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1、 自主复习第一部分：作文上档升级 （六） 书面表达命题特点仔细阅读并反思自己的审题习惯，和打草稿时的错误习惯3、书面表达 （1）由于在初中音标和音节知识不过关，导致一些常见的写作词汇拼写错误，严重影响得分，因此单词拼写的准确性亟待提高。（2）不注意单词的词性，只管把符合中文意思的单词堆砌到句子中。（3）最大的问题是，学生学习并且记忆了大量的词汇，但是由于他们所掌握的这些词汇是孤立的、单个的，而没有按照把这些词汇采用短语和句子的形式进行固化，所以肯定会出现词性乱用、汉语式句子以及句子的结构破碎等一系列的问题。为了提高高三学生的书面表达能力，克服存在的错误，下面将高中学生在书面表达中常犯的经典错误
2、罗列如下，供参考。1、审题不仔细，遗漏要点。部分学生缺乏考点意识，在列出的明确的考点只有四个的情况下，不会到前面正文中去寻找考点，导致遗漏要点；2、作文要点基本齐全，但缺少适度发挥，导致字数太少，容易被误杀。3、单个要点拓展过宽，过于繁琐，阅卷教师难于找到要点。4、将几个要点合并表达为了增加“亮点”而将几个要点融合在一个句子当中，这固然能体现考生的较高的英语水平，但这也是语言点被漏评的重要原因。5、要点表达不按顺序不按照试题提供的信息顺序写作，也造成要点被漏评、得分偏低。6、主谓结构错误 将下列错误该正过来We will visiting Together with they have a l
3、unch The school life very busy. 7、句型错误because of there have a lot of people.There have more and more happiness and sadness. in order to we can learn better8、主谓一致错误很多学生对于第三人称单数充当主语时，句子的谓语动词也应加s或es的用法不太了解。例如：In his spare time, he like to listen to music, .9、情态动词用法错误 We must to fight and I could readin
4、g books and swimming10、动词或动词短语作主语Read books and play basketball can make me relaxed.Because have some much homework,Read newspapers is good for protecting eyesight.Have some students smoking and chat with QQ11、拼写错误：把自己每次作文易错的单词的正确形式写在下面，考前再翻一翻，每天多写一写正确的形式，为高考呈现完美答卷。由于部分学生在记忆单词时，不注意单词的发音和构成各个音节的字母组合，
5、导致产生如下常见错误：正确单词bornfirstdestroygovernmentenvironment常见错误bronfristdestorygovermentenviroment正确单词truebelievefelthabitWednesday常见错误turebelivefellhabbitWensday12、只关注所使用词语的词义，不考虑在句子的词性部分学生在记忆单词时只记其中文意思，而不关注词性，因此在写作文时，按照汉语句子的顺序来翻译要点，而且不考虑所用词的词性，直接将与汉语相对应的英语单词或短语按照所给汉语信息堆砌在一起。例如： We have some special happy
6、 and sad in life. This is very happily sports. I think I am full of confident. In the end, he successed in passing the exam.13、介词使用错误例如：将on September 7, 1930的on用成in，将in 1964用成at 1964，on noon14、短语搭配错误例如： listen music（听音乐）；At afternoon（在下午）；With English（用英语）；This after(这以后)；Afternoon, we will（下午，我们将）。
7、The survey shows that Senior I students spend about 7 hours per week to do something.15、日期、人名、地名使用不规范例如：将1930年9月7日翻译成1930, 9, 7或9, 7, 1930；按照中文习惯来翻译中国的人名和地名，例如Yuan Long Ping，Pan Zhi Hua。16、冠词错误例如：将一个想法an idea写成a idea，或错将不可数名词前加the或在需加the的短语中缺少，例如listen to the music; play violin; make a progress等。17、
8、两个动词连用 例如：将“他爱提问”翻译为He liked ask questions；18、复数名词后未变成复数形式受汉语思维的影响，部分学生没有考虑到可数名词在运用时有单复数变化。例如：Every week we have many test. I have time to read book.They think family teacher can help student learn better.19、部分单词词义掌握不牢固 例如：将because of his hard work用成because of his hard working；将work hard用成work hardl
9、y。 1、四川卷书面表达考点分布情况： 背诵并默写四川卷的高考作文范文， 预测2014年的作文也与学生，学习，学校生活有关。熟练运用一些高级词汇，句型结构，为作文增加亮点。表九2006-2012年四川卷书面表达题材与课标（实验）话题对照表年份书面表达题材涉及话题项目表中的话题2013某中学生英文报近期开辟专栏，讨论学习习惯问题。请你结合自身学习实际，按以下提示，用英文为该专栏写一篇稿件。1.说明学习习惯与学习效果之间的关系；2.介绍一种好的学习习惯并提出养成该习惯的建议；3.描述自己在学习习惯方面存在的某个问题并给出改进措施。话题5. 学校生活（School life）子话题（7）Educat
10、ional methods (preview, review, discuss, presentation, summary)2012假如你是大学一年级新生李华。开学之初，你的英语老师Ms Li希望了解每位同学的英语学习情况，并征求教学建议。请按以下要点用英语给她写一封信。1. 对英语学习的认识；2. 自己目前的英语水平；3. 自己英语学习存在的主要问题；4. 对英语教学的两点建议。话题17. 语言学习（Language learning）子话题（3）Language learning difficulties2011最近，某中学生英文报开设了“After-class Activities”的
11、栏目，请你根据以下提示，为该栏目写一篇英文稿件，并鼓励同学们积极参加课外活动。1、你校开展课外活动的情况；2、你参加过的课外活动及给你带来的益处；3、为同学选择课外活动提出建议；4、为学校开展课外活动提出建议。话题5. 学校生活（School life）子话题（5）Activities (sports, extra-curricular involvement, trip, etc.)2010假定你校将举行一个成人仪式，你将作为代表在仪式上发言。请你按以下内容要点准备一篇英文发言稿。1.过去对成年的向往；2.现在的感受和认识；3.将来的目标及措施。话题9. 计划与愿望（Plans and in
12、tentions）子话题（1）Planning (holidays, social events, travel, further education, jobs, etc.)2009假设你是李华。你的外国笔友Jane 打算于七月来中国，特来信了解中国的社交习俗。请你用英语回一封信，从以下几个方面作具体介绍。1.见面时的问候方式；2.对赞美的回答方或；3.接收礼物时的回应方式；4.餐宴礼节。话题12. 饮食（Food and drink）子话题（8）Eating customs (ways of eating, kinds of food, times to eat, table manner
13、s, chopsticks, knife, fork, etc.)话题23. 社会（Society）子话题（7）Customs and culture 2008（非延考区卷）你校学生会准备办一期英语墙报，主题为：保护环境从我做起。请你根据下图所示写一篇英语短文。话题21. 热点话题（Topical issues）子话题（2）Environmental conservation2008（延考区卷）假定你是李华，将去英国某学校短期学习，被安排住在Smith先生家。请你写封短信与其取得联系并询问以下情况：1. 住宿条件；2. 膳食安排；3. 交通情况。话题9. 计划与愿望（Plans and int
14、entions）子话题（1）Planning (holidays, social events, travel, further education, jobs, etc.)2007假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Henry 最近来信，询问你高考后的暑期安排。请你根据以下要点，用英语回一封信，说明你的计划，并简述理由。1. 休息；2.读书；3.陪伴父母；4.参加社会活动。话题9. 计划与愿望（Plans and intentions）子话题（1）Planning (holidays, social events, travel, further education, jobs, etc.)2006假
15、设你是李华，你的新西兰笔友Nick将于八月来四川旅游，特来信询间有关旅游景点情况。请根据下表所提供的要点，写一封回信，并表示盼望他的到来。旅游资源许多世界著名的风景名胜，如：九寨沟（海子：清澈见底；色彩斑斓）；都江堰水利工程(2000多年历史：仍发挥作用)。相关信息气候适宜；交通方便话题16. 旅游和交通（Travel and transport）子话题（5）Inquiring and making reservations (hotels, tourist spots, etc.)通过以上对比我们可以看出，四川卷书面表达试题题材的选取是严格按照课标（实验）中的话题项目表作为依据的。需要特别指
16、出的是，2008年四川省的两套高考英语试题虽然是由国家考试中心命制的，但其书面表达题材的依据仍然都来自课标（实验）中的话题项目表。书面表达的训练方法 1、背诵默写高考书面表达范文这种背诵默写高考书面表达范文训练学生的写作能力的方法的初衷是，通过大量正确地道的英语文章的输入，使学生积累写作词汇和表达方法，从而提高学生的写作能力。其具体的操作步骤如下： （1）将高考书面表达试题的原题及范文印发给学生。（2）教师按照由大到小的顺序，分别和学生一起讨论该篇书面表达的篇章结构、句子结构和用词。（10分钟）（3）学生背诵范文，并默写。（20分钟）（4）批改：学生根据范文自行批改，或同学间互换批改，然后上交
17、；教师检查，写批语及日期。 2006-2013年四川卷单选考点分布， 希同学们认真理解并记忆，将你错误的考点的题写在下面，加深印象。（一）单项填空命题特点 表五2006-2013年四川高考单项填空试题考点分布语法、词汇年份/题号考 点1.名词辨析201113名词短语(out of ones touch)201215名词辨析 (a matter of time)2.动词/动词短语辨析200625get 和give 短语辨析200733动词 + out短语辨析（call, turn, bring, pick + out）200728动词词义辨析（whisper, shout, explain, r
18、eply）20095get短语辨析（got + in, away, off, through接通）20098动词 + down短语辨析(slowed, broke, got, put)20106连系动词 + nice (looks, smells, feels, tastes + nice)20108动词 + up短语辨析(took, got, shut, set + up)20117动词 + over短语辨析(go, get, turn, take + over )201114Look + 介词短语辨析(+ up, at, for, into)201220动词 + up短语辨析(picked
19、, looked, put, made)3.冠词200722不定冠词（a short break, a call）200914不定冠词与序数词、比较级连用(a better + n., a second + n.)20102冠词(most countries泛指；a flying start)201118零冠词与不定冠词（headmaster, a fifth）201218定冠词、不定冠词(the information age, a time)4.代词200631none用法（none=no + 名词）200732that用法（that=the + 名词）20093it用法 (it特指the
20、 house, one, this, that)20107人称代词me（take a picture of me）20113不定代词something表示“有些道理”(in his words)20122it作形式宾语的用法20132代词that的用法（that=the + 名词）5.形容词、副词200627否定词 + 比较级 = 最高级(never + more exciting)200731形容词比较级（the cheaper one）200919倍数 + 平级比较(twice as expensive)201012修饰number的形容词(small, few, large, many)
21、201112否定词 + 比较级=最高级（never + more pleasant）20127still用法201216that+形容词 + a + 名词6.介词及习语200629200725介词短语（beyond ones ability）介词用法(between classes课间休息时间)20096介词短语on ones own20105介词辨析(against依着，靠着；in, below, beside)20118介词搭配 ( a book on 一本关于的书)201214as介词短语（as well as, so long as, so much as, as soon as） 7
22、.动词时态/语态200622200730现在时表将来（takes off 飞机起飞）过去进行时（was reading a newspaper）200723现在完成时被动语态（what have been marked）200915现在进行时被动语态( is being repaired)200918一般过去时(studied French是在川大的时候)201016现在完成时(not until+ have finished)201018一般过去时 + 被动语态(were expected)20119一般现在时 + 被动语态（visitors + are treated）201119过去完成
23、时(had suggested在made a mistake 前)20123一般将来时(will)20129过去进行时(was answering刚才正在回短信)201211现在进行时 + 被动语态（is being built）20133现在进行时（is waiting）8.情态动词200632200724200913cant表推测的用法shall表命令的用法should表建议的用法20103may表允许201120can表能力201219might表可能20135cant + have done表推测的用法9.非谓语动词200626过去分词作定语（to be held表将来）200633过
24、去分词作状语（faced with和主语we被动关系）200726现在分词作定语（saying修饰a letter）200735过去分词作状语（unless watered表被动）20092动名词作主语（having a picnic相当于一个名词）20094过去分词作表语（remain seated）200910现在分词完成式作状语(having been told和主语he是被动和完成关系) 20104现在分词作定语（questioned修饰students）201011不定式作主语补足语(is pleasant to deal with)201017现在分词作状语(trying not
25、to miss作伴随状语)20112动名词作宾语（feel like + doing）201111不定式作目的状语(to keep the little sick bird)201116过去分词作状语(offered和主语Andy被动关系)20126不定式做作结果状语only to do20128现在分词作宾语补足语(noticed + sth. + doing)201212过去分词作宾语补足语20138现在分词作状语(not knowing 和the girl主动关系)201310不定式作定语（to be completed修饰the airport）10.定语从句200727both of
26、 which + 定语从句200920when + 定语从句201010which + 非限制性定语从句201117whose + 非限制性定语从句201213介词 + whom + 非限制性定语从句20139where + 定语从句(修饰先行词the environment)11.名词性从句200630that + 同位语从句（作the story的同位语）20097that + 同位语从句（作news 的同位语）200911how词组 + 宾语从句（+ often, long, soon, much）201014who + 宾语从句201110what + 宾语从句201217how +
27、宾语从句20136what + 主语从句12.连词/状语从句200623where + 状语从句（注意与定语从句区别）200635before + 状语从句（before还没来得及就）200729while + 状语从句（“而”，表转折）200912unless + 状语从句(除非)201020when + 时间状语从句20114although + 状语从句20116since + 时间状语从句20124while + 状语从句（而）201210where + 状语从句20137even if + 状语从句13.强调句200628完全倒装（at the foot of + lies）2011
28、15考查强调句中的that14.倒装结构200916not until前置的倒装20109seldom前置的倒装20125nor 前置的倒装15.祈使句、感叹句200624祈使句 + or + 陈述句201019祈使句 + and + 陈述句20134祈使句 + and + 陈述句16.主谓一致200917A + together with B（谓语与A一致）201015such + 复数名词 + as + 单数名词 + are17.交际用语200621表扬与应答（Thank you）200634介意的应答（Yes. Better not）200721感谢与应答（Its my pleasure
29、）200734安慰（Doesnt matter）20091请求允许（Go ahead）20099请求与提供帮助(with pleasure非常乐意)20101表示感谢(Thank you)201013道歉与应答(sure it was.当然有用)20111道歉与应答（Thanks anyway）20115指责与应答(Never again)20121购物(50 each用于回答How much is the shirt?的提问)20131别人对某事感到不安、焦虑时的应答。（Take it easy）从上表可以看出，单项填空始终把动词（动词词组、动词时态、情态动词）、非谓语动词、三大从句（定语从
30、句、名词性从句、状语从句）放在最重要位置，每年必考。此外，交际用语、介词、冠词、代词、名词、强调句、倒装结构等的用法也是高考经常考查的常考点。在考查基本语法词汇知识和交际用语时，通过设置语境将知识与语义的考查有机结合是单项填空的一大特点。命题规律：1、考查覆盖面广，几乎涵盖了考试大纲中所有的语法和词汇知识；2、考点分布相对稳定、集中；其中动词是单项填空考查的重点。3、题干简洁明了。题干长度与词汇难度变得越来越小。句子平均用词为13个左右，没有出现长难句；4、难易程度适中，没有偏、难、怪题。（五）短文改错命题特点1、四川卷短文改错错误类型及考点表八2006-2013年四川高考短文改错试题命题特点
31、错误类型年份/题号考点冠词200679Finally we had good idea. (a)200776An Australian farmer found thekangaroo (a)200966Three men were fishing when theangel appeared in the boat (an)201073it is all because of the business of driving on right. (the)201169but he went to the doctor for a help. (删除a)2013line 4because we
32、had same answers (the)名词单复数200682a pleasant, uninterrupted meals (meal)200777a kangaroo caught in the fence around his farms. (farm)200970The second man pointed to his glass and asked (glasses)201075Ive nearly killed three peoples. (people)201166Tom was having much troubles getting up in the morning
33、 (trouble)201268I know I have never expressed mythank to you before. (thanks)2013line 4 because we had the same answers in the tests. (test)时态200676When our six children were young, suppertime isalways. (was)200784. when he gets home, he saw the animal (got)200969The angel touched his back, and he h
34、ad recovered. (删除had)200974“Dont touch me!” he cries. (cried)201074I have been practicing for three weeks now, but I still couldnt get used to it (cant)201172Thank you for all you had done for me. (have)2013line 2Suddenly Mary, my best friend, asking me to let her copy my answers. (asked)2013line 5I
35、 didnt cheat. I was just helping a friend. Why does she punish me? (did) 语态200680We hung a sign on the front door that was read (删除was)201066An English lady was finally decided that she really should learn to drive. (删除was)介词200683On the front door (At)201072 he asked her by surprise. (in / with)201
36、167and was always late with work. (for)201269Butontoday, at this special time, (删除on)201270Thank you so much bynot only giving me life, but also (for)连词200782The farmer was worried because of his wallet was in the pocket. (删除of)201274Whenever I am, I will always love you. (Wherever)代词200779the kind
37、farmer took off his jacket and put on the animal. (it)201267Im sorry that I am abroad and cant send yourflowers, (you)2013line 3But after the test, allof us were called to the teachers office. (both)固定短语200968Ive suffered by back pain for years. (from)非谓语动词v-ing分词200677suppertime is always being int
38、errupted by neighborhood children ring the bell. (ringing)200785he saw the animal waiting at the door, still wore his jacket with the wallet in the pocket.(wearing)201171The man did is told and slept really well, wake up before the alarm had even gone off. (waking)201271Thank you so much by not only
39、 giving me life, but also teach me how to be a good person. (teaching)2013line 2After thinkfor some time, I let her copy my answers. (thinking)v-ed分词201174Im pleasing to hear it. (pleased)不定式200678They wanted one child or another to come out and played. (play)201173and was still the first reach the
40、factory. (to)2013line 2Suddenly Mary, my best friend, asked me to let her to copy my answers. (删除to)词性200975I dont want to be a normallyperson! (normal)201172He had time for a properly breakfast (proper)2013line 1I found the test difficulty, (difficult)2013line 1but I tried hardly to do it. (hard)一致
41、主谓一致200685I just want to know what the sign say. (says)200781But as soon as the kangaroo were free, (was)指代一致200681we sat down to what they thought would be a pleasant, uninterrupted meal. (we)200783But, to my surprise, when he got home, (his)200971The second man pointed to his glass and asked if th
42、e angel could cure her poor eyesight. (his)201068she told her husband thathe was going to drive him over to France for a holiday. (she)201170The doctor gave him some medicine and told him to take them before he went to bed. (it)行文逻辑200778He thought the poor animal was injured, but the kind farmer to
43、ok off his jacket (so)200972The angel touched his eyes, but he could see everything clearly. (and)201070then a week after the trip, (before)201168His boss wanted to fire him if he didnt start coming on time, but he went to the doctor for help. (so201273Mom, though I may often say it, I do love you.
44、(not)2013line 4We were warned not to cheat again so she would need to see our parents. (or)动词错用201067And after many attempts, she past her driving test (passed)201275Hope you good health and much happiness every day! (Wish)疑问副词201071How did you change your mind? (Why)从句关系词200973The angel then turned to the third man, threw up his hands in fear. (who)从以上对比统计可以总结出四川卷短文改错试题的如下特点：1、必考的错误类型有：（1）冠词错误； （2）名词单复数错误；（3）动词时态错误；（4）非谓语动词错误；（5）一致错误；（6）行文逻辑错误。 2、常考的错误类型有：（1）介词错误；（2）词性错误。3、可能考查的错误类型有：（1）语态错误；（2）连词错误；（3）代词错误；（4）固定短语错误；（5）动词错用错误；（6）疑问