《基于单片机的数字式轴角传感器设计-毕业论文外文翻译.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《基于单片机的数字式轴角传感器设计-毕业论文外文翻译.docx（7页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、Design of Digital Type Axis-angle Sensor Based on Singlechip1, a2, b2, cYu Jianchao , Yu Xiangbin , Li Jun1Computer Science and Technology College of Jilin University, Gaoxinkaifa Zone, Changchun,China2Aircraft Control Department of Aviation University of Air force, Nanguang Zone, Changchun, Chinaae
2、mail: 373506896 bemail: yxb1234567 cemail: lijun1234888Keywords: RS232 interface; singlechip; digital type axis-angle sensor; synchronizer.Abstract. The synchronizer is often used for the measurement of axis-angle because of its simplestructure, reliability and high precision. But the output signal
3、from the synchronizer is an analogsignal, so it is difficult to realize digital measurement. This paper introduces a measuring circuit basedon a singlechip. This circuit can produce exciting signal independently and no extra exciting powersupply is needed, making the application easy. The AC signals
4、 output from the synchronizer areconverted into DC signals and then measured directly by the singlechip. The measuring data, afterbeing processed, are turned into serial data to output through a RS232 serial interface. Thesynchronizer equipped with the circuit will be a digital axis-angle sensor. Th
5、e sensor is of highprecision and reliability, low price, easy application and high practical value.1. IntorductionThe synchronizer is often used for the measurement of axis-angle because of its simple structure,reliability and high precision. The output signal from the synchronizer usually is measur
6、ed by a kindof synchronizer measuring modules which can output a digital quantity corresponding to themeasured axis-angle. But for this kind of modules the extra exciting power supply usually is needed,1making the application more inconvenient . In addition, the module cannot joint together with the
7、2synchronizer because of its big size . This paper introduces a simple measuring circuit to measurethe signal from the synchronizer. The circuit can produce exciting signal independently and no extraexciting power supply is needed, making the application easy. The AC signals output from thesynchroni
8、zer are converted into DC signals and then measured directly by the singlechip. Themeasuring data, after being processed, are turned into serial data to output through a RS232 serialinterface. The small size of the circuits PCB make it possible to joint together with the synchronizer.The synchronize
9、r equipped with this measuring circuit will be able to realize a digital signal output,so the design has a higher practicability.2. Synchronizer Operating PrincipleThe synchronizer consists of a rotor winding and three stator windings connected in star. When anexciting power supply is applied on the
10、 rotor winding, the three stator windings will produce inducede.m.f. The relationship between the amplitude of the induced e.m.f. and the given axis-angle can beexpressed by the equations: U =U cos(), U =U cos(+120)，U =U cos(+240), U is theAmBmCmm3maximum amplitude of the induced e.m.f . The synchro
11、nizer has no middle tap, so the axis-anglecan only be obtained by measuring the two end-voltages. For example, if taking end A as commonend, in this case, there are: uCA,. According= u u = u 3sin( 60) u = u u = u 3sin( + 60)CAmBABAmto these two equations the axis-angle can be known and expressed by
12、the equation:3(uBA u ).So by supplying exciting signal to the rotor winding to make the statorCA = arctguBA +uCAAll rights reserved. No part of contents of this paper may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without the written permission of TransTech Publications, . (ID: 132.174
13、.254.159, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA-25/05/15,15:46:31) Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 599-601893windings produce induced e.m.f and then measuring the induced e.m.f, the axis-angle measured bysynchronizer can be obtained.3. Hardware Design3.1 Axis-angle Measuring Circ
14、uitThe synchronizer axis-angle measuring circuit consists of a C8051F002 singlechip, filter circuit,amplifying circuit, AC-DC signal converting circuit, RS232 interface circuit, as shown in Fig.1.+3.3VU1BCAR1R2876543211718192021222324+3.3VJ1AGNDAIN3AIN2AIN1AIN0VREFCP0-DGNDVDDP0.0VDDDGNDP0.1C10.1+24V
15、C3C8051F002+3.3VR5R6C2P0.2P0.3CP0+R8 R91u1uC9C8U4+24V+24VU2VinNC-VsCAVdBU3C60.33123456714131211109C710.33 23456714131211109+VsNCNCNCComRLVinNC-VsCAVdBBufoutBufin+VsNCNCNCComRLR10R17R11MAX232C16R18 0.1BufoutBufin88IoutIoutC150.1R121KAD536R131KAD536+24V C11R1410KR1510KR165.1K4703C4R3C5C101001C120.47C1
16、30.47C141R7U6AS1117+3.3VU5A23C172R19VinVout+3.3VR21C180.1R4R20C21330C20100.1C1910+24VFig. 1 Operating principle of the digital type axis-angle sensorThe singlechip U1 adopted is C8051F002 type. This type singlechip has a 32K FLASH memories,a 256 bytes internal data RAM, a 12-bit A/D converter whit 4
17、 input channels, a ProgrammableCounter Array (PCA0), a high precision internal 2.4V voltage reference, a internal oscillator and anasynchronous communication interface. Here using channel 0 and channel 1 of the A/D converter tomeasure the two signals output from the synchronizer. Channel 2 and chann
18、el 3 of the A/D converterare grounded to avoid producing noise interference on A/D converter. PCA0 is configured to operatein Frequency Output mode and produce a square wave signal through pin P0.14.The filtering circuit is a third-order filter including resistors R , R , R and capacitors C , C ,161
19、5141413C . The square wave signal from the singlechip becomes a standard sin wave signal after being12filtered. The amplifying circuit consists of an operational amplifier as well as resistors and capacitors.It is used to amplify the sin wave signal from the filter. The amplitude of the sine wave si
20、gnal from theamplifier can be changed by choosing resistance of resistor R 54.The power supply circuit is composed of an AS117 voltage stabilizer and capacitors, which is usedto generate a +3.3V stable voltage served as the power supply of the singlechip(U ) and MAX2321chip(U ). Resistor R is a volt
21、age dropping resistor which is used to reduce the input voltage of the43AS117 stabilizer.The AC-DC signal converting circuit consists of a RMS-DC chip AD536(U ), resistors and2capacitors. This circuit is used to convert the AC signal output from the synchronizer into acorresponding DC signal. There
22、are two sets of the same AC-DC signal converting circuits. 894Frontiers of Manufacturing Science and Measuring Technology IVThe singlechips Pin P and P are TX and RX of the asynchronous communication interface and0.20.3the communicating rate can be set by the internal register. Because the asynchron
23、ous communicationinterface cant transmit data in a long distance, a RS232 interface circuit is needed to turn the serialsignals from the singlechips pin P0.2 and P0.3 into a standard RS232 serial communication format.The RS232 interface chip adopted here is MAX232 (U ) and it can make the transmitti
24、ng distance4reach 15m, so the common transmitting distance requirement can be met.3.2 Operating PrincipleAfter turning on the +24V power supply, the singlechip goes into working state and generates asquare wave signal continuously from pin P . After being filtered and amplified, the signal becomes0.
25、1a sine wave signal and be sent to the rotor winding of the synchronizer to excite it. And at the sametime, the stator windings generate induced e.m.f uBA and u . By means of the AC-DC signalCAconverting circuit, the uBA and uCA are turned into corresponding DC signal UBA and U . TheCAsinglechip mea
26、sures the two signals of UBA and UCA and then calculate the measured data according3(UBA U )UBA +UCAto the formula = arctgto get the axis-angle of the synchronizer. And finally the result isCAsent out through the RS232 interface.4.Software designThe specific function block diagram of the software is
27、 shown in Fig. 2. Firstly, initialize thesinglechip, setting the singlechips system clock, the I/O ports function, the sampling channel andfrequency of the A/D converter, the frequency output mode of PCA0, the communication mode andfrequency of the asynchronous serial communication interface.Secondl
28、y, PCA0 generates a square wave signal and outputs it from pin P continuously to excite0.1the synchronizer and at the same time the A/D convertor samples the DC signal UBA and UCA outputfrom the AC-DC signal converting circuit.Thirdly, calculate the axis-angle according to the sample result.Finally,
29、 send out the measured result by the asynchronous serial communication interface troughMAX232. And then go to the next cycle.StartInitialize singlechipSend square waveSample UBA and UCAData processSend out resultFig. 2 Software function block diagram5. Experiment validateThe axis-angle of the synchr
30、onizer is obtained by measuring uBA and uCA and calculating them,so the accuracy of measuring result of the axis-angle depends on the measurement of uBA and u . InCA Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 599-601895order to validate the measuring result of the measuring circuit, connect a synchronize
31、r to themeasuring circuit and use a PC computer to receive the data output from the measuring circuit. Rotatethe rotor of the synchronizer to make the axis-angle received by the PC computer be a certain value.And then use a high precision AC voltmeter to measure uBA and uCA at the same time and then
32、3(uBA u )uBA +uCAcalculate them to get the accurate axis-angle according to formula : = arctg. Get theCAaxis-angle error of the measuring circuit by comparing the axis-angle and . The test data is shownin table1. The test shows that the measuring error of the measuring circuit at any axis-angle is l
33、essthan 0.03Table1 Testing dataPCindicationangleMeasured Measured Calculated ErrorvoltagevoltageAxis-angle()u (V)BAu (V)CA ()()60.0050.0040.0030.0020.0010.000.00-10.00-20.00-30.00-40.00-50.00-60.001.19991.30191.36451.38561.36471.30211.20031.06150.89050.69280.47450.24140.00050.00070.24120.47450.69260
34、.89071.06181.20011.30231.36471.38561.36451.30201.199759.9749.9839.9830.0220.019.990.030.020.02-0.02-0.010.01-0.010.010.020.01-0.02-0.03-0.020.01-10.01-20.02-30.01-39.98-49.97-59.986. ConclusionThe synchronizer axis-angle measuring circuit can independently generate exciting signal anddont need extra
35、 exciting power supply, making the application easy. The AC analog signals outputfrom the synchronizer are converted into DC signals by the AC-DC signal converting circuit and thenmeasured directly by the singlechip, making the synchronizer sample circuit simple, the precisionhigher and the cost low
36、er. The measured result of the axis-angle is sent out through a RS232 serialinterface, making the application and digital processing more convenient. So this digital typeaxis-angle sensor will have a better application prospect.References1 716 Research Institude. The instruction of the BDRC-2G synch
37、ronizers axis-angle convertinginterface module. 2005.2 Liang Hong, Zhou Aijun. The design of the synchronizers axis-angle sampling and recodinginstrument. Instrument Technology and Sensor J. 2005(7): 7, 8, 9.3 Chen LongCHang, Yan Zhian. Control MotorM. Xian: Xian University of Electronic Scienceand
38、Technology Press, 2013.4 Bao Kejin. C8051F Singlechip Principle and Application M. Beijing: China Electric PowerPress, 2006.5 Kan Huaguang. Electronics Technology Foundation M. Beijing: China Higher Education Press,2006. Frontiers of Manufacturing Science and Measuring Technology IV10.4028/Design of
39、 Digital Type Axis-Angle Sensor Based on Singlechip10.4028/基于单片机的数字式轴角传感器设计余建超 余向宾 李俊吉林大学计算机科学与技术学院，长春市高新区，中国航空航天大学航空控制司，南昌区，长春，中国电子邮件：373506896，b电子邮件：yxb1234567，c电子邮件：lijun1234888关键词：RS232接口; 单片机 数字式轴角传感器; 同步器抽象。 同步器通常用于测量轴角，因为其简单结构，可靠性和高精度。 但是同步器的输出信号是模拟信号，因此很难实现数字测量。 本文介绍了一种基于测量电路在单片机上。这个电路可以独立产生
40、激励信号，没有额外的激励功率需要供应，使得应用容易。 从同步器输出的交流信号为转换成直流信号，然后由单片机直接测量。 测量数据，后被转换为串行数据通过RS232串行接口输出。 的同步器配备的电路将是数字轴角传感器。 传感器很高精度高，可靠性高，价格低，使用方便，实用价值高。1介绍同步器通常用于轴角的测量，因为其结构简单，可靠性和高精度。来自同步器的输出信号通常是通过一种来测量的的同步器测量模块，其可以输出与之对应的数字量测量轴角。但对于这种模块，通常需要额外的激励电源，使得应用更加不方便1。另外，模块不能与同步器由于其大尺寸2。本文介绍了一种简单的测量电路来自同步器的信号。该电路可独立产生激励
41、信号，无需额外需要激励电源，使应用容易。从AC输出的AC信号同步器被转换为直流信号，然后由单片机直接测量。的测量数据，经过处理后，变成串行数据，通过RS232串口输出接口。电路板的小尺寸使得可以与同步器连接在一起。配备该测量电路的同步器将能够实现数字信号输出，所以设计具有较高的实用性。2.同步器工作原理同步器由转子绕组和三个星形连接的定子绕组组成。 当一个励磁电源施加在转子绕组上，三个定子绕组将产生感应e.m.f. 诱导电子的振幅之间的关系。 和给定的轴角可以由以下等式表示：U A = U m cos（），U B = U m cos（+ 120），U C = U m cos（+ 240）最大振
42、幅诱导的e.m.f 3。 同步器没有中间抽头，因此轴角只能通过测量两个端电压来获得。 例如，如果将A端视为常见的端，在这种情况下，有：3sin（60）CA CA mu u u u= - = - ，3sin（60）BA B A mu u u u= - = - +。 根据对于这两个方程，轴角可以是已知的并且由以下等式表示：通过向转子绕组提供激励信号以制造定子绕组产生感应电动势，然后测量感应电动势，通过测量的轴角同步器。3.硬件设计3.1轴角测量电路同步器轴角测量电路由C8051F002单片机，滤波电路，放大电路，AC-DC信号转换电路，RS232接口电路，如图1所示。所采用的单片机U1是C8051
43、F002型。这种单片机具有32K FLASH存储器，一个256字节的内部数据RAM，一个12位A / D转换器惠特4个输入通道，一个可编程计数器阵列（PCA0），高精度内部2.4V电压基准，内部振荡器和异步通信接口。这里使用通道0和通道1的A / D转换器测量从同步器输出的两个信号。 A / D转换器的通道2和通道3接地，以避免在A / D转换器上产生噪声干扰。 PCA0配置为工作在频率输出模式下，通过引脚P 0.1 4产生方波信号。滤波电路是包括电阻器R 16，R 15，R 14和电容器C 14，C 13的三阶滤波器，C 12。来自单片机的方波信号成为标准正弦波信号过滤。放大电路由一个运算放
44、大器以及电阻和电容组成。它用于放大来自滤波器的正弦波信号。正弦波信号的幅度从电源电路由AS117稳压器和电容器组成以产生+ 3.3V稳定电压作为单片机（U1）和MAX232的电源芯片（U4）。电阻R 3是一个降压电阻，用于降低输入电压AS117稳定剂。AC-DC信号转换电路由RMS-DC芯片AD536（U2），电阻和电容器。该电路用于将同步器输出的交流信号转换为a对应的直流信号。有两组相同的AC-DC信号转换电路。单片机的引脚P 0.2和P 0.3是异步通信接口的TX和RX通信速率可以由内部寄存器设置。 因为异步通信接口不能长距离传输数据，需要RS232接口电路来转动串口信号从单片机的引脚P
45、0.2和P 0.3转换为标准的RS232串行通信格式。这里采用的RS232接口芯片是MAX232（U 4），可以实现传输距离达到15m，因此可以满足公共传输距离要求。3.2工作原理打开+ 24V电源后，单片机进入工作状态并产生一个方波信号连续从引脚P 0.1。 经过滤波和放大后，信号变为正弦波信号并被发送到同步器的转子绕组以激励它。 和在同一时间，定子绕组产生感应电流u BA和u CA。 通过AC-DC信号转换电路，u BA和u CA变成相应的DC信号U BA和U CA。 的单片机测量U BA和U CA的两个信号，然后根下式计算测量数据到公式以获得同步器的轴角。 最后的结果是通过RS232接口发出。4.软件设计软件的具体功能框图如图1所示。 首先，初始化单片机，设置单片机的系统时钟，I / O端口的功能，采样通道和A / D转换器的频率，PCA0的频率输出模式，通信模式和异步串行通信接口的频率。其次，PCA0产生方波信号并从引脚P 0.1连续输出以激励同步器，同时A / D转换器对DC信号U BA和U CA输出进行采样从AC-DC信号转换电路。第三，根据样本结果计算轴角。最后，通过异步串行通信接口发送出测量结果MAX232。 然后去下一个周期。5.实验验证同步器的轴角度通过测