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1、 精锐教育学科教师辅导讲义学员编号： 年 级：高一 课 时 数： 3学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师： 授课类型T (名词性从句)C （阅读）T （学法与能力主题）授课日期时段 教学内容一、 高考词组A字母1. be absent from 不在。；自。缺席汤姆今天没有来学校。Tom is absent from school today.2. be absorbed in 全神贯注于。 这位科学家终日废寝忘食地埋首于研究。The scientist is absorbed in research all day, neglecting sleep and meals.3. have ac
2、cess to sth 可接近。可进入。可利用 学生们可以在图书馆免费上网Students have free access to the Internet in the library.4. according to 根据 据报道，1998年中国很多地区发生了严重的水灾。According to the report, serious floods occurred in many parts of China in 1998.5. take .into account 把。考虑在内 请考虑一下我的感受。Please take my feelings into account.6. be/g
3、et accustomed to 习惯于。（to为介词） 我习惯睡前听点轻音乐。Im accustomed to listening to some light music before sleep.7. make great/ amazing achievements in 在。中取得巨大、惊人的成就 他早在二十多岁时就已经在工程学领域取得了巨大成就。In his twenties, he had already made great achievements in engineering.8. take action 采取行动take measures 采取措施9. adopt.to （使
4、。）适应。 （to为介词） 他的生活方式无法适应公司的要求。He didnt adapt his way of life to the company.10. addto 把。添加到。 add color to 为。增添色彩 add honor to 为。增光11. add to 增加，增添 大雨增加了我们的困难 The heavy rain added to our difficulties.12. in addition to 除。之外（还）（to为介词） 校园义卖活动不仅丰富了校园生活，还提高了学生们的组织活动能力。 In addition to enriching students s
5、chool life, the school charity sale has also improved their ability to organize an activity.13. admitto/ into 准许。进入。 他因成绩优异被复旦大学提前录取了。 He has been admitted to Fudan University in advance because of his excellent grades. 14. admit doing 承认做过 他承认酒后驾车。 He admitted driving after drinking.15. in advance
6、预先，事先16. take (full) advantage of （充分）利用，（趁机）利用 他利用她人好心软，三番五次向她借钱。 He took advantage of her kindness to borrow money from her again and again.17. have an advantage over.比。有优势 他的大学教育使得他在找工作时比别人有优势。 His college education made him have an advantage over others when he looked for a job.18. take/ follow
7、ones advice 听从某人的建议19. advise doing 建议做 advise taking/ having a weeks rest 建议休息一周20. advise sb to do 建议某人做。 advise him to stop smoking 建议他戒烟21. private affairs 私事family affairs 家事22. afford sth. to do sth 买得起，承担得起在偏远山区，很多与我同龄的儿童上不起学。In remote mountain areas, many children of about my age cant afford
8、 to go to school.23. be afraid of 害怕.不要太害怕犯错误Dont be too much afraid of making mistakes.24. be against 反对，违背，违反边开车边打手机是违反交通规则的。Driving while using cell phone is against the traffic rules.25. people of all ages 各个年龄的人26. agree with sb. 同意某人的意见，看法27. agree to ones suggestion/proposal/plan/arrangement
9、同意某人的建议/提议/计划/安排28. agree on 就.达成共识是否在黄浦江上再建一座大桥，委员们意见不一。The committee couldnt agree on whether to build another bridge over the Huangpu River.29. agree to do 同意做她从不同意做她妈妈要求她做的事情。She never agrees to do what her mother asks her to.30. reach an agrrement 达成协议二、 U1知识点【知识梳理1】 glance v瞥一眼；匆匆看一眼 常用搭配 glan
10、ce at She glanced at the watch and hurried to the office她匆匆看了一下手表就匆忙地赶去办公室。 【拓展】n一瞥；扫视 【必背】at a glance一眼就 He saw at a glance that she had been crying他一眼就看出来她哭过了。比较 glance / look / glare / stare 这四个词通常都作不及物动词，都有“看”的意思，但“看”的动作和侧重有所不同。glance指匆忙地看一眼，也指粗略地、随便看看；look表示有意识地注意看，将视线集中于某人或某物上，着重于看的动作；glare指愤怒
11、、凶猛地看，强调敌对或威胁的态度；stare指呆呆地看，含有粗鲁的意味。【例题精讲】例1. I didnt read the whole paper. I just _ the headlines. （glance）例2. _ the hall and he found many familiar faces among the audience.（glance n.）【巩固练习】1. _ at the stars in the sky, the boy dreamed of flying into space one day.2. The woman _ at the boss, too a
12、ngry to say a word.3. Its considered to be impolite for a man to _ at a lady, especially a stranger.4. The man _ at the clock and left hurriedly.5. At first _, the boy is clever.【知识梳理2】 prefer v宁可；更喜欢【常用搭配】 prefer A to B喜欢A胜过喜欢B I prefer tea to coffee比起喝咖啡，我更喜欢喝茶。 prefer doing A to doing B比起做B来更喜欢做A
13、 l prefer playing basketball to watching TV比起看电视，我更喜欢打篮球。 prefer to do A rather than do B宁愿而不 _.他宁愿租一辆车也不愿意买一辆。【例题精讲】例1. Bill preferred_ (play) soccer rather than swim.例2. He preferred renting a car to _(have)one of his own.【巩固练习】1. Joe prefers to skate rather than ski. 同义句_2. Bill preferred playing
14、 soccer to swimming. 同义句_【知识梳理3】communicate v交流；沟通【常用搭配】 communicate with与交流 communicate to传达；传递Anyone that knows anything about the crime is required to communicate with the police任何知情人都被要求和警方联系。The stove communicates heat to every corner in the room炉子将热量传递到房间里的每一个角落。【拓展】 communication n. 传达；传递 com
15、munications n. 通讯They are planning to establish wireless communications with us. 他们正计划与我们建立无线通讯。【例题精讲】例1. _.有时候，适当的肢体语言是一种有效的交流方式。例2. 在与别人交流时，我们要看着对方。(communicate)_【巩固练习】1. _ is a best way to share our feelings.A. Communicate B. Communication C. To communicating D. Communicating with1. 与人交谈时最好看着对方。(
16、look)_【知识梳理4】impression n. 印象give/make/leave a . impression on somebody 给某人留下的印象 The modern city left a good impression on the tourists. 这座现代化的城市给游客们留下了美好的印象。【拓展】impress v. 给极深的印象impress somebody with something 用给某人留下深刻的印象impress something on somebody 使意识到（重要性或严重性）impress on somebody something 使某人牢记
17、 The girl impressed me with her kindness. 这个女孩的和善给我留下了深刻的印象。【例题精讲】例1. _ 老师使学生们牢记每天操练英语口语的重要性。例2. _ adj. 令人印象深刻的；令人难忘的 _ 这次皇家婚礼给人们留下了深刻的印象。【巩固练习】1. He doesnt give me a good _(impress) at first.2. What _ you most when you were in Beijing?A. impressed B. was impressed C. impress D. is impressed 【知识梳理5】
18、remind v. 提醒；使想起remind somebody of something 使想起 The children playing in the park reminded the old man of his happy childhood. 公园里嬉戏的孩子让老人们想起来自己欢乐的童年。【拓展】remind somebody to do something 提醒某人做某事remind somebody that 提醒某人 Please remind me to take medicine tomorrow morning. 明早请提醒我吃药。【例题精讲】例1._ 一看到钟，我就意识
19、到开会迟到了。例2.我提醒过你这件事。 (remind)_【巩固练习】1. Please _ me _ the time we should set out?A. remind; of B. tell; about C. remind; that D. think; of2. 妈妈经常向我提及她在巴黎的日子。（remind）_【知识梳理6】 contact n. 接触，联系【常见搭配】 Keep in contact with 与。保持联系 make contact with与取得联系 lose contact with与失去联系 My father still kept in contact
20、 with some of his classmates from university。父亲和他大学里的一些同学仍然保持着联系。 Because of the war，the old woman lost contact with her family由于战争，这位老妇人和她的家人失去了联系。 【拓展】 v接触；联系；联络. 搭配：keep contact with He promised to contact me later他答应以后会和我联系。 contact lenses隐形眼镜【例题精讲】例1. _.二十年后，她成功地和在法国的舅舅取得了联系。例2.一定要记住：谈话时保持眼光接触是
21、很有必要的。(contact)_【巩固练习】1. Please _ me _ the time we should set out?A. remind; of B. tell; about C. remind; that D. think; of2.妈妈经常向我提及她在巴黎的日子。（remind）_【知识梳理7】maintain V保持；维持 The politician behaves very carefully to maintain his good reputation这位政客行为举止非常小心，就是为了维护自己的好名声。 【拓展】 V维修；保养 The highways are ma
22、intained very well这些高速公路维护保养得非常好。 maintenance n维持；维护；保养；生活费 The second-hand car is still in good maintenance这辆二手车依然保养得很好。【例题精讲】例1. _.二十年后，她成功地和在法国的舅舅取得了联系。例2.一定要记住：谈话时保持眼光接触是很有必要的。(contact)_【巩固练习】1. 虽然他们都住在附近，但我很快与他们失去了联系。(contact)_2. 他们已经很多年没有联系了。（contact）_【知识梳理8】consider V认为；把看作 【常用搭配】 consider(as
23、to be)认为是；把看作是 You are considered as my best friend我把你看作是我最好的朋友。 People consider Paris(to be)the heart of France人们把巴黎看作是法国的心脏。 【拓展】 V考虑 【必背】 consider doing something考虑做某事 consideration n考虑 【必背】 takeinto consideration考虑到 【例题精讲】例1. _为了解决这个问题，我们必须考虑到所有因素。例2. _adj替别人着想的；体贴的 _ adj相当大的；相当多的【巩固练习】1. 他们曾考虑买
24、一辆新车。(consider)_2. 她正在考虑出国进修。(consider)_【知识梳理9】1ack 缺少 The flowers died for lack of water由于缺水，这些花都枯死了。【拓展】lack v缺乏；不足；没有 【常用搭配】 lack in缺乏(某种品质、特点) She was lacking in courage她缺乏勇气。 n缺乏；不足；没有 (a) lack of 【例题精讲】例1. _据说，缺乏睡眠可能导致脑力衰退。 例2.缺乏知识是可怕的。(lack)_【巩固练习】1. Many of our young workers _ proper trainin
25、g.?A. are lacking in B. are lacking C. lack for D. lack in 2. We tried to settle the problem with them as soon as possible, but they seemed to_ sincerity. A. lack of B. be lack of C. lack in D. be lacking in 【知识梳理10】concentration n专心；专注 Martin listened to theteacher with concentration马丁聚精会神地听老师讲解。 【
26、拓展】 concentrate v集中 【常用搭配】 集中；全神贯注 concentrate onconcentrate ones mind/attention on （upon）= fix ones attention on = focus on = be absorbed in 把注意力集中在； concentrated adj. 极度的; 紧张的; 浓缩的；concentrated study/hate/effort紧张的学习/强烈的仇恨/专心致志的努力；concentrated fire集中的火力；concentrated food压缩食品；【例题精讲】例1. _她集中精力复习迎考。例
27、2. He _（投身于）helping the people in need. He set a good example for us.【巩固练习】1. She was so _ in her job that she didnt hear anybody knocking at the door. A. absorbed B. attracted C. drawn D. concentrated2. All her energies are _ upon her children and she seems to have little time for anything else. A.
28、 aimed B. concentrated C. guided D. directed 三、 名词性从句一）名词性从句的基本定义和判断方法在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses）。根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 主语从句 Whether he will attend our English Party tomorrow remains unknown. 宾语从句 Tom gave me what he thinks is most suitable for me.名词性从句 表语从句 The most i
29、mportant thing for us now is how we can get there on time. 同位语从句There is little evidence that the seriously injured girl will completely recover.二）引导名词性从句的连接词1.引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：（1）从属连词：that（无任何词意）；whether, if（均表示“是否”）；as if ,as though（均表示“好像”，“似乎”）以上连词在从句中均不充当任何成分（2）连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever
30、, whom, whose, whichever, whomever，可在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或者定语成分（3）连接副词：when, whenever, where, wherever, how, however, why, how many, how much, how often, 此类关系词可在句中充当状语成分。 四种名词性从句的引导词大同小异，基本在从属连词上有所不同。2. 连接词的判定：根据连接词在从句中所做的不同的成分，我们可以归纳如下： 人 物主语 ： who, whoever what, whatever 宾语：whom, whomever what, whatever名
31、词性从句 表语： whom what 定语： which what whose 状语：when where why how whenever however wherever(how many, how much, how often) 不做成份：that if/whether as if /as thoughI.主语从句在复合句中起主语作用的从句叫主语从句。引导主语从句的词有从属连词、关系代词、连接副词等。引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词that、whether，关系代词：who, what, which , whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever,
32、whichever；关系副词：when, where, how, why, however, whenever, wherever等。在新题型中考察主语从句，也是注重连接词的选用1、 从属连词that，whether引导的主语从句从属连词that，whether在主语从句中的作用只是引导主语从句，它们在从句中不担任成分，不能省略。That you dont like him is none of my business. Whether she will come or not is still a question. 2、 it作形式主语引导主语从句如果主语从句太长，为避免句子结构头重脚轻，
33、我们可用it作形式主语，而把主语从句放在主句谓语部分之后。That引导的主语从句可用it代替，that 不可省略。 用作it作形式主语的结构： It is/was +形容词+that 从句 Its natural that 很自然 Its obvious that 显而易见 Its fortunate that 幸运的是 Its (im)possible（不）可能 Its unlikely that 不可能 Its strange that奇怪的是 It is/was +名词+that 从句 Its a pity that 遗憾的是 Its a fact that 事实是 Its good n
34、ews that是好消息 Its a wonder that不足为奇 Its an honour that 非常荣幸 Its a shame that真是可耻 Its common knowledge that 是常识 It +不及物动词+that 从句 It seems that 似乎 It happened that碰巧 It appears that看来 It turns out that结果 It is/was +过去分词+that 从句 Its not known that 不得而知 Its said that 据说 Its reported that 据报道 Its decided
35、 that尚未决定 Its believed that 据认为 Its announced that据宣布 It suddenly struck me (occur to me that 我突然想到（感觉到） 其他 It doesnt matter 是无关紧要的 It makes no difference 毫无区别 It is of little consequence that无关紧要3、 由连接代词引导的主语从句（1） 连接代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等，引导主语从句时，它们
36、分别在从句中担任主语、宾语或定语，不能省略。Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. What you have done might do harm to other people. （2）what引导主语从句“的东西/事情”时，可用来表示the thing(s)which这种意思，引导从句，表示一样东西与一件事情，这种用法的what称为关系代词型what，who，whom，which，what可以和ever构成合成词，和what一样引导从句，ever起强调作用。这些关系词在句子中充当成分，所以不能省略。此类主语从句
37、不能用形式主语it引导。What I need (=The thing which I need) is a mobile phone. Whoever leaves the office (=Any one who leaves the office) should tell me. 4、连接副词引导的主语从句连接副词有when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever等引导主语从句时，它们在从句中担任状语，不能省略。此类主语从句可以转换为以it作形式主语的句子。Why he didnt come here is not clear to a
38、nyone. 注意：1. 以下情况往往必须用it作形式主语，主语从句一般不能放在句首。a. Itdoesnt matterwhetherhelikesornot. b. Itssaidthatthehighwaywillbeopentotrafficnextyear. c. Isitlikelythatitwillsnowintheafternoon? d. It turned out that he was right.e. It happened that he took the same train.2. 主语从句不在句首，可以用if代替whether,但如若在句首，只能用whether
39、，而不能用if. a. Itsnotcleartomewhether(if)shelikestojoinourdiscussion. b. Whethershelikestojoinourdiscussionisnotcleartome. 3. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句句型的结构为：It is/was+被强调部分+that引导的从句（如果被强调部分是人，也可用who代替that），是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如： It is a pity that you didnt go to see the film. It doesnt interest me whether you succeed or not. It is in the morning that the murder took place. It is John that broke th