新目标老师英语自编资料九年级全册.doc

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1、古老师英语自编资料九年级全册Unit One1.How do you study for a test? 你是怎样为考试而准备的?how是问方式的词。注意这里用介词for,“为了”。如:How do you get to school? On foot. By bike. 让我们复习一下有关how的疑问词:how long问时间长度或某东西长度;how many问可数名词数量;how much问不可数名词数量;how often问频率;how far问距离;how soon问in加一段时间,即“多久”。2.talk with/to与某人交谈;而talk about则是就某事或人交谈;这两个词组

2、的talk是动词,相当于have a talk with sb. 如: My father often talks with me about my study.3.work with和一起工作或学习(study with),make flashcards制作抽认卡;make a list列清单。Make是英语中使用频率很高的词,make mistakes犯错;make yourself at home.4.read a book read是读书或看报,而see是看见,是一个无意识的动作, 它还可以作“明白”之意。look at=have a look at是有意识地看;watch是观赏之意;

3、watch TV看电视;watch a football game看球赛。5.listen是不及物动词,不可直接加宾语,要加to才可加听的东西或人。类似的有look、talk等词。但有些词有时可作及物,有时可作不及物。6.ask for help向某人寻求帮助,with the help of在某人的帮助下,ask sb. for sth向某人要某物,如ask me for advice.7.I study by working with a group我和小组里的同学一起学习。这里的by是介词,“以、靠、通过、用(某种方法或手段)”。with后加一种工具,with a pen用一支笔;in后

4、加某种方式,原料或语言,如in a good way, in a low voice, in silk, in ink, in English. 注意,by是介词,后面的动词要用ing形式。8.watch English-language videos看英语录像,大部分以o结尾的名词要加s变复数。但tomato, potato, hero, negro 除外。9.practice conversations with sb.操练对话,这里的practice是动词,如果它后面是一个动词的话,这个动词要加ing,如practice speaking English, 另外,practice本身还可

5、作不可数名词。10.read aloud大声朗读,aloud在此处是副词,当中的read不及物。Reading aloud is very useful.11.what about=how about怎么样,好不好,表示征求意见或询问情况。因为about是介词,所以如果后面是动词的话,要加ing. 如:What about going for a walk? How about something to eat?12.a lot的用法如下:a lot可作副词短语,表示“很,非常”,这时等于very much,如:I like pears a lot. a lot of(lots of)后面可加

6、可数(=many)或不可数名词(=much)。注意并无a lots of. 13.improve提高,提升,用英语解释是make better, 及物,如:improve my English, 如:How to improve my Chinese is a big problem. 14.I think it helps.= I think its helpful. 注意有关help的用法:help sb. (to )do sth.及help sb. with sth. 如:When I am free, I can help you with English.15.understand

7、the voices理解那些发音。understand懂得,理解,过去式和过去分词是understood。I can follow you中follow也是此意。16.ask sb about sth就某事(物)而问某人,如:Your father asked me about your study last Monday. ask有时并非是“问”之意,而是“叫”,如:My mother ask me to work hard.17.at New Star School在新星中学,in/at school在上学;at the school在学校,而不是上学。18.the best way to

8、 learn English学英语的最好方式,这里的不定式作定语使用。19.How do you learn (the) best? 你怎样学得最好?一般地说,最高级前要加the,但是副词最高级修饰动词时,可以省略the.20.learn by using English通过使用英语来学英语,任何语言通过用中学是最好的学习方法。21.specific suggestions具体的建议,suggest是动词,后如果要加动词的话,要加ing. She suggested going on foot.他建议走路去。22.for example例如,后面是一个句子,and so on前是一些罗列的词,

9、两者不能同时使用。23.memorize the words of pop songs记住流行歌曲的歌词,注意memorize的英语解释。pop是popular的缩写形式。24. boring和bored的区别:boring是“令人厌烦的”,当其作表语时,其主语一般是事物。而bored是“感到兴奋的”,一般是人作主语。其它加ing,ed的词比较类同。如:frustrated, frustrating; interested, interesting, moving, moved25.differently是different的副词。加ly的副词很多,但是下面的不是副词,而是形容词:friend

10、ly, lovely(可爱的),ugly(丑陋),likely(可能的)。26.He has been learning English for six years. 他已经学习了六年英语了。这里的时态是现在完成进行时,大部分这个时态可以改为现在完成时即可。如这句可以改为:He has learnt English for six years. for 加一段时间应与延续性动词使用,常见于完成时态中。27.for加一段时间,since加一个时间点,它们常与完成时态搭配,主句的动词必须是延续性动词。如:I have lived there for two years. 如果这句话改为用since

11、表达该如何呢?如果改为过去式来表达呢?28.Studying grammar is a great way. 一般来说,一个动名词或动名词短语作主语时,用单数谓语动词,而两个以上则用复数。如Speaking and listening are important to us.29.also用来修饰动词,常见于句中,也可放在句首。too位置灵活,可放句首,或句中,或句末。而either用于否定句中,常见于句末;另外either是“两者中的任何一个”,后加单数可数名词,如:There are many trees on either side of the road.这名话可以用both来说。30

12、.watch an English movie = see an English movie, see a film/movie是固定说法。31.actor是男演员,actress是女演员。另外wait也有类似变法。32.however是“但是”之意,表示转折,想一下,什么叫做转折呢?33.find watching movies frustrating 觉得看电影是让人觉得失望的,注意“find sth +形容词”这种结构,这个形容词作宾语补足语,起补充说明的作用。试想一下,为什么这里不用frustrated呢?如:I found him sad yesterday.34.join the

13、English club是加入英语俱乐部。join是加入一个组织,take part in是加入一个活动。另外join in也是有的,你知道它的意思吗?哪些算一个组织呢?35.have fun是“做得到乐趣”“玩得快乐”之意。另外,要记住have fun doing sth 这个结构。have fun speaking English讲英语很有意思。注意have fun后的动词要加ing. 后面不加ing时,它相当于enjoy oneself, have a good time.36.She added她补充说道。add后可加宾语从句。这个add相当于say again关于加法的句子,我们要掌

14、握的有:Whats one and one? 37.have conversations with sb.跟交谈。38.helphelpful,carecareful, wonder wonderful, beauty-beautiful等都是由名词转换而来的形容词。想想,这些词的比较级最高级如何构成呢?39.get/be/become exited about对兴奋。注意这个介词。40.end up最后以结尾;后如有动词的话,要加ing. 如用这个词组翻译:他用讲一个故事结束(他的演讲)。41.do a survey about就作调查。42.Can I ask you some quest

15、ions?这个一般疑问句,当说话者本人有愿望得到肯定回答时,或者说表示请求或建议,这个的疑问句要用some, 而不能用any.请同学们想一下,表示请求建议的句子还有哪些呢?43.keep a notebook写笔记。keep a diary坚持写日记。它与write a diary有何区别呢?注意keep可以说“借”,可以跟how long搭配。Section B1.spoken English英语口语;speaking English讲英语2.spell a word拼写一个单词,How do you spell the word?3.make a mistake (in grammar)或

16、make mistakes 犯错误。注意用动词make,用介词in. 你能翻译以下句子吗? She often takes my umbrella by mistake.4.I dont know how to use commas. 这里是带how的不定式作宾语。这句话可以改为:I dont know how I can use commas.5.get the pronunciation right使发音正确,pronounce是动词。6.I cant understand the words in magazines.我不能理解杂志中的词。注意杂志/书中的介词用in. 7.get wri

17、ting practice获得写作练习。这个practice是名词。8.pen pal笔友,=pen friend9.Why dont you go for a walk?= Why not go for a walk?注意这两种形式是可以互换的。用dont 要把人(you)讲出来;而用not时,不必把人讲出来。注意,不管是哪个用法,动词(go)都用原形。它使用时用“一些”有何规定呢?10.I dont have a partner to practice English with.我没有同伴来练习英语。注意这个句子的with是不能省略的,它的逻辑宾语是a partner.如: who are

18、 you talking with? 我们说介词后一定要加宾语,但这里的宾语前置。11.should是应该之意,如:You should read more English in the morning. 情态动词不多,但它们使用频率却很高。Must we finish our homework now? May I take this book out?12.last year去年,last week上个星期,想一下,哪些词还跟过去时态搭配呢?13.be difficult/ hard/ easy for sb.对来说是难(易)的。14.first of all首先,第一。要熟记这个词组。a

19、t first起先,这些词组里,first都没有the.15.It wasnt easy for me to understand the teacher.这个it是形式主语,真正的主语是to understand the teacher. 注意只有it才能作形式主语或形式宾语。16.试比较:It is very kind of you to say so. 想一起,为什么这里用of.而15点却用for. 原因就是kind是人的特征,而easy只能指事物。表示人的特征的词还有:brave, nice等。17.it is+形容词+to do,这是一个固定句型。It就是指后面的不定式。18.cla

20、ss可以指课,可以指班级,还可以指一个班级的学生。哪些词还可以作集合名词呢?集合名词的用法什么时候用单数谓语,什么时候用复数谓语呢?19.to begin with是一个固定词组,意思是“首先,第一个理由是”之意。20.I couldnt understand every word.我并非了解所有的词。not跟every/all等词搭配时,表示“部分否定”。21.later on后来,稍后。如:I will do that later on. “稍后天会晴”英语又如何表达呢?22.realize是“意识到”,后可加宾语从句。英语释义相当于come to know.23.It doesnt ma

21、tter.没关系。it doesnt matter if you dont understand every word.不理解所有的词并没有关系。用if引导一个从句。请注意这个句型:She wanted to know what was the matter.24.be afraid to do sth害怕干某事,后加动词原形,be afraid of sth后面加名词或动名词。25.in class在课堂上,没有the.26.My classmates might laugh at me.我的同班同学可能会嘲笑我。might在这里表示“猜测”,它是个情态动词。 laugh at是“嘲笑”之意

22、。如:It is not polite to laugh at others.27.make complete sentences造出完整的句子。Make sentences造句。28.do lots of listening practice做很多听力练习。do morning exercises做早操。29.one of后面要加复数可数名词,而它作主语时,谓语动词用单数。如:One of my classmates is ill.30.become a good language learner成为一个好语言学习者。learn- learner.31.another另一,再一。如:Woul

23、d you like to give me another cake?另外,a加序数词也可表示“再,又”之意。如:Two days is not enough, please give me a third day.32.Another thing that I found very difficult was English grammar. 这个句子中,that I found very difficult是定语从句,find sth+形容词这种结构要记牢。33.decide to do sth决定做某事,decide后一定要加不定式,不能加动词ing. 哪些词后可以跟不定式呢?depen

24、d与decide的比较又如何?34.take notes做笔记。make notes35.every后加单数可数名词。但是也是every two days. 如:The doctor asked you to take medicine every three hours.36.My own original sentences37.Its amazing how much this helped.这样做帮助是那么大,真令人感到惊奇。it是形式主语。这个how much是“多少”的意思吗?38.enjoy后的动词一定要加ing.如:enjoy listening to music.39.I g

25、ot an A this term. 试比较: There is a “U” in the word “you”.40.be impressed被感动。41.have trouble /difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有麻烦。42.go out外出。come out.出来。take out拿出来。把垃圾倒掉,如何表示呢?43.with English-speaking friends和讲英语的朋友44.have an idea/have(got) some ideas有些主意。45.look up(在词典等书里)查(单词等)。宾语如果是代词,要放在look和up之间。

26、46.This kind of paper feels very soft. feel是感觉的系动词。“摸起来”如:This cake tastes/ smells good.系动词后加形容词作表语。This piece of music sounds nice.另外,feel还可是“感到”之意。如:I am feeling excited.47.native speakers操本族语者, native language48.make up conversations 编造对话,make up是“组成”或“虚构”之意。49.most of people speak English as a s

27、econd language. as 是“作为”。如:As a student of Class One, we should study harder that the students of Class Two.50.most of, the rest of, some of+名词,这种结构的谓语动词是怎样决定的呢?51.English is popular in science.英语在科技(文献、电影等)中很受欢迎52.What do you think youre doing?注意这里的youre 不要变为are you. do you think是插入语。53.around the

28、world, all over the world是同义词。in the world在世界上。54.help sb. understand sth.帮助我们懂得一些东西,help sb (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事,to可要可不要。55.Just for fun只为了玩乐。如:I said it for fun. 当中的fun是名词,另外,fun还可以作形容词用。如:Learning English is fun.56.How do you we deal with our problem?我们怎样解决我们的问题呢?deal处理,解决,另外,do with也是“处理”之意,但请比较:

29、What will you do with the problem?这里却要用what这个疑问词。同学们,你们能想得出为什么一个用how,一个用what吗?57.rich, poor, young, old, sick,wounded, 等词前如果加一个the, 则变为名词化的形容词,表示某一类人,它们作主语时,谓语动词用复数。58.unless是“除非,如果不”的意思,相当于if not后加一个从句。如:Unless it rains tomorrow, we will take part in the sports meet.59.unhappy是happy的反义词,是它加否定前缀un构成

30、。如:true-untrue60.affect是影响,一般是指不积极的影响。61.the way we behave with the families, 影响与家人的行为。62.be angry with对(人)生气,be angry about对某事/或很生气。哪些词有类似的介词搭配吗?63.be unfair 不公平,unfair是fair的反义词。64.stay angry about一直对生气,stay是“停留,不变”之意。65.Time goes by时光消逝。How time flies!试分析这个句子。66.Good friendships may be lost. lost是

31、“消失”的意思,用在人上是“迷路”。如:I am lost. 另外,missing是“不见了”之意。67.The ones affected受到影响的人,affected是过去分词作定语。The boy called Tom will come to the party.68.see sb doing sth看到某人正在干某事,强调一个动作在正在发生,而see sb do sth则是强调动作的一个过程,从发生到结束这个结程。有类似用法的词有:find, watch等。 When I passed the market, I found him eating his breakfast. I s

32、aw him eat his breakfast just now. So I am sure he is full now.69.have disagreements有不同意见70.each other是“彼此,相互”。互指代词。注意each of us和we each的比较。71.last for long持续达很长时间,last是持续性动词,long相当于a long time. 注意与形容词last的区别。72.solve a problem by learning to forget通过学会遗忘来解决问题。solve=work out73.regard problems as cha

33、llenges把问题当作挑战,regard A as B把A当作B You may regard me as your elder brother.74.They have too much work to do. too much可以修饰名词,而much too后接的是形容词或副词。本句中,do的逻辑宾语是work,不要在do后再加it之类的词。75.be strict with sb./sth对要求严格。be strict about表示严格对待或处理某事。76.change A into B把A转变为B77.As young adults, it is our duty to try o

34、ur best to deal with the help of our teachers. it是形式主语;try/do ones best尽某人的最大努力;each后加单数可数名词; with the help of在的帮助下。78.think of考虑,想起,有时相当于think about(考虑),一般没有“想起”之意。pare A to B把A与B相比,注意用介词to.80.other people= others别的人81.He cant walk or even speak.在否定句中,用or表示“两者都不”。82.face the challenges面对挑战,当中face是动

35、词。83.instead of后如果是动词,这个动词要加ing.84. break off突然中断,中止,off是副词,如果宾语是代词,要放中间。85.see a doctor看病。86.try to do sth努力去做某事,try doing sth尝试做某事87.forget about thme,这里forget是不及物动词,“忘记”常和about连用。Unit 2.1.used to是固定词组,“过去常常”之意,后加原形动词,它包含着“现在已经不再”之意。如:I used to got to school on foot. 注意:be used to的意思是“习惯于”,如:I am

36、used to getup up late. be used to 还可能是use的被动语态。如:This book is used to be textbook.2.注意used to是疑问形式和否定形式。如:I used to read some novels. Did you use to read any novels? I didnt use to read any novels.3.be afraid of对担心,害怕。后加名词。the dark黑暗,in the dark在黑暗中。4.over here过来这边5.Dont you remember me?你不记得我了吗?是个否定

37、的一般疑问句。句末用升调。6.Youre Paula, arent you? arent you部分是反意疑问部分,前句为肯定,后句为否定。注意以下的反意疑问句:Tom talked a lot yesterday evening, didnt he? Mario speaks French, doesnt she? Kate hasnt been to America, has she? Tina will go to visit her parents next week, wont she? 注意附加疑问部分的人称代词的选择。7.wait a minute/moment等一下,等一会儿。

38、8.play the piano弹钢琴,在含play的词组中,在乐器前要加定冠词the,而在球类前则不加。9.be/get/become interested in对感兴趣,这个词组也可改为:show interest in, 这个词组中,interest是名词。10.Im on the swim team.我在游泳队里。在队里(打球等)用介词on.11.shy害羞, serious严肃的,friendly友好,funny有趣,幽默,outgoing外向,quiet文静,这些词都是形容词,形容词是不能独立作谓语的,要与系动词搭配使用。如:Dont be so serious. You shou

39、ld be friendly to your classmates.12.people sure change.人总是改变的。13.straight hair直发,straight stick直的木棍。14.alone是表语形容词,“独立一个的”,作副词时“独自地”,有时等于by myself. lonely是“寂寞的”,可作表语,可作定语。注意这两个词的区别。15.in an airplane在飞机上16.in front of在(外部)前面,而in the front of则是“在内部前面”。17.Me?这是简略的一个句子,不能改为I。18.be terrified of对感到恐惧,注意用

40、介词of.19.What do you do about it?关于某事,你做些什么措施?20.watch a football game on TV在电视上用介词on.21.go to sleep/bed去睡觉,应该还没睡着,指去睡觉这个动作。She is sleeping.她在睡觉,可能已经睡着,也可能还没有;She is asleep.她睡着了。22.with my bedroom light on. 这是一个介词复合结构,记住用介词with,当中的on是“开着,亮着”之意,如:The table lamp is on. 台灯正亮着。Our English teacher came in

41、, with smile on his face. Mr. Gu came out of the classroom, with a book under his arm.23.gym class体育课,paint a picture画一张画,music class音乐课。24.walk to school=go to school on foot25.in the past在过去,注意用介词in.26.hate和like的用法一样,可加动词不定式,也可加动名词。27.worry about= be worried about对担心。worried是worry的形容词。28.all the t

42、ime 一直,总是。29.eat candy吃糖,candy可作可数,可作不可数。chew gum咀嚼口香糖。30.My biggest problem is that Im too busy.这里的that引导一个表语从句。31.these days这些天,stay in school all day整天呆在学校32.go right home直接回家,eat dinner吃晚饭33.start high school这个start 是开始什么之意,start a car使一辆车启动34.spend一词的用法极其重要,有以下两个常见用法:spend +金钱(时间)+on+名词; spend+

43、金钱(或时间)+in (in可以省略)+动名词。如:I spend two days (in) going over my lessons before the test. I spent tow yuan on the book.35.play games with和一起玩游戏36.notany more不再,not any longer(跟延续性动词连用), 另外还有no more/ longer.37.chat with和某人交谈(闲谈)38.take sb to concerts带去音乐会39.hardly是“几乎不”,hard本身可作副词“努力地”,也可作形容词,注意hardly,n

44、ever在反义疑问句中,后面要用肯定形式。40.have time for有去什么的时间,注意介词for.41.miss the old days, miss是误过,错过。42.in the past few days/months/years在过去的几天/月/年里,注意这个词组要和现在完成时连用。43.A be different from B. A与B之间是不同的。There is some difference between A and B. A和B之间有一些不同。44.I dont mind them.我对它们不介意。mind这个词用法要掌握,它后面可加从句:如:Mind what

45、I say. 留意我所说的话。Would you mind if I close the window? 它后面还可加动词ing形式。如:Would you mind (my或me) opening the window? 这句话的回答,可要注意:如果答yes,则是介意,你不要打开门;如果答no,则不介意。Self Check1.be stressed out紧张的,是个固定词组。记住stress要加ed。2.join you (in doing sth)加入你们做某事。如:Come on, join us in playing soccer.3.have to是表示客观造成的“不得不,必须”

46、。4.move是不及物动词,如果说要搬到某处去,要加上介词to,如:move to Babu5.I grow it long.我现在把头发留长。6.I seems 后可以加一个宾语从句。Reading.1.study/ work hard努力学习/工作。这个hard是副词,而hardly是“几乎不”。2.a fifteen year-old boy, 当中 fifteen year-old作定语, 这个时候year不允许有复数变化;但在下个单元中有一句:sixteen-year-olds should not be allowed to work at ngiht.十六岁的人不应该被允许在晚上

47、工作。这个短评sixteen-year-olds指十六岁的人。3.do well in在方面做得好,相当于be good at.4.cause a lot of trouble引起很多麻烦,当中trouble是不可数名词。cause是导致的意思。5.problem child问题孩子6.after his fathers death a few years ago几年前在他父亲死之后,death是名词,dead是形容词,die是动词,它的现在分词是dying,注意 的现在进行时表示即将发生,如:Her grandma is dying.她奶奶快死了。7.afford是“付得起”之意,afford后接不定式,不可接动名词。常和can或be able to搭配。8.pay for为支付钱,还可引申为:pay one yuan for a pair of shoes.这种结构。9.To do this, she had to work. to do this是为了做到这样(付得起学费)。这个不定式表示目的。10.His mother looked after him as well as she could. look after是照顾,照料。=take car

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