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1、附录ELEMENTARY TALK ON MANAGEMENT OF THE GAS FROM WORK FACE OF INTEGRATED REL EASE TOP COAL IN HIGH GAS THICK COAL BEDL I l i , CHEN zhi - ping( College of Resources and Environmental Engineering , Liao ning Technical University)ABSTRACT: Combination stoping techniques on integration release top coal
2、,analysis of the sources of gas , carrying out the 12 - character guideline of gas management ,Classification and sub - sources management of the gas ,choose the special measures to control ,To achieve a safe environment and high - yield efficient for mines.KEY WORDS : gas sources ; gas management ;
3、 high gas ; integrated release top coal.1 introductionMine gas is one of the five major disasters, but also with the mine from the abandoned building to the whole process of co-existence, Chinas gas accidents frequently occur, it is imperative Gas Control, the line to be effective. At present large-
4、scale coal mining in the shaft, the mechanized production efficient decentralized production direction.The thick and a thick seam Fully-caving method of mining, the full realization of a well-side of the high concentration of high yield and high efficiency mode of production. As comprehensive caving
5、 face a high degree of mechanization, the intensity of mining, production concentrated in high-gas coal mine production process, the face of a single industry, will focus on a lot of gas emission, will appear regularly on the corner and back to the gas super-Merry Restrictions, which became the face
6、 of a major obstacle to production, in order to ensure production safety, gas issues must take measures to be addressed.2 integrated caving mining technology featuresShearer to use a certain high level of coal, cutting highly dependent on coal mining than the rest in the upper part of the coal mine
7、under pressure, broken its own, using integrated caving coal-powered support the release window, the face length, Mining charged Meikuai smaller, more pulverized coal, coal transportation for, exploitation of intensity, focus on production, resulting in mining of coal gas emission in the course of r
8、apid increase in coal dust produced a large quantity. Gas easy to gauge, gather.3 sources of gasGas accompanied by the entire production process, continue to pour out from the coal, comprehensive analysis of caving face of the gas source, and then sub-source management, prevention and treatment of t
9、he gas is of great significance. The results show that in coal mining, coal and rock in the occurrence of the gas balance conditions suffered damage, the impact of mining, coal and regional levels in the occurrence of rock will be out of gas, its source can be divided into Four parts:(1)mining servi
10、ces for the coal mining tunnel wall gas emission (Transport and wind back alley);(2) face the wall of coal gas emission;(3) Face-off mining of coal gas emission;(4) mined-out area of the gas emission, are: rock gas emission; mining, Fang lost in the process of coal gas emission; vicinity of the gas
11、emission, and so on.4 gas emission characteristics of4.1 wind tunnel to transport coal and gas emission characteristics of the wall As the impact of mining tunnel boring, smaller tunnel wall outside the range, there will be a pressure relief loose circle, will appear within the small gas pressure gr
12、adient changes, the gas will be non-linear laws of the influx to the roadway, Exposed wall of coal gas emission in general as time is increased, but gas emission intensity over time and in the growth weakened. When exposed after a certain period of time, gas emission intensity of basic stability at
13、a fixed numerical no longer on the change in the near depletion of gas emission, gas emission in the roadway to the maximum.4.2 Face coal gas emission characteristics of the wall Driving with the roadway after the exposure of coal gas emission in the wall similar to that when cutting coal-cutting co
14、al, the coal wall on the exposed out by the impact of mining, under pressure in the mine, the coal work before releasing pressure, permeability Greatly enhanced, coal face of internal and inter-existence of gas pressure gradient, to face a lot out of gas, coal wall of exposed gas emission in largely
15、 as time increases, but gas emission intensity of growth over time Weakened.As comprehensive caving in uniform face of the rapid advance in a row, so there is no wall exposed coal gas emission depletion problem. The results show that, when Shearer in the first-from top to bottom, exposed wall of coa
16、l gas emission in the largest.4.3 face coal gas emission characteristics Shearer cut coal and coal-loading coal-window was broken into the various forms of granular block of coal, an increase of the exposed area of coal, coal has increased the analytical strength, speed up the gas emission rate, led
17、 to the Gas emission in the increase. Cut in promoting early-stage, face the gas comes mainly from the coal-mining-gas emission, with the face of advancing, the top coal mine under pressure, self-loading broken gas emission in the face dramatically The increase, and basic stability in a value.4.4 mi
18、ned-out area of the gas emission characteristics Goaf gas comes mainly from dilapidated coal and coal exposed rock face in the form of an attenuation curve, the more gradual depletion Cumulative gas mined-out area of the depth and concentration with the increase, and most of the wind gathered in the
19、 alley near the back of the roof Department. In the initial pressure to the former, not the basic layer adjacent to the mined-out area of the exploitation of the influx of gas can be considered out of the main gas-based layer of gas emission, When the roof first run backward, relieved only in the vi
20、cinity of the mined-out area to the influx of gas, the influx of gas is constantly increasing, and achieve a stable value, when the working face close to the stop-line gas emission in Gradually decreased.For Fully-caving mining, coal in the face at the top of promoting a certain distance before begi
21、nning to take off, broken gas emission increase. Since the release of the comprehensive efficiency is not high, the coal recovery rate is low, left over from coal mined-out area, deep mined-out area of high gas concentration in general, out of the mine ventilation, mined-out area is not closed tight
22、, or air leakage serious, very Easy for the gas gauge.5 impact on the volume of gas emission factors (1) Mine pressure. General to the initial pressure of gas emission before the smaller, to the initial pressure, the roof behind-the first time, the volume of gas emission increases, particularly duri
23、ng the early release, the gas emission in the reasons for the surge is: Initial caving ago, just in the face of recovery, this time after work before the mine pressure without major changes, coal and rock are not mobile and fixed-bearing pressure destruction, that is not a new fissures, and its surr
24、ounding gas will be no Relief was out, with all eyes in the construction process in the discharge of gas has, therefore, a smaller volume of gas emission. After the initial caving and near the coal face (including the upper and lower seam) and rock to be fixed and mobile bearing the impact of pressu
25、re, generated a lot of new fissures, then a sharp pressure relief, so that nearby coal face and Rock, a large number of gas from these fissures in the emission, that is out of the channel a substantial increase in gas, falling at the same time also accompanied by the waste gas emission. Since the in
26、itial caving, the roof initial mine pressure greater impact on the wider scope, the waste is falling more and thus the volume of gas emission will increase more rapidly. For example: Bangladesh Wanbei Coal Mine coal-fired electricity companies since 5918 face July 6, 1996 started mining, July 8 to J
27、uly 17 for the initial period of caving. The early release before the face with the wind 450 m, to Merry gas concentration was 0155 percent, the day after the initial caving, July 9, The Merry Face to a sharp rise in gas concentration, Of more than 2 percent, the upper corner gas concentrations as h
28、igh as 10 percent, to face shutdown.(2) geological factors. To a certain extent, coal seam gas in general with the increasing occurrence of which showed the changes of Chuxian, with the mining depth increases, the emission of gas has also increased. Gas emission in the seam roof and floor with the n
29、ature of the rock, good ventilation of the roof and floor is conducive to the precipitation of gas, the exploitation of the liberation of the coal seam gas can for high-pressure relief, increased permeability of the coal is very To the gas pressure relief, the sudden reduction measures. Geological s
30、tructure is the most important impact on gas storage conditions of the geological structure is conducive to closed archives of gas, open geological structure is conducive to gas emissions. The complete closure of the anticline or dome structure and coverage of the tight formation gas reservoir is a
31、good structure, in its axis of the coal and rock, often high-pressure accumulation of gas, a gas cap. Anticline structures such as location, dense rock hard under often stored a large number of natural gas, which in the recovery process, will face the influx of a large number of gas. Syncline in the
32、 general structure of the shaft, coal and gas in the surrounding rock Biyi Department, this is because of the rock shaft squeezed by the strong, the permeability of the rock will become very low, so syncline axis is conducive to archive More gas.(3) ventilation methods. Out of ventilation, a negativ
33、e-pressure underground, to help gas exploration, development out of the roadway, the mined-out area of the gas in the main fan will be the role of negative pressure, to face the influx has resulted in Face, Upper Kok, face to the wind, Lanes gas gauge; pressure-in ventilation, maintain underground p
34、ressure and played a curb coal, mined-out area of gas to the face, upper corner, back out of the wind.(4) atmospheric pressure and climate change. Atmospheric pressure is not balanced movements of the mines ventilation, especially big difference between winter and summer temperature difference betwe
35、en the mine, particularly prominent in the summer of smaller atmospheric pressure, air temperature increases, the mine ventilation difficulties, and the winter atmospheric pressure change, Lower the temperature of the air, enabling mine ventilation. Atmospheric pressure, temperature changes in the i
36、mbalance, the effect of gas emission is also no rules.(5) exploitation of strength. As comprehensive caving mining height, and produce more concentrated, high yield, and promote the comprehensive mechanized mining faster than the speed of slow recovery, the legacy of coal mined-out area, making inst
37、antaneous gas emission in concentrated, mined-out area, the corner The gas and put the fully mechanized coal caving face downhill angle and-mouth at the top of the gas, local accumulate easily, because at the top of stents and stent after a mined-out area several times in the mining height of the cr
38、ack and falling short, high-capacity Wasi Ku , Put it through the mouth and coal fracture at the top of the scaffold to the mining emission, creating local accumulate.(6) mining method. Face the size of the influx of gas, and mining methods have certain relations, Yang-prone oblique oblique than the
39、 exploitation of gas emission to be small, difficult to gauge corner gas, mainly due to the gas density of less prone mining ramps, Mined-out area at a height, the emission of gas to the influx of mined-out area, because the wind lateral face gob air leak, air return to the mined-out area adjacent t
40、o the wind tunnel air leakage and let down the coal gas will be a large number of transient Gathered in the wind back to the rear side of the mined-out area, and emission increases, easy for the upper corner, back to Merry gas gauge.6 fully mechanized mining face gas control measuresWill be independ
41、ent of the gas through the pipeline isolation or roadway emissions from coal mine safety technology is effective measures to strengthen the management of ventilation, is also carrying out gas control of the 12-character lines: After the first-pumping, monitoring and controlling to the wind Dingchan
42、Spirit. To the different sources of gas, be the source of governance.6.1 Gas DrainageMining of coal permeability good, can be taken before the pre-mining drainage, reduce entities coal gas content; mining, the pressure relief through the use of coal sufficient conditions, can be used to the wind tun
43、nel bedding, clothing on the floor of the bored And adjacent to the gas layer of drainage and reducing the exploitation of gas emission in the process. Mined-out area can face the process of promoting the use of drainage pipe; use of mined-out area near the roadway drainage drilling gob gas; large d
44、iameter bored through the ground, drainage mined-out area, relieving the neighbouring layer, Drainage can also achieve better results. The upper corner of the gas is easy to gather the region, for its prevention and treatment can not be taken lightly, can be taken out of the drainage; use of water i
45、njection, will be the introduction of gas mined-out area of deep and so on.6.2 roadway emissionsCan be used for high gas emissions roadway, the end of mined-out area, Lane, adjacent roadway into mined-out area of emissions, and other methods.Import-that is, when the recovery has been mined-out in th
46、e vicinity of the roadway pillar for every 10 20 m set drilling Waterloo, as the case may remain a thin skin of coal, mining in the drainage, face after the mine collapse on its own under pressure , Makes old-out area of gas have emerged to face the rear mined-out area, the angle of emission reducti
47、on disappointment.Top-thick seam of coal charged, broken gas emission is the peak period, used to wind along the roadway in the wrong 10 15 m layout for the roof of a coal seam gas emissions alley, with the top coal generally falling while cross-charged, out of top coal Of natural gas, mined-out are
48、a of the gas out of coal, mined-out area near the influx of gas, close to the influx of relieving the gas, both in the role of negative pressure wave dedicated gas emissions under the roadway, gas emissions have made better Effect.6.3 coal injectionHigh-pressure water into the coal, coal will not on
49、ly increase the gap and increase the gas flow channel, increased permeability of the coal seam is conducive to gas drainage, but also can enhance the moist coal, can inhibit the release, charged Work in the coal dust of the coal produced, to improve the working environment.6.4 ventilation technologyTo take positive pressure ventilation is help to curb gas emission, the main fan to the functioning of constant attention and it is necessary to have the mine field of climate chang