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1、Book 3 Unit 6 教材总结Text A一、单词New wordshumn.sing. a low continuous noise made by a machine or a lot of people talking 机器的嗡嗡声；（很多人）嗡嗡的说话声All he heard was the ticking of a clock and the hum of the air-conditioning. 他所听到的都是时钟的嘀嗒声和空调的嗡嗡声。v.make musical sounds with your lips closed 哼（曲子）Ive forgotten the w
2、ords of the song, so I just hum along with the tune. 我忘记了歌词，所以我只好跟着曲调哼哼。vi.make a low continuous sound 发出连续低沉的声音The bees were humming in the garden. 蜜蜂在花园里嗡嗡地叫。meadown.C a field where grass and wild flowers grow 草地standpointn.C a way of considering sth. 立足点；立场；观点As his daughter, I have to put aside
3、my own emotions and look at the problem from my fathers standpoint. 作为女儿，我不得不抛开自己的情绪，从我父亲的角度来看问题。gigantica.extremely large 巨大的；庞大的The ground floor of the museum is taken up by the skeleton of a gigantic whale. 一头巨大的鲸鱼骨架占据了博物馆的底层。radiatevi.if things radiate from a central point, they spread out in di
4、fferent directions from that point 从中心向四周散开；从中心辐射状发出Most of Britains motorways radiate from London to its surrounding suburbs. 英国的大多数高速公路从伦敦向周围郊区延伸。v.1 produce heat, light, or energy 辐射；发射In the winter, the thick walls absorbed the suns warmth during the day and radiated the heat at night. 冬天，厚厚的墙壁白
5、天吸收太阳的热量，晚上释放出热量。2 show a particular feeling or attitude in your expression or behavior 流露，显示（感情或态度）Despite the pressure he perceived from the large audience looking only at him, he radiated confidence and energy; he was ready to sing for them now. 尽管他感受到了被众多观众注目的压力，但他仍散发出自信和活力；他现在已经准备好为大家演唱了。clawvi
6、.( at) try to take hold of sth. with your hands （用手）抓住Her two-year-old son was clawing at her skirt. 她两岁的儿子紧紧地抓着她的裙子。v.attack sb. or try to cut or tear sth. using your fingernails （用指甲）抓，掐The animal trainer was seriously hurt when one of the lions clawed his back. 驯兽员伤得很严重，背部被一只狮子抓伤了。n.C, usu. pl. t
7、he sharp curved part at the end of some animals toes, e.g. a cat （猫等动物的）爪，脚爪These lobsters were so big that just the meat in their claws was enough to make a meal. 龙虾很大，光是钳子里的肉就足够美餐一顿。tugv.pull sb. or sth. by making a short strong movement 猛拉；使劲拉；用力拖The two boys tugged at one another, and fought ove
8、r who would get to ride the bicycle first in the street. 两个男孩互相拉扯着，争抢谁先骑车上街。n.C a short strong pull 猛拉；拖；拽With a couple of tugs, Jack pulled in the net, which was full of large fish. 杰克用力拉了几下，把网收了起来，里面全是大鱼。evacuatev.leave a building or other place because it is not safe 撤离，撤出（某危险建筑物或地方）The college c
9、hemistry lab was on fire, and the campus police told everyone to evacuate the building as quickly as possible. 大学化学实验室着火了，校警让所有人尽快从大厦中撤离。convictn.C sb. who is in prison because they have committed a crime 已决犯；（服刑中的）囚犯The police are trying their very best to hunt down and catch the escaped convict. 警
10、方正在尽他们所能搜寻、抓捕在逃囚犯。vt.prove in a court of law that sb. is guilty of a crime （在法庭上）证明有罪，宣判有罪If convicted of the charge, he would face a prison sentence of six years. 一旦控告成立，他将会面临六年的牢狱之灾。tanglen. C1 the untidy shape that things make when they are twisted round each other or round sth. else 纠结的一团；乱糟糟的一堆
11、It took the mother a very long time to comb through her small daughters hair, which had got into an almost hopeless tangle. 妈妈花了很长的时间才把小女儿乱糟糟地缠成一团的头发梳理好。2 a situation that is difficult to deal with because things are not organized properly 混乱The small export company had to employ a lawyer to straigh
12、ten their legal tangles which developed from their lack of knowledge about international trade laws. 这家小型出口公司得雇一位律师，来把由于自身缺乏国际贸易法知识所引发的法律纠纷理出头绪。v.(also up) become twisted together, or make sth. become twisted together, in an untidy mass （使）缠结在一起；（使）乱成一团My new long skirt got tangled up in the wheel o
13、f my bike. 我的新长裙缠进了自行车轮子里。innumerablea.(fml.) too many to be counted 数不清的；无数的Being a father of five children, he seems to have innumerable duties to fulfill. 作为五个孩子的父亲，他似乎有数不清的责任需要履行。claspvt.hold sb. or sth. tightly with your hand 紧握；抓To keep his daughter warm, he clasped her in his arms for it was
14、extremely cold. 天气很冷，为了给女儿保暖，他把她紧紧抱在怀里。n.sing. a way of holding sth. tightly 紧抱；拥抱；握紧He held his girlfriends hand in a strong and warm clasp. 他握着女友的手，有力而充满温情。permeatev.1 (of an idea, an influence, a feeling, etc.) affect every part of sth. （思想、影响、感情等）感染，传播，扩散The power of money permeates every aspect
15、 of our existence. 金钱的力量浸透到我们生活的方方面面。2 (of a liquid, gas, etc.) spread to every part of an object or a place （液体、气体等）渗透，弥漫，扩散The fragrance of flowers permeates every room. 花朵的芬芳弥漫着每个房间。casualtyn.1 C sb. or sth. that is damaged or suffers as a result of sth. else 受害者The car industry has been only one
16、 of the casualties of the economic recession; there are numerous others as well. 汽车行业只是经济衰退的受害者之一，还有无数其他行业也深受影响。2 C, usu. pl. sb. who is injured or killed in an accident or military action （事故、战争中的）死伤者，伤亡人员In this fire accident, most of the casualties were immigrant women. 这次火灾事故的死伤者大多是女性移民。landmine
17、n.C a bomb hidden under the ground that explodes when sb. moves over it 地雷ammunitionn.U bullets, bombs, etc. that can be fired from a weapon 弹药The fighting should cease soon because both sides are running out of ammunition. 战斗应该马上就会结束，因为双方都没有弹药了。flushvi.become red in the face, e.g. when you are angr
18、y or embarrassed （生气或尴尬时）脸红It doesnt bother me that I flush whenever I am embarrassed because many people do so. 我一尴尬就脸红，对此我觉得无所谓，因为很多人都这样。vt.clean sth. by pouring a lot of water over it or through it 冲刷；冲洗Without an adequate water infrastructure, city residents depended on rainwater to flush away h
19、uman waste and refuse. 没有足够的排水基础设施，城市居民依靠雨水把人类排泄物和垃圾冲走。n.C, usu. sing. a red color that appears on sb.s face because they are hot or ill, or feeling angry, embarrassed, or excited 脸红；潮红；红晕A flush spread across her face when she realized that it was she who was the object of their joke. 当她意识到他们开玩笑的对象
20、是她自己时，她涨红了脸。flusheda.looking red because you are hot or ill, or feel angry, embarrassed, or excited 脸红的；发红的；潮红的The patients flushed face told the doctor that he was running a fever. 医生从病人潮红的脸上得知他正在发热。appallinga.very unpleasant and shocking 令人震惊的；骇人的The story they told of their terrible experience du
21、ring their kidnapping was appalling. 他们讲述的自己被绑架的恐怖经历骇人听闻。blazen.1 C, usu. sing. a large fire that causes a lot of damage, esp. when a building is burning 熊熊大火；烈火Forty-five women were killed in the blaze at a drug addiction treatment center. 戒毒中心的大火使45名女子丧生。2 sing. a strong bright light or area of co
22、lor 强烈的光；光辉；闪耀At night, the citys downtown area is a blaze of bright lights and loud music spilling out from the many clubs. 这座城市的闹市区夜晚灯火辉煌，充斥着从许多夜总会传出的喧嚣的音乐。vi.1 burn strongly and brightly 熊熊燃烧The campfire blazes, and men and women merrily dance around it. 篝火熊熊燃烧了起来，男男女女围着它欢快地跳着舞。2 shine very brigh
23、tly 发强光；闪耀The sun strikes their plate-glass windows and makes them blaze as if the whole building were on fire. 太阳照在他们的大玻璃窗上，发出耀眼的光芒，好像整个建筑着火了一样。overturnvt.1 turn sth. so that its bottom or side is upward 使翻转；打翻Playing with his toy cars, the boy made them crash into each other and overturned them al
24、l. 那个男孩在玩玩具车时，让它们相互撞击，全都撞翻了。2 say officially that sth. such as a decision or law is wrong and change it 推翻，废除（决定、法律等）；使无效He accused his opponents of wanting to overturn the government. 他指控他的对手企图推翻政府。massacren.C, U the killing of a lot of people 大屠杀There were terrible massacres of civilian residents
25、in the cities during World War II. 二战中有许多针对城市平民的大屠杀。vt.kill a lot of people 大屠杀The enemy set fire to the houses and massacred all the villagers. 敌人放火烧了房子，而且屠杀了所有的村民。corpsen.C a dead body, esp. of a human being （尤指人的）死尸，尸体For over a year, Jack lay in his hospital bed; sadly, he had become a living co
26、rpse. 一年多来，杰克躺在医院的病床上，令人伤心的是，他已经成了一个活死人。pervasivea.spreading through the whole of sth. and becoming a very obvious feature of it 贯穿始终的；显而易见的；四处弥漫的Computer games have become a pervasive form of entertainment since the 1990s. 电脑游戏从20世纪90年代开始已经变成了一种普遍的娱乐活动。slumn.C, often pl. a poor area of a town where
27、 the houses are in very bad condition 贫民区Born in a slum, living in an orphanage since his parents died, this kid has been kicked around all of his life. 这个孩子在贫民窟里出生，父母去世后在孤儿院长大，一辈子都任人践踏。minimala.extremely small in amount or degree, or as small as possible 极小的；极低的；最低限度的Fortunately, the storm only did
28、 minimal damage to the crops. 幸运的是，暴风雨对庄稼造成的损害很小。coveragen. U1 extent to which sth. is covered 覆盖范围；覆盖程度People in remote areas need more satellites to provide telephone coverage. 边远地区的人们需要更多人造卫星来扩大电话覆盖范围。2 reporting of events, etc. 新闻报道In California, stories about wild fires receive extensive covera
29、ge in the news media; however, stories about international events receive relatively little coverage. 在加州，新闻媒体对山火进行广泛的报道，然而，对国际事件的新闻报道却相当少。furnacen.C a large enclosed container in which you burn fuel, used for heating a building or for an industrial process such as making metal liquid 火炉；暖气炉；熔炉Its c
30、old in here should I turn on the furnace? 这里很冷，我可以把暖气炉打开吗？robberyn.C, U the crime of taking money or property illegally, often by using threats or violence 抢劫罪The bank robbery, which took place at dawn, shocked the people of the small town. 发生在黎明时分的银行抢劫案使整个小镇的人都很震惊。broodvi.think and worry about sth.
31、 a lot 沉思；忧伤；担忧So, you got a bad grade on your exam; dont brood over it, but study better for the next one. 这么说，你考得不好。别想了，但要好好学习准备下次考试。n.C a group of young birds who all have the same mother and were born at the same time 同窝幼鸟The hen brought up a brood of young chicks. 母鸡带大了一窝小鸡。residentn.C sb. who
32、lives in a particular place 居民；定居者；住客We had already closed the party down shortly after midnight, following complaints from residents. 半夜刚过，收到居民投诉后，我们的派对就停了。straya.lost or without a home 迷路的；走失的；无家可归的Too many stray cats and dogs are homeless because their owners simply abandon them thinking the anim
33、als can survive on their own. 太多的流浪猫、流浪狗无家可归，因为它们的主人认为动物能够自己生存就抛弃了它们。vi.move away from the correct place or path 走离；偏离；走失；迷路In the tale of Little Red Riding Hood, the girl strayed from the road and got eaten by the big bad wolf. 在小红帽的故事中，小姑娘走迷了路，被“大灰狼”给吃掉了。scrapn.C ( of) a small piece of sth. such a
34、s paper or cloth （纸、布等的）碎片，小块，零屑I wrote down his phone number on a scrap of paper. 我在一张小纸片上写下了他的电话号码。vt.decide not to continue with sth. such as a plan or an event 放弃；抛弃If negotiations succeed, intended plans to lengthen military service from 15 to 18 months will also be scrapped. 如果谈判成功的话，打算将服兵役时间从
35、15个月延长至18个月的计划也会被放弃。ediblea.fit or suitable to be eaten 适宜食用的The apple got rotten, so it is no longer edible. 苹果腐烂了，所以不能吃了。warehousen.C a big building where large amounts of goods are stored 货仓；仓库summonvt.1also( up) manage to produce a quality or a reaction that helps you deal with a difficult situa
36、tion 鼓起（勇气）；振作（精神）After her long, sleepless night, Ruth took a deep breath and summoned all her courage to put into words what she had decided to say. 经历了一个漫长的无眠之夜后，露丝深吸一口气，鼓起所有的勇气把她决定要说的事情讲了出来。2 (fml.) officially order sb. to come to a place, esp. a court of law 召见，召唤，传唤（某人到庭）The dean has summoned
37、all teaching staff to a meeting for a discussion of the schools budget cuts this afternoon. 今天下午院长已经召集所有教师开会，讨论学校预算缩减的问题。jealousa.1 (fml.) ( of) wanting very much to protect or keep sth. 小心守护的；唯恐失去的Dont complain any longer. You should be more jealous of all that you possess at the moment. 不要再抱怨了！你应该
38、更加珍惜你现在拥有的一切。2 slightly angry because sb. else has sth. you would like, or can do sth. you would like to do 妒忌的；妒羡的Professor Paine is in a delicate situation because one of her colleagues is very jealous of her success. 佩因教授的处境很微妙，因为她的一个同事非常嫉妒她的成功。jealouslyad.1 protectively; watchfully 小心守护地；唯恐失去地Th
39、ey had become very famous and strangers often bothered them; so, they guarded their privacy jealously. 他们已非常出名，经常被陌生人骚扰。所以，他们小心翼翼地保护着自己的隐私。2 with envy 妒羡地；妒忌地She gazed jealously at her friends new red sports car. 她妒忌地盯着她朋友的红色新跑车。residuen.C the part of sth. that remains after the rest has gone or end
40、ed 残余；剩余Peeling fruit and vegetable skins will help avoid eating residues of farm chemicals. 对水果蔬菜去皮有助于避免食入残留农药。dilutea.(of a liquid) made weaker by adding water or another substance 稀释了的；冲淡了的I wonder whether this is the dilute solution that we can use in our experiment. 我想知道这是否就是我们在实验中可以使用的稀释溶液。vt.
41、1 make a liquid weaker by adding water or another substance in it 稀释；冲淡Her coffee was too strong, so she diluted it with water; then she added milk to improve the flavor. 她的咖啡太浓了，所以加了些水来稀释，随后加入牛奶来提味。2 make sth. less strong or effective 削弱；降低Serious attention is being given to diluting the value of p
42、ersonal tax allowances. 降低个人收入免税额度一事正受到人们的密切关注。nutritionn.U food considered as sth. that keeps you healthy 营养；滋养Good nutrition is essential if patients are to make a quick recovery. 如果病人要恢复得快的话，好的营养是必需的。naivea.1 (of people and their behavior) innocent and simple 天真的；率直的Generally, humans start as nai
43、ve young children and grow into mature adults, but there are some, who, it seems, resist growing up. 总的说来，人一开始都是天真无邪的儿童，然后成长为成熟的大人。但有一些人似乎拒绝长大。2 lacking experience of life, knowledge or good judgment and willing to believe that people always tell you the truth 毫无经验的；幼稚的；无知的；轻信的It is naive to expect
44、that any society can resolve all of the social problems it faces, once and for all. 指望任何社会都能一劳永逸地解决面临的所有社会问题是幼稚的。inflictvt.make sb. suffer sth. unpleasant 使（某人）遭受（不愉快的事）；使承受The ever-lasting downpour of rain inflicted loss of property, disease and even deaths upon the population in the small valley b
45、elow the dam. 持续不断的瓢泼大雨给住在堤坝下面小山谷里的民众造成了财产损失、疾病，甚至死亡。Phrases and expressionsradiate fromspread out from sb. or sth., as with rays 自发出The tents were collecting both the heat that radiated from the ground and the rays that came from the sun. 帐篷吸收着地面散发出来的热量以及太阳光线的热量。conceive of(fml.) imagine a particul
46、ar situation or think about sth. in a particular way 想象，设想，构想（某一具体情况）Many people cant conceive of a dinner without meat or fish. 很多人无法想象一个没有肉或鱼的晚宴。in the direction ofheading for or traveling toward 朝方向On a hot summer day, the little boy was running hurriedly in the direction of the small lake, jumpe
47、d in and went for a swim. 在一个炎热的夏日，小男孩匆忙跑向小湖，跳进去游泳。stay downremain in a prone, squatting, or sitting position 卧倒；蹲伏All of the soldiers stayed down while the enemy shells were exploding. 当敌人的炮弹爆炸时，所有的士兵都卧倒了。press to push sth. closely and firmly against sth. 使紧靠Marys cell phone reception was so weak that even if she pressed the receiver to her ear, she still couldnt hear what Tom was saying. 玛丽的手机信号接收效果太差了，即使她把电话听筒贴在耳朵上，还是无法听清楚汤姆在说什么。line with form a layer over the inside surface of sth. 铺，垫（某物内部）Yo