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1、FOREIGH LANGUAGE TEACHING AND RESEARCH PRESS AIR FORCE ENGINEERING UNIVERTISYSpend or save The students dilemmaA man who both spends and saves money is the happiest man, because he has both enjoyments. Samuel Johnson (English writer)You must learn to save first and spend afterward. John Poole (Engli
2、sh playwright)5UNIT 5UNITSpend or save The students dilemmaTo talk about moneyTo further understand the textTo apply the phrases and patternsTo master the essay writing skillASection Warming-up Activities Text Study Language Application SummaryASectionWarming-up Activities1. What do college students
3、 spend their money on? Tuition and fees; Textbooks or other school supplies; Food and drink; Transportation in the form of bus or train tickets; Electronics, such as laptops and smart phones; Entertainment ; 2. How to manage money as a college student? Create a strict budget and commit to sticking w
4、ith it; Prioritize ones finances by identifying the areas in which one need to spend money; Remember to save; Avoid credit cards; Text StudyASectionmanipulateman作为词根表示“手”，而不是“男人”（其实这是很有道理的哦，男人就是要靠双手劳动，养活家庭）。man+pul(=pull拉)=用手拉动=操纵（大家想到提线木偶的操纵方式了吗？）manipulate a machinemanipulate your subordinates def
5、yIf you defy the law, you may find yourself in prison.如果你不服从法律, 你就可能会坐牢。contradict【记】contra反，dict说反着你的意思说反驳 He contradicted his own statement.他否认他自己说过的话。recessionaccess：接近助记ac（辅音双写，前面加a）：一再。“一再走过去”接近。process：前进，加工助记“往前走”recession：休息，企业处在停业整顿阶段助记re-回来excess：过度，剩余助记ex-过concession：妥协，让步助记con-共同，“你走一步，我
6、也走一步”nasty【记】“那死蹄”运动后,他那死蹄子(脚)臭死人了令人作呕的。 resume【记】re(音似：阿姨)+sum(总和)+e阿姨总和了一下过去，写了一份简历，重新开始找工作。 I tried to persuade her to resume her job as secretary.我试图劝她重新干她的秘书工作。Negotiations are expected to be resumed soon.预期不久就能恢复谈判urge【记】“饿之”饿他，力劝他悔过。 Your progress will urge us to work hard.你的进步会促进我们努力学习。Urge:
7、催促，强烈要求，力劝催促，强烈要求，力劝 The salesman urged the monks to buy combs. 派生词 Urgent:紧迫的 Urgency：紧急的事情suspend【记】sus在下面+pend挂在下面悬吊，引申为中止 The students suspended demonstration this weekend.He was suspended from school due to cheating. appetitepet是“要求、追求、需要、争抢”，在pet前面加个ap呢，就是“加强、更”的意思，比如attend, append, occur，allo
8、w ,opportunity等等，那么appetite呢，就是“更加追求、更加想要”的意思，就被西方文化赋予了“食欲、胃口”的细化意思。disguise【记】dis(否定)+guise(外观)不是真正的外观伪装。 【句】She disguised herself as a man. 她将自己乔装成男人。 derivede离开+river流动流自起源He his enthusiasm for literature his father. nourish【记】“纳睿食”吸纳聪睿的食物养育孩子。 【句】Sunlight and water nourish the plants. 阳光和水分滋养植物。
9、 compact【记】com+pact=共同打包，压紧。 scatter【记】谐音：撕开他，身体分散retaintain=hold, keep, haveretain的意思是保留，持有，继续拥有。强调的是这种拥有是持续性的，反复性的。sustain的意思是维持，支撑，承受。强调的是维系。一般承受这种压力的主体都是在下面默默的承受。contain的意思是包含，容纳，含有的意思，就是把东西聚集到一起拥有。hinderhind（adj 后边的；后面的），er使得落在后面阻碍 to hinder someone from doing something阻止某人做某事 Because when the
10、government encourages people to _ to get out of the recession, they also advice people to_. Similarly, when banks offer higher _ to increase savings they send _ to let people spend more.save moreinterest ratesAccording to the writer, why do the messages we get from our environment seem to defy commo
11、n sense and contradict each other? (Para. 1)spend moneycredit card offers Another familiar example.(Para. 2)Dont pay on timeAs soon as we payCredit Card Bill we get demanding, nasty emails saying : “Your failure to pay is unacceptable. Pay immediately or youll be in trouble!”we get an email in a cha
12、rming tone telling us how valuable a customer we are and encouraging us to resume spending.这里还有一个大家熟悉的例子：如果我们不按时支付信用卡账单，我们会收到从信用卡公司发来类似这样的令人讨厌的催缴账单的电子邮件原句译文原句译文逆译练习逆译练习Heres another familiar example: If we dont pay our credit card bill on time, we get demanding, nasty emails from the credit card com
13、pany saying something like句型提炼句型提炼Heres another familiar example: 句型提炼句型提炼应用提示应用提示用于列举“人们熟知的事例”。句型句型应用应用(gourmet/ be sold on / Peking Duck) 典型例句这里还有一个大家熟悉例子: “ 西方美食家已对北京烤鸭极有兴趣. ” 意群提示Here is another familiar example : “ Western gourmets are sold on Peking Duck. ” Two sets of messages(Paras. 3-5)“Upr
14、ight” message, which urges us, “Work hard and save. _. Avoid luxuries. _ for more than you truly need.” This message comes to us from_, from_, even from political figures referring to “_”. “Permissive” message, “Buy, spend, get it now. You need this!”, is_. Advertisements _ our daily lives. The esse
15、ntial message is cemented into our consciousness, “Its good to _. You should have what you want. You deserve the best. So, you should _!”Suspend your desiresControl your appetite schoolparentstraditional valuesinescapableinvadesatisfy your desiresbuy it nowTwo sets of messages(Paras. 3-5)“Upright” m
16、essage, which urges us, “Work hard and save. _. Avoid luxuries. _ for more than you truly need.” This message comes to us from_, from_, even from political figures referring to “_”. “Permissive” message, “Buy, spend, get it now. You need this!”, is_. Advertisements _ our daily lives. The essential m
17、essage is cemented into our consciousness, “Its good to _. You should have what you want. You deserve the best. So, you should _!”Suspend your desiresControl your appetite schoolparentstraditional valuesinescapableinvadesatisfy your desiresbuy it nowWHY?on TV, in movies, on printed media and road si
18、gns, in stores, and on busses, trains and subways.The only time you can escape advertising is when youre in your bed asleep! By the age of 18, the average American will have seen 600,000 ads; by the age of 40, the total is almost one million.据计算，普通的美国人到18岁时，会看过60万个广告。 原句译文原句译文逆译练习逆译练习Its been calcul
19、ated that by the age of 18, the average American will have seen 600,000 ads.句型提炼句型提炼Its been calculated that句型提炼句型提炼应用提示应用提示用于引出“有说服力的数据”。 句型应用句型应用(calculate/ population / double ) 典型例句据计算，世界人口在本世纪末将要增加一倍。意群提示Its been calculated that the worlds population will double by the end of the century. What
20、happens as we take in these contradictory but explicit messages? What are the psychological and social consequences of this campaign to control our spending habits? (Para. 6)We want more things because we want to satisfy our material appetite. Most of us derive pleasure from treating ourselves.Watch
21、 out, take stock of your life, dont let your attention get scattered. Postpone your desires. Dont fall into debt. Wait! Retain control over your own life. It will make you stronger.（对形势）作出估计（判断）（对形势）作出估计（判断）(take stock of / position) We had to take stock of our position before we could decide what t
22、o do next. take stock (of sth.) 短语逆译短语应用我们在决定下一步做什么以前，必须对我们的处境作出判断。意群提示Why should students consider financial well-being as a key ingredient of university education? (Para. 7) Because money worries can make students feel terrible and hinder their ability to focus on their main goal: to successfully
23、complete their education.What can students do to be financially healthy and have no money worries? (Para. 8)They can go to: financial literacy classes; schools financial aid office; seek input from parents or other adults; find a partner; ask for help 1. What does financial literacy refer to ? The a
24、bility to understand financial matters; The set of skills and knowledge; Allows an individual to make informed and effective decisions through understanding of finances.An educated consumer and saverBalancespending and savingCaptain of your own shipSuccessful and productive directionWhat conclusion
25、can you draw from the text? (Para. 9)Learn to Steer inBecome学会了如何平衡支出和储蓄，你就会成为你自己的船长，驾驶着你的生活之帆，乘风破浪，驶向成功和富饶。原句译文原句译文逆译练习逆译练习As you learn to balance spending and saving, you will become the captain of your own ship, steering your life in a successful and productive direction through the choppy waters
26、.句型提炼句型提炼As sb. learn to do sth., sb.will do sth.句型提炼句型提炼应用提示应用提示用于表达“某人学会某事就会有所收获”。句型应用句型应用(dive / appreciate/ magnetism/ to your heart content)典型例句学会了潜水就会见到海下的美丽景色，尽情领略大海的魅力。意群提示As you learn to dive, you will see the beautiful view under the sea, appreciating the magnetism of the sea to your heart
27、 content. Part III Paras. 7-9Students should learn how to become a smart and _ consumer and how to successfully _, which will help them gain a successful and production life.educatedmanage their financesWere confused and manipulated by two contradictory messages - spend or save? (Para. 1)The governm
28、ent tells us to spend more to help end the recession. Banks send credit cards to encourage more spending.They also tell us to save more for our financial well-being. Banks offer higher interest rates to encourage saving more.Example of contradictory messages: a failing consumer or a valued customer?
29、 (Para. 2)If we dont pay our credit card bill, we get nasty emails saying: “Your failure to pay is unacceptable. Pay immediately or you will be in trouble!”As soon as we pay, we get an email in a charming tone, addressing us as valuable customers and encouraging us to resume spending.The “upright” m
30、essage urges us to work hard and save, suspend our desires, avoid luxuries, and control our appetite for more than w e t r u l y n e e d . T h i s message comes to us from many sources such as school, parents, and even politicians. (Para. 3)The opposite permissive messages to spend are everywhere ar
31、ound us: on TV, road signs, etc. The essential message is c e m e n t e d i n t o o u r consciousness from ads: Its good to satisfy our desires; we deserve what we want and the best we want. (Paras. 4-5)The psychological and social consequences of the contradictory message (Para. 6)On one hand, we a
32、lways want more things because we want to satisfy our material appetite. Most of us derive pleasure from treating ourselves.On the other hand, a little voice warns us: watch out, postpone your desires, dont fall into debt, and retain control over your own life.It is important to learn how to balance
33、 spending and saving to make your life better. (Para. 9)Successfully manage your finances so that you can focus on your primary goal. (Para. 7)Advice: attend financial literacy classes, consult with someone to help set up a budget, find a partner to stay on track and get pleasure from administrating
34、 your own financial affairs. Most importantly, seek help before your financial problem becomes worse. (Para. 8) 艰苦创业，忠于家庭，能推迟欲望是美国价值观的核心，它使我们的国家变得强大。 a. Hard work, family loyalty, and the capacity to postpone desires are core American values that have made our country great. (Para. 3, L6)我爱自己。我是自己的好
35、朋友。我只做让我感觉舒服的事。我从精美的东西里得到乐趣，并感觉它们给我滋养。我 过去做事常延迟购买, 但再也不会了。 b. I love me. Im a good friend to myself. I do what makes me feel good. I derive pleasure from nice things and feel nourished by them. I used to put things off. Not anymore. (Para. 5, L8)“当心，要掂量掂量自己的生活，不要让注意力分散。推迟欲望。不要陷入债务。要等待！保留对自己生活的控制权。这样
36、你会更坚强。” c. Watch out, take stock of your life, dont let your attention get scattered. Postpone your desires. Dont fall into debt. Wait! Retain control over your own life. It will make you stronger. (Para. 6, L5)学会了如何平衡支出和储蓄，你就会成为你自己的船长，驾驶着你的生活之帆，乘风破浪，驶向成功和富饶。 d. Most importantly, if you find yoursel
37、f getting into financial trouble, dont let your ego get in your way; urgently get help with tackling your problem before it spins out of control and lands you in legal troubles. (Para. 8, L6)1What are some of the effective techniques used to promote the selling of various products?2Do you prefer to
38、spend or save? Why?3How do you know whether youre overspending or not? Offer discount prices； Send giveaways； Associate with new technologies like Internet marketing；Compare with other merchandises.1. What are some of the effective techniques used to promote the selling of various products?2. Do you
39、 prefer to spend or save? Why? I will spend because life is so short and I dont want to be thrifty or spend money carefully, which will drive me crazy. I only know I should enjoy my life while Im still young and healthy. I will save because with the worsening economic situation everywhere, I dont kn
40、ow what could happen to me in the future. To be responsible for myself, I have to save some money for the future. When I dont have much pocket money with me. When I want to buy something inexpensive but I cant afford it. When I dont have money to hang out with my friends and classmates. When I see m
41、any things I dont need surrounding me. 3. How do you know whether youre overspending or not? How do you understand the following quotes “金钱往金钱往往成为真正情义的障碍物。往成为真正情义的障碍物。”and “Money is a good soldier, it can give people the courage instantly”? According to Zou Taofen(邹韬奋), Money often becomes the hindr
42、ance for chasing true friendship. The person with wealthy may always feel joyless, for they think others associate with he or she is for the money only. But Shakespeare thought money is very important. It makes people full of energy. We know money means food, clothing, books, etc. Families and peopl
43、e need it to buy things they must have. In this way society exists, and the world prospers. Q: What are the six steps for saving money mentioned in the passage? Listen to a short passage and discuss the following question. What are the six steps for saving money mentioned in the passage? You need to
44、 set ambitious goals to encourage you to save money； Form many money-saving habits while stay away from those that waste money； Economize your daily expense； Keep an eye on discounts information； Economize your social life.； While reducing the expenditures, you need to broaden your way earning money
45、. ASection Language ApplicationLearn a comparison / contrast essay To start with, if you have two items to compare or contrast, the first step is to figure out how they are similar and how they are different. if you are comparing or contrasting two professors, you might do so on these points: homewo
46、rk assignment, type of exam, class organization, grading system and style of teaching. The chart below illustrates how you can list your points:to be continuedhomework assignmentassignment due for every classhardly anytype of examessaymultiple choices and essayclass organizationwell organizedfree an
47、d easygrading system50% quiz, 50% essay exam100% essay examstyle of teachinglectureclass discussion, Q & A sectionto be continuedLearn a comparison / contrast essay The next step is to study your list and decide whether to write about similarities or differences, or both. It is usually best to conce
48、ntrate on one or the other. If you see that there are more similarities on the list, you might need to omit differences, or vice versa. The way to organize your points in your essay is either point-by-point or subject-by-subject. Please take a look at the chart below to see how you can organize the
49、detailswith this pattern :to be continuedto be continuedSubject-by-subject Professor AA Homework assignmentB Class organizationC Style of teaching Professor BA Homework assignmentB Class organizationC Style of teachingLets look at Paragraphs 3 & 4 of Text A to see how comparison and contrast method
50、is used to develop ideas:The paradox is that every day we get two sets of messages at odds with each other. The other we could call an “upright”message, which urges us, “Work hard and save. Suspend your desires. Avoid luxuries. Control your appetite for more than you truly need.” This message comes