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1、高考总复习：高一重点词汇七 必修四Units 1-3词汇知识讲解单词部分： behave 【点拨】behave vt.& vi. 举止；举动；行为表现 behave oneself 守规矩behave well/badly (towards sb.) (对)态度/举止好/恶劣Behave yourself! 放规矩点！The child behaved well (badly) at school. 这孩子在校行为良好(不佳)。One is that these instincts appear at a very young age before most parents have star
2、ted to train children to behave socially (2016 高考江苏卷)其中之一是这些在年幼就在父母面前表现出来的本能开始培养孩子们的社会行为了。Recent research shows that while theres practically no evidence that faces reveal character, we nonetheless behave as if certain features signal certain traits. (2016 北京丰台高三一模卷)最近的研究表明，虽然没有实际的证据显示面容透露个性，我们还是表现得
3、就像某些特征反映了某些个性。behavior n行为；表现be on ones best behavior 举止规矩Their behavior towards me shows that they dont like me. 他们对我的态度表明他们不喜欢我。well-behaved adj. 表现好的badly-behaved adj. 表现差的respect 【点拨】respect vt. & n. 尊敬；尊重；敬意have/show respect for sb. / sth. 尊敬/敬重respect sb. /sth. for sth. 因某事而尊敬某人/某事In still ano
4、ther use，persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect，particularly to an elder or a person in authority.（2016 高考新课标全国乙卷）在另外一种使用场合，亚洲文化中的人，尤其是长者或者有权威的人，可能把沉默看做是一种尊敬。They had little respect for their grandparents. （2016 高考新课标全国乙卷）他们对祖父母基本不尊敬。It starts with looking inside yourself an
5、d understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process. （2016 高考新课标全国丙卷）它开始于直视你的自己，带着对自然的敬意明白你是谁，明白你接近园艺的过程。He is highly respected by everyone for his honesty. 他因诚实而深受大家的尊敬。They have a great respect for his ability. 他们十分尊重他的才能。respect n. 细节, 方面 in th
6、is respect 在这方面in all/many respects 在各个/许多方面in respect of 关于；就而言with respect to 至于；关于；就而言In this respect，we are very fortunate. 在这方面，我们是很幸运的。His work is good in respect of quality. 他的工作质量很好。The two groups were similar with respect to income and status.这两组人在收入和地位方面是相似的。【拓展】respectful adj. 恭敬的；尊敬的；尊重人
7、的；有礼貌的respectable adj. 可敬的；有名望的；高尚的；值得尊敬的refer 【点拨】refer vi. 谈到；查阅；参考refer to 查阅；参考；谈到；指的是refer to.as.把称作/看作in/with reference toin connection with 关于without reference to 与无关，不管In his speech, he didnt refer to the problem at all. 在他的演讲中，他丝毫未触及那个问题。If you have any questions, refer to the guidebook. 如果
8、你有什么问题，请参阅指南。When I said some people were stupid I wasnt referring to you.当我说很多人很愚蠢的时候，我并不是指你。The boy used to be referred to as clever. 过去人们认为这男孩很聪明。reference n. 言及；提及；参考；查阅He dislikes history books that are crowded with reference to other books. 他不喜欢有很多参考其他书籍的附注的历史书。intend 【点拨】intend vt. 打算；计划inten
9、d to do/doing sth. 打算做某事Ive made a mistake though I didnt intend to. 虽然不是有意，但我犯了错。intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事This was intended to be a picture of a cat. 这幅画原本是要画猫的。iintend.as.be intended as.打算把当做intend.for.be intended for 为打算或设计Children with School Problems: A Physicians Manual is most likely int
10、ended for doctors.(2016 高考四川卷)学习障碍孩子一名内科医生的手工最有可能是给医生看的。The most important result for the user is that the product does what is intended. .(2016 高考上海卷)对用户来说对重要的结果是产品体现了意图。The chair was intended for you, but she took it away. 那椅子原来是要给你的，可是她拿走了。intention n. 打算；计划struggle 【点拨】struggle vt. 搏斗；斗争；努力；挣扎st
11、ruggle with/against 与搏斗/斗争Because a college community(群体) differs from the family，many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging. (2016 高考北京卷)因为大学这个群体不同于家庭群体，很多学生很艰难地寻找归属感。They had to struggle with / against all kinds of difficulties.他们得和各样的困难作斗争。struggle for sth. /to do sth. 努力/争取She stru
12、ggled to get away from her attacker. 她挣扎着想摆脱那个袭击她的人。They had to struggle for their lives against weather and wild animals.为了生存他们必须与天气和野兽抗争。struggle through 奋力通过struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来struggle on/along (虽艰难仍)继续做某事struggle n斗争；挣扎with a struggle 费劲地After a long struggle, the old woman gained contr
13、ol of her business.经过长期努力，这位老妇人在业务上已能应付自如。 equip 【点拨】equip vt. & vi. 配备；装备equip sb. /sth. with sth. 用某物装备某人/物equip sb. /sth. for (doing) sth. 为(做)某事而准备sb. be equipped to do sth. 某人有准备做某事equip sb. to do sth. 使某人能够做某事be equipped with sth. 装备有某物Our classroom is equipped with a TV set and a tape recorde
14、r.我们的教室里配有一台电视和一台录音机。A good education should equip you for life.良好的教育能使你受用终生。equipment n. U 装备；设备a piece of equipment 一件设备Our school has been given some new equipment. 我们学校有了一些赠送的新设备。regret 删除observe 【点拨】observe vt.& vi. 看到，观察，注意；遵守(法律、习俗等)；庆祝(节日等)；评论；评述observe sb. do sth. 看到某人做(过)某事observe sb. doin
15、g sth. 看到某人(正在)做某事observe a rule/the law 遵守规则/法律observe Christmas/May Day 庆祝圣诞节/五一劳动节Scientists and babies seem to observe the world differently. (2016 高考浙江卷)科学家和婴儿用不同的方式观察世界。Stephen Francis observed then eighteen-year-old Shelly Ann at a track meet and was convinced that he had seen the beginning o
16、f true greatness. (2016 高考江苏卷)Stephen Francis在一场田径运动会上注意到了当时18岁的Shelly Ann ，相信他见证了真正伟大的开始。Mina agreed, scientists would need to look at immune cells and observe their behavior. （江苏省南京市、盐城市2016届高三第一次模拟）Mira同意科学家需要观看免疫细胞并观察它们的行为。He(David Hume) observed that Homer was still admired after two thousand y
17、ears 他（David Hume）注意到荷马在两千年后仍然受到崇敬。It is everybodys duty to observe them（traffic rules） to keep our society in order and going on the right track. 遵守交通规则，使我们的社会运行有序，是我们每个人的职责。Are there any classes I could observe?有我可以观摩的课吗？He liked to observe the stars when he was a child.孩提时他喜欢观察星星。All the citizens
18、 should observe the law without exception.所有的公民都要守法，没有例外。【拓展】observation n观察，观察力；observer n观察者content 【点拨】content adj.满足的；满意的be content withbe satisfied with 对感到满足/满意Are you content with your present salary？你对现在的薪水满意吗？be content to do sth.be willing to do sth.愿意做某事My parents are well content to live
19、 in the country.我父母甘愿住在乡下。content vt.使满足content sb./oneself with sth. 使某人/自己对满意Simple praise is enough to content him. 一点点表扬就足以使他满足。content n内容，目录，容量；满足in content and form 在内容和形式上Show me the contents of your suitcase. 给我看看你手提箱里的东西。【拓展】content 用作形容词时，通常做表语、后置定语或状语，做前置定语要用contented，如a contented expres
20、sion满足的表情；content 前的修饰词用well，而不用very。regret【高清课堂： 词汇 第一讲（unit1-3）】【点拨】If you regret something that you have done, you wish that you had not done it. 如果对已做的某事“regret”，表示后悔做过这件事。I simply gave in to him, and Ive regretted it ever since. 我当时向他屈服了，此后我一直后悔。Ellis seemed to be regretting that he had asked t
21、he question.Ellis看起来后悔问了这个问题。Five years later she regrets having given up her home. 五年后她后悔放弃了她的家。Regret is a feeling of sadness or disappointment, which is caused by something that has happened or something that you have done or not done. “regret”做名词意为一种悲伤或者失望的情感，它是由于自己做过或者没做过某事而带来的感受。Lillie said he
22、 had no regrets about retiring. Lillie对于退休没有遗憾。You can say that you regret something as a polite way of saying that you are sorry about it. You use expressions such as I regret to say or I regret to inform you to show that you are sorry about something. “regret something”也是一种对某事抱歉的委婉说法，表示对要说的事情表示遗憾。
23、I regret to inform you he died as a consequence of his injuries.我遗憾地通知你，他因为受伤过世了。convince 【点拨】convince vt. 使确信，使信服，使认识We finally convinced them of our adventure.We finally convinced them to believe our adventure. 我们最终令他们信服了我们的冒险经历。Her smile convinced him that she was happy. 她的微笑使他确信她快乐。convince sb.
24、that. 使某人信服 (相信)be convinced of. 确信They were convinced of the result of the experiment finally. 他们最终相信了实验结果。be/feel firmly convinced that. 确信；笃信；坚信I am convinced of his guilt/ that he is guilty. 我确信他有罪。【点拨】convincing adj.令人信服的；有说服力的There is now convincing evidence that smoking causes lung cancer.现有令
25、人信服的证据说吸烟能导致肺癌。convinced adj. 确信的；深信的；坚信的重点短语: look down upon/on 【点拨】look down upon/on 蔑视；轻视；瞧不起You mustnt look down upon the disabled. 你决不能瞧不起残疾人。Women used to be looked down upon. 过去妇女受歧视。【拓展】look的相关短语：look about 四下环顾，四处寻找look after 照顾；照料；目送；寻求look for 寻找；期待look forward to (sth. / doing sth.) 盼望lo
26、ok on 观看；面向；旁观look over 从上面看过去；察看look round 掉头看；环顾，观光look through 透过看去；看穿；审查look up 向上看；查阅come across【点拨】come across (尤指偶然)遇到，发现，想到；越过；产生效果I came across him in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上碰到了他。She suddenly came across an idea. 她突然有了主意。He came across the hall into the room. 他穿过大厅走进房间。Your speech came
27、 across very well. 你的演讲十分成功。【拓展】表示“偶然遇见”意思的常见短语还有meet with, happen to meet, chance to meet, meet.by chance/accident, run across, run into。carry on【高清课堂： 第一讲（unit1-3）】【点拨】If you carry on doing something, you continue to do it. 当“carry on doing”某事时，会继续完成它。The assistant carried on talking. 助手一直在说。Racha
28、el Carr intends to carry on teaching. Rachael Carr打算继续教书。Her bravery has given him the will to carry on with his life and his work.她的勇敢给了他继续他的生活和工作的愿望。“Do you mind if I just start with the few formal questions please?” 你是否介意我问几个正式的问题？“Carry on. ” 继续。If you carry on an activity, you do it or take par
29、t in it for a period of time. 如果carry on某事，意指从事某事或进行某事。The President will carry on a political dialogue with Indonesia. 总统将和印度尼西亚进行政治会谈。He carried on a research with his friends. 他和朋友进行研究。lead to 【点拨】lead to通向，导致，致使The bank has offered a reward for any information leading to the arrest of the men.银行
30、悬赏任何能将这些人绳之以法的情报。lead n. to sth. 引导到lead sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事What led you to take up acting as a career？是什么让你开始从事演艺事业的？【拓展】1. lead to中的 to为介词，后面跟代词、名词或动名词。类似的词组还有devote to 致力于/pay attention to注意/object to反对/stick to 坚持/look forward to 期望，等等。2. lead to 不用被动语态。3. lead to是前因后果，而 lie in (result from) 是
31、前果后因。free from/of 【点拨】 free from/of 使免受(影响、伤害等)，使不含(有害物)Keep the table free from dirt by putting a cover over it.用个东西把桌子罩住，免得灰尘落在上面。【拓展】free from 没有，免于，无之忧free of 无的；免于的，离开了的The lake is free of pollution. 这湖没有污染。free sb. / sth. from. 使某人/某物自由；解放；释放Try to free yourself from all prejudices. 尽量消除一切偏见。T
32、he secretary was free from all blame for the errors. 这些失误完全不能怪秘书。for freefree of charge 免费地，无偿地be free to do sth. 自由地做某事be free with sb. 对某人放肆set sb. free 释放某人badly off 【点拨】badly off 穷的；缺少的be badly off 拮据，贫穷I have got a big room so Im not too badly off. 我有一间蛮大的屋子，所以住得还不坏。I went to his home and found
33、 his living conditions were worse off than mine. 我去他家一看，发现他的生活状况比我的更差。be badly off for sth. 某物短缺，不够be short of/lack ofShe is badly off for friends. 她缺少朋友。【拓展】be well off 有钱的，富裕的be well off for sth. 某方面是充裕的His family is not well off. 他家境不太富裕。We were well off for storage space in the new offices.我们的新办
34、公室里有很多贮藏东西的地方。pick out 【点拨】pick out选出；选拔；分辨出；领会Let me pick out some good ones for you.让我来替你挑几个好的。Its easy to pick him out in a crowd because he is very tall.很容易从人群中辨认出他，因为他个子很高。【拓展】相关短语有：pick on 选择（某人或某物）作受罚（挨骂、干不愉快的工作）的对象。pick up 拾起，捡起；收拾，整理；得到；学会；用车接某人；收听到；身体好转pick off 摘下，摘掉；逐个地（或有选择地）瞄准射中cut off
35、【点拨】cut off切掉，割掉，分离，隔离(常跟 from)，中断I had my hair cut off and sold it. 我把头发剪掉卖了。Just when she had reached the most important point we were cut off.她刚刚讲到最要紧的地方，我们的电话就被切断了。We were completely cut off from the outside world. 我们和外界完全隔绝了。【拓展】相关短语有：cut across 抄近路穿过；对直穿过cut away 切掉，剪掉；逃走，跑开cut down 砍倒；(疾病等)夺去
36、生命；削减，缩短；毁灭，破坏cut in 插嘴；突然插入cut into halves/pieces 切成两半/切碎cut out 切掉；删掉cut up 切碎，切掉；使丧气，使痛心词义辨析：worth, worthy, worthwhile【点拨】worth只做表语，表示“值钱，值得干”，后跟名词或动名词，不跟不定式。worth常用well修饰，不用very。The book is well worth reading. 这书值得一读。worthy意为“值得的”，除在书面语体中用做定语外，一般用做表语。be worthy后常接“of名词/动名词(被动式)”、不定式。The place is
37、worthy to be visited/of being visited. 这地方值得一游。worthwhile的常用句式为It is worthwhile to do sth./doing sth. （做某事是值得的）, it是形式主语，to do/doing 做真正主语。The new bike is worth 350 Yuan. 这辆新自行车值350元。The picture is well worth taking good care of. 这幅画值得好好保存。The problem is worthy to be considered. 这个问题值得考虑。He is a tea
38、cher worthy of great respect. 他是位受尊敬的老师。Her achievements are worthy of the highest praise. 她的成就值得高度的赞扬。It is worthwhile visiting/to visit the place. 参观那地方还是很值得的。Hangzhou is a beautiful place; it is worthwhile going/to go there.杭州是个美丽的地方，值得一去。It is worthwhile to ask him to join the club. 值得邀请他加入俱乐部。t
39、hanks to, because of, owing to, due to, on account of, as a result of 【点拨】thanks to 由于；多亏(介词短语，在句中做原因状语，常置于句首或句末)because of 因为；由于owing to 由于，因之缘故as a result of 作为的结果，由于due to 因为，由于（不能放在句首）on account of 由于；因为Thanks to Jims warning, we avoided the accident. 多亏吉姆的提醒，我们避免了一场事故。I couldnt attend the meeti
40、ng owing to illness. 我因病不能出席会议。The delay was due to power failure. 延滞是由于停电。He was late as a result of the snow. 由于大雪，他迟到了。 Bill cannot come to the meeting on account of/because of illness. 比尔因病不能到会。expand, extend, spread, stretch【点拨】expand“展开，扩大”，不仅指尺寸的增加，还可指范围和体积的扩大。extend “伸出，延伸”，指空间范围的扩大，长度、宽度的朝外
41、延伸，也可指时间的延长。spread“伸开，传播”，一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围，如传播(疾病)，散布(信息)等。stretch“伸展，拉长”，一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展，不是加长。As children grow older they expand their interests and become more confident.随着年龄的增长，孩子们的兴趣会变广泛，人也会变得更自信。The hot weather extended to October. 炎热的天气一直持续到十月份。The fire soon spread to the nearby buildings. 火势不久
42、就蔓延到邻近的建筑。The cat stretched out in front of the fire. 猫在火炉前伸开四肢。direct, directly【点拨】direct用于具体意义，指“中途不停地，径直地”。directly多用于抽象意义，表示“直接地”，还有“立即，马上”等意思。directly 还可用做连词引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon as。He went direct to the airport. 他直接去了机场。The measure affects me directly. 这项措施马上影响到我了。I will telephone you directly I
43、 hear the news. 我一听到消息, 马上打电话给你。 especially, specially, particularly【点拨】especially 强调程度，意为“特别，尤其”。specially强调目的，多指为某一特定目的而专门做某事。particularly表“特别地，尤其地”，可以与especially互换，但particularly还可作“详细地，细致地”解释。I came here specially to see you. 我特地到这里来就是为了看你。I like the country, especially/particularly in spring. 我喜
44、欢这个国家，尤其是春天。Please describe the event fully and particularly. 请充分而详细地描述这个事件。巩固练习一、单项选择 1. Business studies _ a skillbased subject which _ students ability to use their knowledge.A. is; test B. is; tests C. are; testD. are; tests2. Greatly _, the students made up their minds to work at English even h
45、arder.A. inspiring B. inspired C. having inspired D. to inspire3. He argued _ smoking, and insisted that it was _ argument that smoking was harmful to health.A. for; beyond B. against; over C. for; over D. against; beyond4. It struck me like lightning how difficult it must have been for a woman to g
46、et medical training so long ago when womens education was always placed _ to mens.A. better B. worseC. second D. first5. _hit me all of a sudden _ I had forgotten her birthday.A. That; thatB. That; whatC. It; that D. It; what6. Through determination, she had learned to read and write and _ to become part of the leadership of the village.A. appeared B. struggled C. hesitated D. failed7. On the bank of the river, we found him _ on a beach, with his eyes _ on a ki