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1、汉语言文学专业人才培养研究中英文对照Study English talents majoring in Chinese language and Literature论文关键字 汉语言文学应用型人才培养建议Keyword suggestions for cultivating applied talents in Chinese language and Literature论文摘 要 随着大学生就业压力的增大，汉语言文学专业人才培养的重心必须要从以往培养学术型人才转向以培养适合社会发展和工作需要的应用型人才为目标。本文先从汉语言文学专业应用型人才培养出现的主要问题入手，对汉语言文学专业人才培
2、养目标进行清晰定位、构建了汉语言文学专业应用型课程体系，提出了汉语言文学专业人才培养的建议。Abstract with the increasing employment pressure of college students, talents majoring in Chinese language and literature education center of gravity must develop to cultivate applied talents for social development and needs of the target from the previo
3、us academic talents. This paper starts from the application of Chinese language and literature major talent cultivation problems of Chinese language and literature, the personnel training objectives, clear positioning of Chinese language and literature major applied curriculum system, and puts forwa
4、rd suggestions of the talents of Chinese language and literature education.一、引言One, foreword汉语言文学专业是传统中文系中最常设的一个专业，也被誉为文科的万能专业，毕业的学生供不应求，可以从事社会人文领域的很多工作。但随着学科门类的增多，专业的细化竞争压力越来越大，人才市场开始倾斜。导致这一现象的一个本身原因是传统汉语言文学专业人才培养体系缺乏应用性的缺陷，加强汉语言文学专业的应用性是汉语言文学专业改革的一大问题。The Department of Chinese language and literat
5、ure is one of the most standing professional traditional Chinese system, also known as the universal liberal arts majors, graduate students in short supply, a lot of work can be engaged in the social field. But with the increasing of disciplines, refining the competitive pressure is more and more pr
6、ofessional, talent market began to tilt. This phenomenon results from a lack of reason is the system for training applied talents of traditional Chinese language and literature, strengthen the application of Chinese language and literature, is a big problem in Chinese language and literature major r
7、eform.二、汉语言文学专业人才培养中存在的问题In the problem of existence two, Chinese language and literature of professional talent training传统的汉语言文学专业人才培养目标不清晰；教学内容重纯文学，然而经济、政治、哲学、法律内容偏少是汉语言文学专业人才培养模式比较集中的问题。The talents of traditional Chinese language literature speciality training goal is not clear; the teaching cont
8、ent of pure literature, but economic, political, philosophical, legal content less talent in Chinese language and literature major training model is relatively concentrated problems.2.1培养目标不清晰2.1 training objectives is not clear汉语言文学专业曾以其深厚的文化积淀一度非常辉煌，学生能够拥有稳定的职业，一度拥有很强的文化优越感与专业自豪感，近几年随着高等教育的大众化，汉语言
9、文学专业失去了过去的专业优势。The Department of Chinese language and literature has its profound cultural accumulation was very brilliant, students can have a stable occupation, once had a strong sense of cultural superiority and professional pride, in recent years, with the popularization of higher education, Chi
10、nese language and literature lost its last professional advantage.再加之社会对人才的需求发生了巨大变化，但很多高校依然抱着传统优势专业意识，未及时调整培养目标，找准定位，更没有考虑就业市场的实际需要，培养的学生与社会实际需求形成反差。造成学生知识面狭窄，并产生强烈的厌学情绪，优势专业成为了劣势专业。Coupled with the social demand for talents has undergone tremendous changes, but many universities still holding the
11、traditional advantages of professional consciousness, not timely adjust training targets, identify the location, but did not consider the actual needs of the job market, students and the actual needs of the community in contrast. Causes the student to narrow scope of knowledge, and have a strong emo
12、tional weariness, professional advantages become disadvantages professional.2.2教学内容重纯文学轻社会学2.2 teaching content heavy pure literature light Sociology教学内容是对教学计划的具体落实，也是实现人才培养目标的具体步骤。因而教学内容的设置必须科学、合理、切实可行。然而，在汉语言文学专业教学内容大多是文学史、文学概论、文学作品等，教学内容脱离了社会，远离政治、经济、法律、哲学社会学科，影响学生综合素质的培养。学生毕业后与社会格格不入，脱离实际，只会做文字游
13、戏。The teaching content is the concrete implementation of the teaching plan, but also realize the talents training target specific steps. Therefore the establishment of teaching content must be scientific, reasonable, feasible. However, in most of the Chinese language and literature teaching content
14、is the history of literature, literary theory, literary works, teaching content from the social, political, economic, legal, far away from the philosophy and social science, influence the cultivation of students comprehensive quality. Students after graduation be misfits, divorced from reality and s
15、ociety, will only make the word games.教师所教、学生所学，都是闭门造车，对于热点的生活，广阔的实践，基本没有接触。思维方式和写作方式都陈旧落后，极大地约束了学生的创造力和想象力。The teachers teach, students learn, are behind closed doors, the hot life, wide practice, basically no contact. Mode of thinking and writing are outdated, greatly limits the creativity and ima
16、gination of the students.三、应用型人才培养目标定位Three, the goal of training applied talents顺应时代和就业的需求，把汉语言文学专业人才培养目标定位到综合应用型现代化人才上。当代社会各部门和行业之间的融合渗透越来越多，单纯的汉语言文学工作者已经不能满足各个部门和行业的要求。这就要求我们在人才培养目标上要进行深入研究，重新定位。根据不同行业、领域对人才规格的需求，重应用，对专业进行分流，形成基础加特色的培养模式。另外随着现代化媒体技术的发展，熟练运用现代媒体，也是不可或缺的。现代汉语言文学专业培养出来的学生就是要有过硬的写、说能
17、力，还懂得编辑与制作，将语言文字传播、影像传播和网络传播融会贯通，才能适应社会的发展需要。The trend of the times and the employment demand, the talent in Chinese language and literature major training orientation to the comprehensive application of modern talents. Fusion between contemporary social departments and industry more and more, Chine
18、se language and literature workers simply cant meet the requirements of various departments and the industry. This requires us to in-depth study of the training aim, relocation. According to different industries, areas of personnel requirements, application, for streaming on the professional trainin
19、g mode, form the basis of add features. Also with the development of modern media technology, skilled use of modern media, but also an indispensable. Modern Chinese language and literature major students is to have excellent writing, speaking ability, but also know how to edit and produce, the langu
20、age communication, image communication and network communication together, in order to adapt to the needs of social development.四、汉语言文学应用型课程体系设置Four, the Chinese language and literature application curriculum system根据汉语言文学应用型人才培养目标，实行厚基础、多方向、因材施教、灵活多样的育人模式，建立适合学生自主学习的教学新体系，对传统汉语言文学专业课程体系进行重新调整。Accor
21、ding to the target of cultivating applied talents in Chinese language and literature, the thick foundation, multi-direction, teach students in accordance with their aptitude, flexible and diverse education mode, establish new teaching system of students autonomous learning, to adjust to the traditio
22、nal Chinese language and literature curriculum.4.1基础课程4.1 basic courses培养学生从事语言教学和语言教育科研的能力，是一个应用型模块。主要开设语言教育提高系列课程，设置了基础教育课程改革、教育研究方法、教师发展研究、教师职业技能训练、语文课件制作、语文教学艺术、语文教材篇目研究与教学设计、现代职业礼仪、演讲与口才等课程。Cultivating students engaged in language teaching and language education scientific research ability, is
23、an application module. The opening of the main language education courses, the curriculum reform of basic education, education research, teacher development research, teacher occupation skill training, courseware, Chinese language teaching art, language teaching and research and teaching design, mod
24、ern occupation manners, speech and eloquence courses.4.2提升课程4.2 promote course主要提升专业理论，训练科研能力，着眼于学生升造。可开设现代汉语语法专题研究、现代汉语虚词研究、修辞学研究、文字学、音韵学、文献学、逻辑学、汉语语法学史、中国语言学史、国外汉学研究、中国古代文学专题、唐诗宋词、明清小说研究、中国现代文学专题、中国当代文学专题、影视艺术欣赏、杂文创作艺术论、外国文学专题等类课程。Mainly to improve the professional theory, training the ability of
25、scientific research, focus on the students l made. To set up modern Chinese grammar study, the functional words of modern Chinese rhetoric study, research, philology, phonology, philology, logic, history of Chinese grammar, the history of Chinese linguistics, Overseas Sinology, Chinese ancient liter
26、ature, poetry, novels of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, thematic research, modern Chinese Literature Chinese Contemporary Literature, film and TV art appreciate, essays on art, foreign literature and other courses.4.3应用行文课程4.3 application of the course开设应用行文相关的理论、实务、实践系列课程，培养学生从事机关文员工作能力。主要设置了应用写作、秘书学
27、、行政法学、编辑与采访、公共关系学、新闻采访与写作、公务员基础知识管理学、广告学、人力资源管理、档案管理学、办公室礼仪等课程。Application of the open related theory, practice, practice courses, cultivating students engaged in office clerical work ability. The main set of applied writing, secretarial, administrative law, editing and interview, public relations,
28、news gathering and writing, civil servants based knowledge management science, advertising, human resource management, file management, office etiquette course.五、汉语言文学专业应用型人才培养建议Five, suggestions for cultivating talents in Chinese language and Literature5.1全程辅助职业生涯规划5.1 the secondary occupation care
29、er planning在大学一年级利用新生入学教育契机向学生灌输职业规划的理念，介绍就业工作的相关概念和基本常识，引导学生树立正确的就业观和成才观，指导学生制订大学四年规划。对二年级则进一步深化就业观教育，帮助他们分析就业形势，调整完善职业生涯规划，引导学生积极锻炼就业必备的素质和技能，夯实基础。大三这个年级阶段我们应注重分类指导，帮助学生分析几种职业去向，是深造读研，当公务员还是企事业单位工作者，或是自己创业？根据学生的不同选择通过专题讲座、报告会、个别辅导等形式集中资源优势进行分类指导。到了大四进行考研与就业分流，对考研学生重点进行学科纵深教育，对准备就业学生重点学习就业相关课程和参加专业
30、技能实践。In the first grade of university freshmen education opportunity to instill the occupation planning concepts, the introduction of the related concept of employment and basic common sense, to guide students to establish a correct concept of employment and acquisition, guiding students to develop
31、four years planning university. On the second grade is the further deepening of the employment education, help them to analyze the employment situation, adjust and improve the occupation career planning, guide the students to actively exercise employment essential qualities and skills, tamp foundati
32、on. We should pay attention to the big three of the grade classification guidance, help students to analyze several occupation, is the graduate school, when civil servants or business unit workers, or start their own business? According to the different choices of students through lectures, seminars
33、, individual counseling and other forms of resources classification guidance. The four section and employment of graduate students shunt, key discipline in education, in preparing for and participating in the professional skill practice focuses on learning courses related to employment of students e
34、mployment.5.2增加实践环节The 5.2 increase in practice在汉语言文学专业人才培养过程中，要特别注意学生应用实践能力的培养和训练。除了课程设置科学合理，各门课程都要围绕这一主旨有重点地训练学生某方面的能力外，最重要的就是强化实践环节，使学生在实际的工作中得到充分锻炼，增强能力，以适应、胜任未来的工作。In the process of talent in Chinese Language & Literature professional training, special attention should be paid to the cultivatio
35、n and training of students practical ability. In addition to the scientific and reasonable curriculum, ability of each course should focus on this theme to focus on training students in certain aspects, the most important thing is to strengthen the link of practice, so that students in the actual wo
36、rk to be fully exercise, enhance the ability to adapt, competent, future work.从大三开始分专业方向，根据学生的兴趣爱好和将来的就业意向，在所开设的课程中添加实践内容。将“听、说、读、写”能力训练落实在课程教学过程中，如公务员、教师方向的，其秘书学、行政管理学、中学语文教学法等课程的教学，设置三分之一的实训课程，主讲教师一边讲理论，一边带学生到实习基地观摩、见习、实习，从而真正做到理论联系实际，通过见习、实习让学生查找理论学生中的不足，在后续的课程学习中加以弥补。Start from three professiona
37、l direction, according to the students interest and future employment intention, add the practice content in the course of. Listen, say, read, write ability training in the implementation of curriculum teaching process, such as civil servants, teachers direction, course in secretarial science, scien
38、ce of administration, teaching method, teaching, set up 1/3 training courses, teachers talking theory, side with students to observe, probation practice base, practice, thus truly integrating theory with practice, let students lack of search theory of the students through the probation, be made up i
39、n the subsequent course of study.依托实验室优势，强化学生办公、制作等操作实践，培养学生“做”的能力。让学生能够充分的参与到每一个实验中去。进一步强化学生办公技术和制作等方面的动手能力。Relying on the advantage, strengthen students office, production practice, cultivating students ability to do . Enable the students to fully participate in each experiment. To further strengt
40、hen the student office technology and production ability.参考文献：Reference.1刘聪颖.地方高校汉语言文学专业应用型人才培养的问题及策略J.毕节学院学报. 2009，27（11）.1 Liu Congying. Application of Professional College of Chinese language and literature talent cultivation problems and strategy J. Journal of Bijie University. 2009, 27 ( 11 ).2梅红霞.浅谈汉语言文学专业人文应用型人才培养模式的建立J.教育教学论坛. 2010（21）.2 Mei Hongxia. The mode of the Teaching Forum J. Education Humanities and professional application of Chinese language and literature talent. 2010 (21).