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1、专四个人总结2021英语专四语法重点总结-主谓一致2021英语专四语法重点总结：主谓一致2021年英语专业英语四级考试已进入冲刺阶段适当做些模拟练习题有助于同学们在考前着重复习自己的弱项希望百度文库整理的2021英语专四语法重点总结：主谓一致能给同学们带来帮助。1)“就远原则”：在“A+(with,togetherwith,alongwith,aswellas,but,except,besides,like,including,ratherthan,morethan,nolessthan)+B”结构中谓语动词的单复数与之A一致。1.MrWells,togetherwithallthemembe
2、rsofhisfamily,_isleaving_forEuropethisafternoon.20_A.aretoleaveB.areleavingC.isleavingD.Leave2)就近原则：neithernor,(either)or,notonlybutalso,notbut等并列结构作主语时采取就近原则：谓语动词的数由与其最接近的那个主语的数决定。1.Itisfutiletodiscussthematterfurther,because_neitheryounorIam_goingtoagreeuponanythingtoday.20_A.neitheryounorIaremeno
3、ryouare2.Neither_ofthetwinswasarrested,becauseIsawbothatapartylastnight.20_A.NoneB.BothC.NeitherD.AllB.neitheryounormeisC.neitheryounorIamD.neither3)a/thenumberof复数名词”作主语表示“的数量”时谓语动词用单数；表示“一些/许多”时谓语动词用复数。4)morethanone+n/Manya+n/EveryAandeveryB/NoAandnoB/oneandahalf+n谓语动词用单数。注意：more复数名词+thanone用复数Mor
4、emembersthanoneareagainstyourplan.5)由and连接的多个成分若表示一种事物或一种概念时用单数动词；若表示的是多个不同的概念时则用复数动词。并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:breadandbutter,breadandcheese,aknifeandfork,acartandhorse,needleandthread,lawandorder,fishandchips,meatandpotatoes6)若and连接两个并列主语且and后面的名词有相关的副词（not,perhaps,particularly,even,too
5、,likewise,aswell等）修饰则谓语动词形式与and前面的名词保持一致。因为此时句子的真历年专四语法真题总结附答案专四语法真题集I.独立主格结构1.Agricultureisthecountry?schiefsourceofwealth,wheat_byfarthebiggestcerealcrop.a.isb.beenc.bed.beingTEM-420_2.Time_,thecelebrationwillbeheldasscheduled.a.permitb.permittingc.permittedd.permitsTEM-420_3.There_nothingmoreford
6、iscussion,themeetingcametoanendhalfanhourearlier.a.tobeb.tohavebeenc.beingd.be20004._nocauseforalarm,theoldmanwentbacktohisbedroom.a.Therewasb.Sincec.Beingd.Therebeing19965.Thecountry?schiefexportsarecoal,carsandcottongoods,cars_themostimportantofthese.a.havebeenb.arec.beingd.arebeing1994Answers:dbc
7、dcII.定语从句1.Abovethetreesarethehills,_magnificencetheriverfaithfullyreflectsonthesurface.a.whereb.ofwhosec.whosed.which20_2.Theyovercameallthedifficultiesandpletedtheprojecttwomonthsaheadoftime,_issomethingwehadnotexpected.a.whichb.itc.thatd.what20_3.Heisquitewornoutfromyearsofhardwork.Heisnottheman_
8、hewastwentyyearsago.a.whichb.thatc.whod.whom20_4.We?vejustinstalledtwoair-conditionersinourapartment,_shouldmakegreatdifferencesinourlifenextsummer.a.whichb.whatc.thatd.they20_5.Haveyoueverbeeninasituation_youknowtheotherpersonisrightyetyoucannotagreewithhim?a.bywhichb.thatc.inwhered.where20_6.Firms
9、thatuseputershavefoundthatthenumberofstaff_isneededforqualitycontrolcanbesubstantiallyreduced.a.whoseb.asc.whatd.that20007.I?veneverbeentoLhasa,butthat?sthecity_.a.I?dmostliketovisitb.whichIliketovisitmostlyc.whereIliketovisitd.I?dlikemuchtovisit19998.Sherememberedseveraloccasionsinthepast_shehadexp
10、eriencedasimilarfeeling.a.whichb.beforec.thatd.when19989.Thephysicisthasmadeadiscovery,_ofgreatimportancetotheprogressofscienceandtechnology.a.Ithinkwhichisb.thatIthinkisc.whichIthinkisd.Ithinkthatis1997110.IhaveneverbeentoLondon,butthatisthecity_.a.whereIliketovisitmostb.I?dmostliketovisitc.whichIl
11、iketovisitmostlyd.whereI?dlikemosttovisit199711.Thispanyhasnowintroducedapolicy_payrisesarerelatedtoperformanceatwork.a.whichb.wherec.whetherd.what199612.Onlytaketheseclothes_reallynecessary.a.aswereb.astheyarec.astheywered.asare199413._isoftenthecasewithanewidea,muchpreliminaryactivityandoptimistic
12、discussionproducednoconcreteproposals.a.Thatb.Itc.Thisd.As1994Answers:1-5:cabad6-10:daccb11-13:bbdIII.状语从句让步状语从句1._IlikeeconomicsIlikesociologymuchbetter.a.Asmuchasb.Somuchc.Howmuchd.Muchas20_2.Fool_Janeis,shecouldnothavedonesuchathing.a.whob.asc.thatd.like20_3._Isympathize,Ican?treallydoverymuchtoh
13、elpthemoutofthedifficulties.a.aslongasb.asc.whiled.even20_4._heneededmoneyforanewcar,hedecidednottoborrowitfromthebank.a.Muchasb.Muchthoughc.Asmuchd.Thoughmuch19985._,heisreadytoacceptsuggestionsformdifferentsources.a.Insteadofhisnotablecontributionsb.Forallhisnotablecontributionsc.Hismakingnotablec
14、ontributionsd.Howeverhisnotablecontributions1997Answers:1-5:dbcab结果状语从句1.-DoesAlanlikelimburgers?-Yes.Somuch_thatheeatsthema.forb.asc.tod.so20_2.Thebrillianceofhissatireswas_makeevenhisvictimslaugh.a.soastob.suchastoc.sothatd.suchthat1996Answers:db方式状语从句1.Shedidherwork_hermanagerhadinstructed.a.asb.
15、untilc.whend.though20_Answers:a原因状语从句1.Mr.Whiteworkswithachemicalsimportandexportpany,buthe_forthisindustrialfair,sinceheisonleave.a.hasworkedb.worksc.hasbeenworkingd.isworking1998Answers:d(此题选项主要是时态方面的但能否做出正确选择取决于对since从句的判断)2条件状语从句1.Youwon?tgetaloan_youcanoffersomesecurity.a.lestb.incasec.unlessd.
16、otherthan19962._time,he?llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.a.Havingb.Givenc.Givingd.Had19963._Iwasverymuchmistaken,therewassomethingwrongwithLouise.a.Unlessb.Asc.Thoughd.Since1995Answers:1-5:cba(本人认为c也可以只是语义较勉强而已ifyouaremistaken,youarewrongaboutsomethingthatyouthoughtyoukneworsaw,)比较状语从句1.Theexperimentr
17、equiresmoremoneythan_.a.havebeenputinb.beingputinc.hasbeenputind.tobeputin20_2.Thereoughttobelessanxietyovertheperceivedriskofmountainclimbingthan_inthepublicmindtoday.a.existsb.existc.existingd.toexist19993.heindoorswimmingpoolseemstobeagreatdealmoreluxuriousthan_.a.isnecessaryb.beingnecessaryc.tob
18、enecessaryd.itisnecessary1998Answers:1-3：cac(提示：than=thanwhat;记住：than后跟的是比较状语从句)IV名词性从句同位语从句1.Thereisnodoubt_thepanyhasmadetherightdecisiononthesalesproject.a.whyb.thatc.whetherd.when20_Answer:b表语从句1.Intellectistothemind_sightistothebody.a.whatb.asc.thatd.like20_2.Heis_asa“bellyacher”he?salwaysplain
19、ingaboutsomething.a.whoisknownb.whomisknownc.whatisknownd.whichisknown1999Answer:ac宾语从句1.Who_wasingtoseemeinmyofficethisafternoon?a.yousaidb.didyousayc.didyousaythatd.youdidsay20_2.After_seemedanendlesswait,itwasherturntoenterthepersonnelmanagersoffice.a.thatb.therec.whatd.it19993.Theteamcanhandlewh
20、atever_.a.thatneedshandlingb.whichneedshandlingc.itneedshandlingd.needstobehandled19974.Wecanassignthetaskto_iscapableandtrustworthy.a.whomeverb.whoc.whomd.whoever1994Answers:1-5:bcdd3IV.比较级和最高级1.Fatcannotchangeintomuscle_musclechangesintofat.a.anymorethanb.nomorethanc.nolessthand.muchmorethan19992.
21、Itisnotsomuchthelanguage_theculturalbackgroundthatmakesthebookdifficulttounderstand.a.butb.norc.asd.like19993.Johnis_hardworkingthanhissister,buthefailedintheexam.a.nolessb.nomorec.notlessd.noso19984.Languagebelongstoeachmemberofthesociety,tothecleaner_totheprofessor.a.asfarasb.thesameasc.asmuchasd.
22、aslongas19985.WesternNebraskagenerallyreceiveslesssnowthan_EasternNebraska.a.inb.itreceivesinc.doesd.itdoesin19966._thetwo,Bobis_student.a.Of,morediligentb.In,morediligentc.Of,themorediligentd.In,muchmorediligent19957.Shehastakengreatpainstoconcealheremotions,andtherebymadethem_conspicuous.a.allthem
23、oreb.allthemuchc.allmored.allmuch1994Answers:1-5:acacc(倒装)6-7:caV.虚拟语气1.Theopeningceremonyisagreatoccasion.Itisessential_forthat.a.forustobepreparedb.thatwearepreparedc.ofustobepreparedd.ourbeingprepared20_2._forthefactthatshebrokeherleg,shemighthavepassedtheexam.a.Haditnotbeenb.Hadn?titbeenc.Wasitn
24、otd.Wereitnot20_3.“Whatcoursesareyougoingtodonextsemester?”“Idon?tknow.Butit?sabouttime_onsomething.”a.I?ddecideb.Idecidedc.Idecided.I?mdeciding20_4.Allofuswouldhaveenjoyedthepartymuchmoreifthere_quitesuchacrowdofpeoplethere.a.weren?tb.hasn?tbeenc.hadn?tbeend.wouldn?tbe20005.Ifyouhavereallybeenstudy
25、ingEnglishforsolong,itsabouttimeyou_abletowritelettersinEnglish.a.shouldbeb.werec.mustbed.are19996.Ifyourcar_anyattentionduringthefirst12months,takeittoanauthorizeddealer.a.shallneedb.shouldneedc.wouldneedd.willneed19987.Heleftordersthatnothing_toucheduntilthepolicearrivedhere.a.shouldbeb.oughttobec
26、.mustbed.wouldbe19988.Iwastohavemadeaspeechif_.a.Iwasnotcalledawayb.nobodywouldhavecalledmeaway4c.Ihadnotbeencalledawayd.nobodycalledmeaway19979.I_thepartymuchmoreiftherehadn?tbeenquitesuchacrowdofpeoplethere.a.wouldenjoyb.willhaveenjoyedc.wouldhaveenjoyedd.willbeenjoying199610.Wecould_himwithadetac
27、hedhousewhenhecame,buthehadspecificallyaskedforasmallflat.a.provideb.haveprovidedc.notprovided.nothaveprovided199511._,hewouldnothaverecoveredsoquickly.a.Hadn?thebeentakengoodcareofb.Hadhenotbeentakengoodcareofc.Hadnothebeentakengoodcareofd.Hadhebeennottakengoodcareof199512._yourtimelyadvice,Iwouldn
28、everhaveknownhowtogoaboutthework.a.Unlessb.Butforc.Exceptford.Notfor199413.Itwasremendedthatpassengers_smokeduringtheflight.a.notb.neednotc.couldnotd.wouldnot199414._youwerebusy,Iwouldn?thavebotheredyouwithmyquestions.a.IfIrealizedb.HadIrealizedc.Irealizedthatd.AsIrealized1994Answers:1-5:aabcb6-10:b
29、accb11-15:bbabVI.反意疑问句1.Shewouldhavebeenmoreagreeableifshehadchangedalittlebit,_?a.hadn?tsheb.hasn?tshec.wouldn?tshed.didn?tshe20_2.Dohelpyourselftosomefruit,_you?a.can?tb.don?tc.wouldn?td.won?t20003.Whenyouhavefinishedwiththatvideotape,don?tforgettoputitinmydrawer,_?a.doyoub.willyouc.don?tyoud.won?
30、tyou19984.YouandIcouldhardlyunderstand,_?a.couldIb.couldn?tyouc.couldn?twed.couldwe1995Answers:1-5:cdbdVII.一致主谓一致1.Itisfutiletodiscussthematterfurther,because_goingtoagreeuponanythingtoday.a.neitheryounorIareb.neitheryounormeisc.neitheryounorIamd.neithermenoryouare20_Answer:cVIII.时态现在完成进行1.Jack_from
31、homefortwodaysnow,andIambeginningtoworryabouthissafety.a.hasbeenmissingb.hasbeenmissedc.hadbeenmissingd.wasmissed20_2.Forsometimenow,worldleaders_outthenecessityforagreementonarmsreduction.a.hadbeenpointingb.havebeenpointingc.werepointingd.pointed20_Answer:ab5现在进行1.HowcanIeverconcentrateifyou_contin
32、ually_mewithsillyquestions?a.haveinterruptedb.hadinterruptedc.areinterruptingd.wereinterrupting1997Answers:cI_.插入语1.Who_wasingtoseemeinmyofficethisafternoon?a.yousaidb.didyousayc.didyousaythatd.youdidsay20_Answer:b(这道题的a选项会让考生想到插入语；其实不是这是对宾语从句中的主语提问；做题技巧是把问句还原成陈述句后再来处理)_.副词1.Shemanagedtosave_shecoul
33、doutofherwagestohelpherbrother.a.howlittlemoneyb.solittlemoneyc.suchlittlemoneyd.whatlittlemoney20_2.Hisstrongsenseofhumorwas_makeeveryoneintheroomburstoutlaughing.a.soastob.suchastoc.sothatd.suchthat19983.IfeltthatIwasnotyet_totravelabroad.a.toostrongb.strongenoughc.sostrongdenoughstrong1997Answers
34、：1：d(虽然答案与副词无关但排除前三个选项需要相关的副词how和so的用法知识)2:b(类似前一题)3：b.不定式、现在分词、过去分词和动名词1.AIDSissaid_thenumber-onekillerofbothmenandwomenoverthepastfewyearsintheregion.a.beingb.tobec.tohavebeend.havingbeen20_2._isnotaseriousdisadvantageinlife.a.Tobenottallb.Nottobetallc.Beingnottalld.Notbeingtall20_3._himtomorrow?a
35、.Whynottocallonb.Whydon?tcallonc.Whynotcallingond.Whynotcallon20_4._atinthisway,thepresenteconomicsituationdoesn?tseemsogloomy.a.Lookingb.Lookedc.Havinglookedd.Tolook20005.Thisisanillnessthatcanresultintotalblindness_leftuntreated.a.afterb.ifc.sinced.unless20006.ProfessorJohnsonissaid_somesignifican
36、tadvanceinhisresearchinthepastyear.a.havingmadeb.makingc.tohavemaded.tomake19997.Thethreementriedmanytimestosneakacrosstheborderintotheneighboringcountry,_bythepoliceeachtime.a.hadbeencapturedb.beingalwayscapturedc.onlytobecapturedd.unfortunatelycaptured19998.TheClarkshaven?tdecidedyetwhichhotel_.a.
37、tostayb.istostayc.tostayatd.isforstaying19989._,hecannowonlywatchitonTVathome.6a.Obtainingnotaticketforthematchb.Notobtainingaticketforthematchc.Nothavingobtainedaticketforthematchd.Notobtainedaticketforthematch199810._enoughtimeandmoney,theresearcherswouldhavebeenabletodiscovermoreinthisfield.a.Giv
38、ingb.Togivec.Givend.Beinggiven199811.Hewasn?taskedtotakeonthechairmanshipofthesociety,_insufficientlypoplarwithallmembers.a.havingconsideredb.wasconsideredc.wasbeingconsideredd.beingconsidered199612.Thismayhavepreservedtheelephantfrombeingwipedoutaswellasotheranimals_inAfrica.a.huntedb.huntingc.that
39、huntedd.arehunted199613.Ininternationalmatches,prestigeissoimportantthattheonlythingthatmattersistoavoid_.a.frombeingbeatenb.beingbeatenc.beatingd.tobebeaten199614.Henoticedthehelicopterhoveringoverthefield.Thentohisastonishment,hesawaropeladder_outandthreemenclimbingdownit.a.throwingb.beingthrownc.
40、havingthrownd.havingbeenthrown199515.Heresented_towait.Heexpectedtheminister_himatonce.a.tobeasked,toseeb.beingasked,toseec.tobeasked,seeingd.beingasked,seeing199516.Thismissileisdesignedsothatonce_nothingcanbedooretrieveit.a.firedb.beingfiredc.theyfiredd.havingfired199517.Arrivingatthebusstop,_wait
41、ingthere.a.alotofpeoplewereb.hefoundalotofpeoplec.alotofpeopled.peoplewerefound199418._regulartraininginnursing,shecouldhardlycopewiththeworkatfirst.a.Notreceivedb.Sincereceivingc.Havingreceivedd.Nothavingreceived1994Answers：1-5:cddbb6-10:ccccc11-15:dabdb16-18:abd_II.代词1.Yourideas,_,seemunusualtome.
42、a.likeherb.likehersc.similartoherd.similartoherself20_2._ofthetwinswasarrested,becauseIsawbothatapartylastnight.a.Noneb.Bothc.Neitherd.All20_3.Itwasasaphysicianthatherepresentedhimself,and_hewaswarmlyreceived.a.assuchb.suchasc.asthatd.sothat1997Answers:bca_III.平行结构1.Evenasagirl,_tobeherlife,andtheat
43、eraudiencesweretobeherbestteachers.a.performingbyMelissawereb.itwasknownthatMelissa?sperformanceswerec.knowingthatMelissa?sperformanceswered.Melissaknewthatperformingwas20_7Answer:d.情态动词1.You_Jimanythingaboutit.Itwasnoneofhisbusiness.a.needn?thavetoldb.needn?ttellc.mustn?thavetoldd.mustn?ttell20002.
44、He_unwisely,buthewasatleasttryingtodosomethinghelpful.a.mayhaveactedb.musthaveactedc.shouldactd.wouldact19993.Muchas_,Icouldn?tlendhimthemoneybecauseIsimplydidn?thavethatmuchsparecash.a.Iwouldhavelikedtob.Iwouldliketohavec.Ishouldhavetoliked.Ishouldhavelikedto19994.You_Markanything.Itwasnoneofhisbus
45、iness.a.needn?thavetoldb.needn?ttellc.mustn?thavetoldd.mustn?ttell19985.Asitturnedouttobeasmallhouseparty,we_soformally.a.neednothavedressedupb.mustnothavedressedupc.didnotneedtodressupd.mustnotdressup19966.Themeeting?sbeencancelled.Ann_allthatwork.a.needtodob.needhavec.needn?thavedoned.needednottod
46、o19957.“Shemustbeinthedormitorynow.”“No,she_bethere.Isawherintheclassroomaminuteago.”a.mustn?tb.can?tc.couldn?td.wouldn?t19948.He_the8:20busbecausehedidn?tleavehometill8:25.a.couldn?thavecaughtb.oughttohavecaughtc.shouldn?thavecaughtd.mustnothavecaught1994Answer:1-5:aaaaa6-10:cba(must表推测只用于肯定句中否定用ca
47、n/couldnot).It的用法1.eandseemewhenever_.a.youareconvenientb.youwillbeconvenientc.itisconvenienttoyoud.itwillbeconvenienttoyouAnswer:c(也可认为是对convenient一词用法的考查)1997.冠词1.Theideaoftravelingthrough_spacetootherplasinterestsmanypeopletoday.a.ab.thec./d.one19952._humanproblemsthatrepeatthemselvesin_liferepeatthemselvesin_literature.a./,/,theb./,the,/c.The,/,/d.The,the,the19948Answers:cc.省略/替代动词1.Acutehearinghelpsmostanimalssensetheapproachofthunderstormslongbeforepeople_.a.dob.hearc.dothemd.hearingit20002.Thecentralprovinceshavefloodsinsomeyears,and_.2000a.droughtinothersb.droughtsare