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1、英文原文Hydraulic fluid control valve and method20th century drive and control technologies gradually mature age. With the rapid development of modern science and technology, it not only acts as a transmission mode, and can be used as a control, as the connection of modern microelectronics and power con
2、trol of a bridge between the object and become indispensable to modern control engineering important technical means. Energy conversion, power transmission and motion control in the 21st century is still an important part of the global economy, fluid transmission and control technology still is one
3、of the most important and active role in.Hydraulic fluid control valve within the fluid flow through the implementation of components to achieve the control action is based on stream flow in the valve function of the kinematic and dynamic rules-based, so it should be in-depth study of fluid flow val
4、ve position and fluid and valve dynamics of solid links between the components, to improve valve performance. In recent years, as computer technology and the development of computational fluid dynamics theory, application CFD method, the hydraulic valve flow field within the simulation and visualiza
5、tion analysis, a new hydraulic technology, the research focus, research the structure of the valve Parametric design and optimization of flow meter has no practical significance. When the flow of hydraulic valve flows through the valve chamber and valve port, due to changes in flow rate, there will
6、be fluid dynamic action on the spool. Hydraulic control valve control valve capacity must be able to overcome the numerous obstacles, which includes the inertial force, friction and spring force and fluid force, among which the largest proportion of fluid power. Fluid power control valves will not o
7、nly affect the power, but also may lead to self-excited vibration of the valve and affect the system stability and reliability, it is the design, analysis, hydraulic control valves and hydraulic system, an important factor. Using a variety of flow field calculation method, the valve on flow field nu
8、merical calculations to accurately calculate the fluid power valve hydraulic power in recent years a hot research topic, which can be used to improve flow through the valve structure, for valve The fluid dynamics provide the theoretical basis of compensation.Throttle valve is mainly used for oil dri
9、lling, oil field testing, cementing and other high-pressure pipe by adjusting the throttle valve stem to change the orifice size to meet pipeline pressure and flow regulation purposes. Therefore, its performance will affect the oil throttle operation when the safety and efficiency. Research on high
10、pressure throttle valve failure analysis, pointed out the various failure modes of one-way throttle valve, and with the CAD / CAE technologies, in particular, computational fluid dynamics technology, on the throttle Numerical simulation of the flow field into the current throttle important means to
11、optimize the design.At present, the hydraulic system and component design, analysis method is based on a semi-empirical method, multi-simplified by some theoretical formula has been difficult to explain and deal with certain practical problems, the development of the throttle and in-depth research,
12、there are many problem. In theory, many factors inside and outside of none of them consider many factors in the continued influence of hydraulic control components, researchers are constantly plagued the theory of hydraulic control components analysis and research. For example, the pressure on the t
13、hrottle the flow of temperature on the flow of the throttle, the throttle orifice of the plug, throttle valve throttle hole phenomenon and the throttle valve fistula oil phenomena and improvement of the internal structure of the throttle problem.Therefore, the advanced science and technology issues
14、of these technologies were studied and overcome. With the rapid development of computer science and technology, the researchers gradually developed a series of fluid analysis software, application CFD method, using Fluent CFD software and the ANSYS finite element analysis software, the structure of
15、the one-way throttle valve for the stress and pressure flow simulation of all aspects of the operation of hydraulic components in fact carried out a precise calculation and analysis, to master a number of hydraulic components of the running simulation and optimization of design and construction and
16、improvement of information. Therefore, various more advanced, more energy efficient and more optimal hydraulic control components industry one after another, to the modern industrial development provides better power.With the high-pressure, high-speed, high-volume and high-efficiency hydraulic syste
17、m development, energy conservation, low noise and environmental protection research also increasing throttle, not only on the throttle for all aspects of technical improvements, but also From an environmental point of view to enhance the quality of hydraulic control elements have a positive role, an
18、d gradually achieved a substantial breakthrough.英文翻译液压阀对流体的控制及研究方法20世纪是流体传动与控制技术逐步走向成熟的时代。随着现代科学技术的飞速发展，它不仅可以充当一种传动方式，而且可以作为一种控制手段，充当了连接现代微电子技术和大功率控制对象之间的桥梁，成为现代控制工程中不可缺少的重要技术手段。能量转换、动力传动以及传动控制依然是21世纪全球经济的重要组成部分，流体传动与控制技术也依然是其中极为重要和积极的角色。液压阀对流体的控制是通过内部流体的流动来实现对执行元件动作的控制，是以流体在阀中流功的运动学和动力学规律为基础的，所以应当深
19、入研究阀内流体的流动状况以及流体与阀的固体部件之间的动力学联系，以提高阀的性能。近年来随着计算机技术和计算流体动力学理论的发展，应用CFD方法，对液压阀内部的流场进行仿真计算和可视化分析，成为液压技术领域新的研究热点，研究工作对阀的结构参数设计和流道的优化没计具有重要的实际意义。当液流流经液压阀的阀腔和阀口时，由于液流速度发生变化，将有液动力作用在阀芯上。液压控制阀的操纵力必须能够克服阀的各种阻力，它包括惯性力、摩擦力、弹簧力和液体动力等，其中液动力所占的比例最大。液动力不仅会影响阀的操纵力，而且还可能引起阀的自激振动，影响整个系统的稳定性和可靠性，它是设计、分析液压控制阀及液压系统的重要因素
20、之一。采用各种流场数值计算方法，对阀的流道内流场进行数值计算来准确计算液动力是最近几年阀液动力研究的热门课题，它可以用于改进阀的过流结构，对进行阀的液动力的补偿提供理论依据。节流阀主要用于油田钻井、油田测试、固井等高压管路中，通过调节节流阀阀杆来改变节流孔面积，以达到调节管路中压力和流量的目的。因此，它的性能好坏直接影响到油田节流作业时的人身安全和工作效率。研究成果对高压节流阀的失效进行了分析，指出了单向节流阀的各种失效形式，并随着CAD/CAE技术的发展，尤其是计算流体动力学技术的发展，对节流阀进行流场数值模拟成了目前对节流阀进行优化设计的重要手段。目前，液压系统和元件的设计，分析方法是基于
21、一种半经验的方法，一些理论公式经多方简化，已难以解释和处理某些实际问题，对节流阀的开发和深入研究也存在着许多问题。在理论分析中，很多内外界因素都未加以考虑，很多因素在不断影响着液压控制元件，也在不断困扰着研究人员对液压控制元件的理论分析与研究。例如，压差对节流阀的流量的影响、温度对节流阀的流量的影响、节流阀节流口的堵塞、节流阀节流口的空穴现象以及节流阀的阀口漏油现象和节流阀的内部结构改进等问题。因此，先进的科学技术对以上技术问题进行了研究和攻克。随着计算机科学技术的迅速发展，研究人员逐渐开发了一系列的流体分析软件，应用CFD方法，采用Fluent流体软件及ANSYS有限元分析软件，对单向节流阀进行了结构应力及压差流量等各方面模拟分析，对实际上液压元件的运行进行了精确的计算分析，掌握了很多液压元件的运行仿真与优化设计和结构改进等资料。因此，各种更先进的、更节能的、更优化的液压控制元件业相继问世，给现代的工业发展提供了更好的动力。随着高压，高速，大流量和高效率液压系统发展的需要，对节能型、低噪声和环保型节流阀的研究也日益增多，不仅从各方面对节流阀进行技术上的改进，也从环保角度对液压控制元件的质量提升有积极的促进作用，并且逐步取得了实质性的突破。