How beautiful (the girl is)! 二感慨句口诀:名师资料总结

27、- - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页,共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 陈改感慨并不难,what 或 how 放最前;形副紧跟how 后, what 要和名词连;主语谓语在句末,它们省略也常见。三 “一断,二加,三换位”法。一断:在谓语后面断开,使句子分为两部分。Eg:He is / a good teacher. 二加:在第二部分前加上how 或 what。Eg:He is / what a good teacher. 三换位:把第一部分和第二部分位置互换,句号

28、改成感慨号。Eg: What a good teacher he is! 将以下句子改为感慨句。1.The ship is big. _ 2.This film is very good. _ 3.He works very hard. _ 4.It is a nice book. _ _ nice present it is! 5.It is a funny day today. _ _ sunny day it is day! 6.She plays basketball well. _ _ she plays basketball! Too 的用法“也”的意思,用于句末。Eg: Nice

29、 to meet you . Nice to meet you ,too. “太” ,强调程度。3.有关 too 的短语:“ much too”表示“太 .” =too “ too much+不可数名词”表示“太多 .” =much “too many+ 可数名词复数”表示“太多 .=many “tooto” 表示“太。 。而不能。 。 ”too 与 also too 与 also 都有也的意思,两者都用于肯定句中,但位置不同。Too 常用于句末,口气轻,多用于口语Also 常用于句中, ,口气较重,多用于书面语。基数词和序数词基数词:表示数目多少的数词。序数词:表示先后顺序的数词。序数词前要

30、加the。基数词变序数词口诀:基变序,有规律,词尾加上th;一二三,特殊记,词尾字母tdd;八去 t,九去 e,f 要把 ve 替。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页,共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - Ty 要把 y 变 i,记住 th 前有个 e。假设是遇见几十几,只变个位九可以。用所给数词填空。1.Sunday is the _ day of a week. (one) 2.There are _ hours in a day. (twenty

31、 four) 3.His sister is _ years old.(ten) 4.Ten and five is _.(five) 5.Teachers Day is on the _ of September.(ten) Some 和 any Some和 any 都有“一些”的意思,既修饰可数名词复数,又修饰不可数名词。Some和 any 的用法口诀:肯定句中用some,否认、疑问用any。但有两点特殊记:假设表邀请或请求,疑问也要用some。假设表“任何一个“接单数,肯定也要用any。Let 型祈使句Let+宾语 +动词原形 +其他 let sb. do sth.1.表示“建议,劝导”

32、2.表示“请求,命令”表示到做某事的时间了It s time for+ 名词It s time to +动词句子类型1.肯定句变否认句:1) 有 be 动词, be 动词后加not 2) 有情态动词,情态动词后加not 3) 有实义动词,借助动词do 或 does,再加 not 2.肯定句变一般疑问句:1) 有 be 动词, be 动词提前2) 有情态动词,情态动词提前3) 有实义动词,借助动词do 或 does,把 do 或 does提前3.特殊疑问句特殊疑问词 +一般疑问句喜欢做某事Like doing 动词 ing 形式的变化规则:1) 大部分动词直接在词尾+ing 名师资料总结 - -

33、 -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 9 页,共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - 2) 以不发音的字母e结尾的词,先去e,再加 ing 3) 以单个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,先双写末尾的福音字母,再加ing Like doing 和 like to do Like doing 和 like to do 都表示“喜欢做某事”Like doing 表示的是爱好或者经常性的行为Like to do 表示的是某一次的具体的行为。情态动词 can 的用法Can 的用法口诀:“我”是情态

34、动词can,假设表能力我承担;不管主语怎么变,can 的模样都不变;动词原形站后边,一般疑问can 提前;否认 can后 not 添,学好can 很简单。表达擅长做某事Be good at+动词 ing/名词 /代词询问职业1.what +do/does +主语 +do ? 2.what +is/are + s(物主代词 )+job? Help 的用法1 H 2 H 询问某人怎么了What s wrong with.? =what s the matter? 询问别人多大了How old+be+ 主语?Look out 小心Wait a minute 等一下DonFirst, next thenfinally Merry Christmas! 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 10 页,共 10 页 - - - - - - - - -

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