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1、四川大学锦城学院本科毕业设计 外文翻译与文献综述毕业论文外文翻译与文献综述系 别 土木与建筑工程系 专 业 工程管理 学生姓名 学 号 指导老师 教务部制表二一三 年 五月 二十六日16The Analysis of the Issue Related to the Feasibility ofStudy the Real Estate Project on the Basis of theImplicit CostBilin Shao, Bin Ding Abstract: It is known that the feasibility study of real estate proje
2、ct plays an important role in real estate development. Nevertheless, there still remains many problems in the feasibility study. In this paper, the concept of implicit cost will be introduced, which will be used to analyse these problems.Meanwhile, some useful strategies will be raised for these pro
3、blems,which intends to further improve the feasibility study of the real estate projects. Keywords: real estate project; feasibility study; implicit cost; problems1. Introduction The feasibility study is the decision science has been used in project area, and the basic target is on the basis of the
4、comprehensive investigating and researching to identify a construction object whether have the characteristics of progressive, reality and reliable in the whole prosess from previously project construction to line operation. We also need to know those whether can pay off from the finance and the cre
5、dibility in the economy to give a big help for the investating decisions. It is real role that a framework to investing project , and is the key factors that can decide the project can be invested or not to give some supports on the project decisions. The real estate is characteristic of accounting
6、for huge financing, a long period relative to the investing and easily influenced by the instable factors. Therefore, the the feasibility study is very important for the real estate. However, currently we are more and more focusing on the explicit cost in the feasibility study and ignoring the intan
7、gible cost. The intangible cost is , as opposed to explicit cost and hided among the total cost of enterprise, caused by the decision maker characterized by lower diathesis, wrong concept, and the deficiency of informations, coupled with the non-market factors to lead to the total cost increaseing d
8、irectly or indirectly . The amount of economic benefits of the project largely depend on getting full knowledge of the intangible cost in the real estate.2. The Existence of the Questions Lied in the Feasibility Study on the Basis of the Intangible Cost Recently, the real estate have got a big impro
9、vement in the feasibility study. As the main contents and methods, it have been normed and stabilized gradually to use in the project decisions. But that is fact that the feasibility study cannot play the role above mentioned in the real case. The worst case is that there is no the feasibility study
10、 before starting the work. And another events is that the feasibility study had been done, but the result was not fit to the requestions. The main problems are following:2.1. The Investor with Low Diathesis Did Not Pay More Attentions on it Until now, a number of the investors did not get a clear cl
11、ue and realize the importantance related to the feasibility study. They had made a decision whether building the real estate relied on their own wish, and reckoned the feasibility study was just a “payable paper” to submit to lending institution, investor and government. There is no meaning in the f
12、easibility study because of carrying on is not thorough, focusing on the format. Therefore, the “feasibility study” is the aim that how to get a permission from the related department and a loan from the bank, so the data cannot be used to reflect the real conditions. The economic benefits of the wh
13、ole real estate project have decreased, even failed that was mainly ascribed to the invetors attitude, ignoring the importance of feasibility study. Those are called the intangible cost. The other factors is linked closely with calibre that a excellent decision maker should be characterized by deter
14、mination, confidence, far-sighted.ect. When a favorite investing project lie in front of a investor, he must be confidence and determination to make a decision as soon as possible, or the problems relative to the economic benefits lost would be happened to create the intangible cost. Moreover, the i
15、nvestor should have the characters of far-sighted to consider the investing process, and not care the “gain and loss” in a small events to make a wrong decision. It is obviously that the high-calibre is an very important factor to the investor to avoid the intangible cost.2.2. The Feasibility Study
16、Related to theConstruction Project is Mainly Completed by the Consultant Agency and Design Dthe Deviser Has Low-Calibre Department of construction entrusted by investor. It is possible that the accuracy largely depend on those institutions level controlled by the devisers calibre. Unfortunately, a h
17、uge number of devisers are lacking of the attitude on seek truth from facts. They have partially used the data to optimistically evaluate the market price movement. They also did not exploit the market survey in details to predict the market prospect; at the same time, they did not care about some f
18、aults, however, more lights shed in exaggerateing the advantages of technology and product that reducing the success rate of investing. On the basis of the devisers having low-calibre, the feasibility study cannot be completed by course of correct way and canonical process that the decision maker go
19、t a wrong judgement to result in losting the economic benefits, even the whole projects depleting.2.3. The Analysis and Forecasting of the Market is not Enough The earning power of investing project is not only depending on the all kinds of available resources, but also relying on the current and po
20、tential requests needed by society. Currently, there are no more attenions concentrated on the market survey and forecasting in the feasibility study. A large numbers of data came from the related researchers experience and social relations. Even though they did a survey and forecasted the market tr
21、end, the results are more qualitative analysis than quantitative. The data measured by above process cannot really reflect the market condition and prospect. It is seemly like having good benefits, because of the fault existed in the analysis and forecasting of market to lead to the investing projec
22、t has to face the condition “having a price but no sales”. Those can be avoided according to the reseachers endeavor.2.4. There is No Comparative among Every Project A larger numbers of reseachers pay more attentions on the single project than the comprehensive in the feasibility study. In some case
23、s, they also analyse some projects at the same time but a particular one will be analysed more deeper than another analysed superficially. The decision maker have to accept the project choosed by reseachers on their wishes, and then the comprehensive researching changed into single will lose the mea
24、ning in the feasibility study. Because lack of the comparative project, leading to the economic benefits related to the finance will be fixed to lose the chance of getting more benefits from the market to create more intangible cost.2.5. Ignoring the Value of the Environmental Assessment There are m
25、any faults lies in the currently environmental assessment showed by the report of feasibility study. In some cases, there is few contents and the analysing superficially about the environmental assessment, because of there is no surveying the surroundings nearby the project or the assessment is not
26、correct. It is obviously that those are contradiction with the strategy of sustainable development developed by our country. Moreover, there is no consideration between the project and sustaining ability of environment carried out by the investor. As a result, the developing intensity will exceed th
27、e loading capacity of environment near by the project to produce seriously environment contamination. This will increase the project later environmental protection costs, such as controling environmental pollution and strengthen the green, ect. There is a serious environmental evaluation work to be
28、needed on environmental protection, and using real data reflect the revenue and expenditure to provide true evidences for the final decision. However, many of the feasibility study overlooked this respect that the project had been put more money in late to produce increasely the intangible cost.2.6.
29、 Dont Pay Attention to the Analysis of the Sensitivity and Risk Factors The estate project itself has a high risk and investing, because of there are some uncertain factors in project implementation process. With these uncertainties, the investment project there is a risk, thus the uncertainty of th
30、e whole project is of vital importance. If the feasibility study of these risk factors were accurately analysed that will cause additional costs of the project.In practical work of the feasibility study , the analysis of risk is not enough or only stay in qualitative analysis, give a quantitative an
31、alysis. Though some of them to quantify, but either quantitative method unsuitable or quantitative results do not take seriously, not have a good understanding to project risk factors , thus make some project in concrete implementation appear of risk or risk factors change , led to increase costs an
32、d economic benefit greatly decreased, causing the recessive cost of production.3. Countermeasures of Feasibility Study3.1. Strengthening Ideological Education and Quality Education of the Decision Maker In order to make feasibility study go smoothly, decision makers should be educated to fully reali
33、ze the importance and function of the feasibility study. The ideologycal recognition and definite feasibility study effect, so that it can from the fundamental guarantee of feasibility study work smoothly. In addition, there must be necessary education to investors to improve the quality and profess
34、ional skills of their own, so that when making decisions they can decisively and correctly make decision to reduce implicit costs and increase profits.3.2. Improving ability of the deviser Institutions of training feasibility study professional must be established and perfected ,related departments
35、should organize professional training regularly. Professional ethics education should is necessary to make professionals realize the importance of feasibility study; in the mean time , in order to decrease fault because of professsional skills deficiency and increase correctness of feasibility study
36、 professional skills must be enhanced. Establishing and perfecting of the feasibility study for the vocational education training employees of the system, by related departments groups regularly for feasibility research personnels service training.3.3. Pay Attention to Market Investigation and Marke
37、t Research In the feasibility study phase, in order to avoid negotiable without city awkward situation and more implicit costs, feasibility study professionals should be ready for market research and market forecast work. This requires the relevant personnel take related work seriously, guarantee th
38、e correctness of market information to reflect a true market prospect. And earnestly analyze the market consumption levels, an accurate grasp of market demand. In order to keep commodity to consumption group and to avoid implicit costs, feasibility study professionals must earnestly analyze the mark
39、et consumption levels, grasp market needs and main consumption groups accurately, prepare for marketing positioning.3.4. Compare and Chose Comprehensive Investment Project For a specific project there may be several different investment plan, after accurately study and compare of every investment pr
40、oject, the optimal project can be achieved. Through compare of different comprehensive investment project risks can be reduced, more profits can be achieved. That proves feasibility study plays a important role in reducing costs and making accurate decisions.3.5. Paying More Attention to Environment
41、al Evaluation Pay importance to environmental evaluation, abstractly analyze environmental impact. qualitative analysis must be made thoroughly if quantitative analysis is not suitable. During site selecting phase, in order to decrease later costs and implicit costs load capacity of environment arou
42、nd must be taken into account. When considering investment project, we should realize environment impact and economic profit to chose relatively environmental project and reduce implicit costs.3.6. Deepen Investment Projects Sensitivity and Risk Analysis In order to effectively prevent and control t
43、he risk, in feasibility study, we should strengthen the sensitivity analysis, pay great attention to digging the potential risk factors, such as investment environment risk, project construction risk, etc. And we should pay special attention to unfavorable factors and bad results, for example, impli
44、cit cost because of residents unmovement; Implicit cost caused by construction damage and extension of construction limits time limit because of local seasonal natural disaster. Therefore we should unify the quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis and give priority to quantitative analysis so
45、 as to prevent risk purposely and make scientific decisions. If sensibility analysis and risk analysis should be based on scientific data, strategic fault of project can be reduced greatly so as to reduce implicit accuracy. References1 Guangjun Ma:The discussing of investment project feasibility res
46、earch work problems and measures.J. Economic researchguide ,2009,p.132-133.2 Yang Wang and Shourong Wu:The impact analysis and countermeasures of market economy to the project feasibility studyJ. Manage engineering journal ,2005,p.179-181.3 Kai Liu:Discuss the current investment project feasibility
47、study of the main existing problems and countermeasures J.Building economy and management ,2006,p.137-138.4 Xinhua Mu:Discuss the investment project feasibility study problem in the work and countermeasures J.Chinese collective economic strategy research,2009,p.35-36. 可行性研究对房地产项目隐形成本的相关问题分析 作者：Bilin
48、 Shao, Bin Ding 摘要：据了解，房地产项目的可行性研究在房地产开发中起着重要的作用。然而，可行性研究仍然存在很多问题。在本文中，隐性成本这个概念将推出，这将被用来分析这些问题.与此同时，一些有用的战略将针对这些问题，进一步完善房地产项目可行性研究报告的真实性。 关键词：房地产项目的可行性研究报告;隐形成本的问题1介绍 可行性研究是决策科学已用于项目区的全面调查和研究，以在建设目标的基础上确定基本目标是有进步的，现实的，可靠的特点，在整个项目建设进展前。我们我们还需要知道这些是否能偿还从金融和经济的信誉给一个很大的帮助。它是真实的角色,一个框架来决定投资项目，是关键因素，可以决定这个项目是否可以投资或不给一些支持性的项目决策。房地产是典型的，巨大的长期融资、相对于其他投资和容易受到不稳定的因素。因此,可行性研究对于房地产是非常重要的。然而,目前我们正在越来越关注显性成本的可行性研究而忽视隐形成本。隐形成本，相对于显性成本