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1、九年级英语（仁爱版）上册语言点归纳 Unit 2 Saving the earthTopic 1 I cant stand the environment here.一、重点词汇（一） 词形变换 1. produce(名词) producer 2. breathe (名词) breath 3. manage (同义词) try 4. soil (近义词) earth 5. waste (反义词) save 6. harm (形容词) harmful 7. die (名词) death (形容词) dead 8. downstairs (反义词) upstairs 9.pleasant (反义词
2、) unpleasant 10. change (形容词) changeable（二） 重点词组1. stand /improve / protect the environment 忍受/改善/保护环境 2. produce terrible gas 产生难闻的气味3. manage to do sth. 设法做某事4. in a good / bad mood 情绪好/差5. feel uncomfortable 感到不舒适6. pour waste into river 把废水倒入河里7. something useful 有用的事物8. be harmful to sb. / sth.
3、 对某人/某物有害9. the look of our cities 城市面貌10. see fish swimming 看到鱼儿游来游去11. at present 目前12. shout at sb. 对某人大喊大叫；斥责某人13. stop making so much noise 停止发出如此大的噪音14. disturb others 打扰别人15. a kind of pollution 一种污染16. be sorry for doing sth. 对做了某事感到抱歉17. from now on 从现在起18. in noisy conditions 在吵杂的条件下19. be
4、come deaf 变聋了20. quite a few 相当少21. no better than （几乎）与一样差22. cause high blood pressure 引发高血压23. in strong, changeable light 在强烈、易变的光线下二、 重点句型。1. It is difficult for me to breathe. 对我来说很难呼吸。2. -How long have you been like this? 你处于这样的状态多久了？-I have been like this since last month. 自从上个月以来我一直这样。 3. I
5、t is a beautiful place with flowers and grass. 那是个有花、有草的美丽的地方。4. All the flowers, grass and fish have gone! 所有的花、草和鱼儿都没有了！5. It smells terrible. 难闻极了。6. There are several chemical factories pouring waste water into the river. 有几座工厂正往河里排放污水。7. Its our duty to protect the environment. 保护环境是我们的职责。8. I
6、have been at this school since last year / for one year. 自从去年，我在这个学校了。 / 我来到这个学校有一年了。9. Noise is a kind of pollution and it is harmful to our ears. 噪音是一种污染，对我们的耳朵有害。三、重点语言点1. I cant stand the environment here. 我无法容忍这儿的环境。stand 表“容忍；忍受”，后接名词、代词及动名词做宾语。如： I cant stand that man, he talks too much. 我忍受不
7、了那个人了，他话太多了。 Can you stand the pain? 你能忍得住痛吗？ I cant stand waiting any longer. 我再也等不了了。2. What do you mean by sth. ? 某物是什么意思呢?= Whats the meaning of sth ? = What does sth. mean?3. I hope I can move from here soon. 我希望我能早点从这儿搬走。当主从句主语一致时，常可转换成不定式短语 = I hope to move from here soon. 我希望早点从这儿搬走。4There a
8、re several chemical factories pouring waste water into the river. 有几座工厂正往河里排放污水。 There be + sb. / sth. + doing sth. 表有某人/ 某物正在做某事。 如： There are some birds singing in the tree. 树上有些鸟儿在歌唱。 There is a little girl crying in the street. 街上有个小女孩在哭。5stop doing sth. 停止做（正在进行的）事stop to do sth. 停下来去做（另一件）事如：I
9、ts late. They will stop working and (stop) to have supper. 很迟了。他们将停下来吃晚饭。The students stopped talking and to listen to the teacher. 学生们停止说话去听课。6Im sorry for making so much noise. 很抱歉我弄出这么大的噪音。 be sorry for doing sth. 表对做过的事感到抱歉 be sorry to do sth. 表对当前的事感到抱歉 如：Im sorry for waking you up yesterday. 很
10、抱歉昨天把你弄醒了。Im sorry to trouble you. 很抱歉打扰你了。Im sorry to hear that. 听到那个（消息）感到很遗憾。7 ,not all people know that noise is also a kind of pollution. 并不是所有的人都知道噪音也是一种污染。 not 与both、all 、every 以及 every 的派生词连用时，表部分否定。 如：Not everybody knows this secret. 不是人人知道这个秘密。 Nobody knows this secret. 没有一个人知道这个秘密。I dont
11、know all (of) your names. 你们的名字我并不都知道。I know none of your names. 我不知道你们所有人的名字。8. Recently it was reported that many teenagers in America can hear no better than 65-year-old people do,近来据报道，美国许多青少年的听力和65岁的老人一样差。 no better than 表“同(几乎)一样差; 不比做得好” 如: Lucy did no better than Lily in the exam. 露西和莉莉考得几乎一
12、样糟. = Lucy almost did as badly as Lily in the exam.四、重点语法现在完成时中延续性的动作或状态和由for / since 引导的一段时间状语搭配使用。a)“for + 时间段” 与 “since + 时间点” 都表“一段时间”，常用How long 提问。如: -How long have you been like this? -I have been like this since last month./ for a month. -How long have you lived in Changle?-I have lived in C
13、hangle for ten years / since ten years ago.b) 如句中含有非延续性动词，则改为相应的延续性动词或状态。 如：I bought this TV three days ago.= I have had this TV for three days.His cat died yesterday.= His cat has been dead since yesterday. 常见的非延续性动词转换成延续性动词如下：comebe here; gobe there; closebe closed; openbe open;buyhave; borrow kee
14、p; leavebe away; beginbe on;finishbe over; diebe dead etc.Topic 2 How does pollution hurt the earth?一、重点词汇（一）词形变换 1. none (反义词) all 2. both (反义词) neither 3. rubbish (同义词) litter 4 teal (过去式) stole (过去分词) stolen 5. spit (过去式；过去分词) spat 6. behave (名词) behavior 7. prevent (同义词) stop 8. although (同义词) t
15、hough 9. pollute (句词) pollution 10. completely (形容词) complete（二）重点词组1read this article 看这篇文章2here and there = everywhere 到处3care for = look after = take care of 照顾4give some advice to 提出一些建议给5set ones mind to sth. 集中精力于; 用心于6protect nature 保护自然7wash away 冲走8blow away 吹走；刮走9turn into = change into 转变
16、成10die out 灭绝；绝迹11stop / prevent (from) doing sth. 阻止做某事 12keepfrom doing sth. 阻止做某事13move toward 朝移动14cut down 砍倒15run away 跑走; 流走16cut off 中断17on the earth 在地球上18 be in danger of (doing) sth. 处于做某事的危险中19destroy/ harm/ pollute the environment 破坏/损害/污染环境20have a quiet life 过着平静的生活21plenty of 大量的22co
17、me to realize 开始意识23have a clean-up 大扫除24one after another 一个接着另一个25on recycled paper 在再生纸上26enter the competition 进入比赛27offer ones suggestion 提供某人的建议二、重点句型1 But the government has done something useful to protect the environment.但政府为了保护环境已做了一些有益的事。2 We shouldnt leave rubbish here and there/ everywh
18、ere. 我们不应该到丢弃垃圾。3 Dont step on the grass or pick the flowers around us.不要践踏我们周围的草坪和采摘花朵。4 Everyone should care for /look after/ take care of wild animals and plant more trees. 每一个人都应当保护野生动物并且多种树。5 We should do everything we can to protect the environment. 我们应尽一切努力保护环境。6 Nothing is difficult if you s
19、et your mind to it.世上无难事，只怕有心人。7 The wind is blowing strongly with lots of sand. 风夹着沙子猛烈地刮着。8 They are dying out because of all kinds of pollution.由于各种污染，他们正濒临灭绝。9. It caused Harbin City to cut off its water supply for five days.它导致哈尔滨市断水5 天。10. Some things weve done are very good, while some are no
20、t good for the earth. 我们所做的一些事情对地球有益，然而有一些却对地球有着负面影响。 11. As a result, many rivers and lakes are dead now. 结果，现在许多河流湖泊失去生机。三、 重点语言点1. It says that China has become the worlds largest producer and user of coal.它（文章）写到中国已经成为世界上最大的煤炭生产和消费国。sth. + says that 此句型中主语是事或物，say表用“文字、数字”说明信息。如：It says “ Happy
21、New Year!” on the card. 卡片上写着“新年快乐！”。The clock says that it is 20:00 now. 这面钟显示现在是20：00。 2. As we know, none of us likes pollution. 众所周知，没有人喜欢污染。 none与no one 的区别：a) none “全无”，既可指人也可指物，后常跟of 的短语; 作主语时，谓语动词既可用单数也可用复数；no one只指人，后不能跟of 的短语; 作主语时，谓语动词只用作单数。如： He has read none of these books.（指物）这些书他一本都没看
22、过。 None of my friends like/ likes drawing.（指人）我的朋友们没有一个喜欢画画。 No one is here. 没有一个在这儿。b) none回答how many/ much的问题；no one回答who的问题。 如： A: How many students come to school by taxi? B: None.有多少的学生搭出租车来上学？ 没有人。 A: How much water is there in the bottle? B: None.瓶子里有多少水？ 一点儿也没有。 A: Who is in the room? B: No
23、one.谁在房中？没有人。3 It has become a big problem recently.最近它已经成为一个严重问题。 recently“到目前为止；近来”，常用于现在完成时。如：I havent heard from him recently. 最近，我没收到他的来信。She has read some books on history recently. 最近她看了一些有关历史的书。 4 When it rains, the soil will be washed away.下雨时，土壤就会被冲走。 will be +过去分词为一般将来时的被动语形式。如：The earth
24、will be blown away by the wind. 泥土将会被风刮走。（被动语态）= The wind will blow away the earth. 风将会把泥土刮走。（主动语态） 5A lot of rich land has changed into desert, leaving only sand. 许多肥沃的土地已经变成了沙漠，留下的是遍地黄沙。a) change into = turn into 把.(转)变成. 如：Please change/ turn English into Chinese. 请把英语变成汉语。When the traffic lights
25、 change/ turn into green, we can go.当交通灯变成绿色时,我们就可以通行。b) leaving only stand现在分词短语作状语, 表伴随。如：The children went away, talking and laughing.孩子们说着、笑着离开了。The girl is looking for her mother, crying loudly.这个女孩大声地哭着在寻找她的母亲。 6Trees can stop the wind from blowing the earth away. They can also prevent the san
26、d from moving toward the rich land. 树可以防风固土，也可阻止风沙吹进良田。Trees can keep water from running away. 树可以防止水土流失。stop / prevent sb. /sth. (from ) doing sth. 阻止/ 防止 某人或某物做某事keep sb./sth. from doing sth. 阻止/ 防止 某人或某物做某事7. Although we have built the Great Green Wall, we still need to work hard to protect the e
27、nvironment. 尽管我们已经建了绿色长城，我们仍需要致力于保护环境。although 连词，表“虽然； 尽管”，引导让步状语从句，相当于though 但比though正式。不能与but同时连用。如：Although the question is difficult, he can still answer it.尽管这个问题很难，他仍能回答上它。9 And some animals are in danger of disappearing completely. = And some animals are in danger of dying out. 一些动物濒临灭绝。 in
28、danger of ( doing ) sth. 处于做某事的危险中； 如：They are in danger of losing their lives. 他们正处于失去生命的危险中。9. You may either take a bus or a taxi. 你们可能搭公车去或者是搭出租车去。 a) eitheror “要么要么; 或者或者” 并列连词,连接对等结构;连接主语时,根据就近原则。如： You may come either today or tomorrow. 你要么今天来，要么明天来。 We can either sing or dance. 我们可以唱歌或者跳舞。 E
29、ither you or he is right. 要么你对，要么他对。 b) either 单独使用时，是代词，表“二者之一”既可指人也可指物；用作主语时，谓语动词用作单数。如： A：ould you like coffee or tea? B: Either is OK 你想要咖啡还是茶？随便都可以。 Either of us is right. 我们俩中有一人是对的。四、重点语法 不定代词和不定副词：(一) 不定代词： 指人：someone/ somebody anyone/ anybody no one/ nobody everyone/everybody 指物：something a
30、nything nothing everything（二）不定副词指地点：somewhere anywhere nowhere everywhere（三）用法：1 some-复合代词/副词常用于肯定句；如：I saw someone in the room. 我看见房间里有人。There is something in the woods. 树林里有什么东西。He has gone somewhere warm for his holiday. 他去暖和的地方度假了。2 any-复合代词/副词常用于否定句或疑问句；如：I didnt see anyone in the room. 我没看见有人
31、在房间里。There isnt anything in the woods. 树林里没有什么东西。He hasnt gone somewhere warm for his holiday.他没去暖和的地方度假。3 no- 复合代词/副词表全否定；如：I saw nobody in the room. 我看见房间里没有人。There is nothing in the woods. 树林里没有什么东西。4 every- 复合代词/副词代替全部；如：Everyone is here. 大家都在这儿。It seems he knows everything. 似乎他知道一切。 some-复合代词/副
32、词用于疑问句中时，表希望得到对方的肯定回答或表请求；如：Would you like something to drink? 你要点喝的东西吗？ any-复合代词/副词用于肯定句时，表“任何”；如：If people spit anywhere in public, they should be punished. 如果人们在公众的任何地方吐痰，他们应该受罚。 不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；如：No one knows this secret. 没有一人知道这个秘密。Everything goes well. 一切进展顺利。 如果有定语修饰,定语应放在不定代词或不定副词后；如：I ha
33、ve something important to tell you. 我有重要的事告诉你。There is nobody strange here. 这儿没有一个陌生人。 no= not any nobody = not anybody; nothing = not anythingShe didnt say anything. = She said nothing. 她什么也没说。There is nobody strange here.= There isnt anybody strange here.这儿没有一个陌生人。 Topic 3 Lets be greener people.一
34、、重点词汇（一）词形变换1. organization(动词) organize 2.recycle(动名词) recycling 3. follow(形容词) following 4.electricity(形容词) electric5. move(名词) movement 6. quick(副词) quickly7. environment(形容词) environmental 8. protect(名词) protection（二）重点词组1. environmental protection 环境的保护2. work for 为工作3. spread message about 宣传有
35、关4. reduce the waste/ air pollution 减少浪费/ 空气污染5. both sides of 的两面6. rather than (是)而不是.7. not onlybut also 不仅.而且8. save money/ energy/ electricity 省钱/ 能源/ 电9. be supposed to do sth. 应当做某事10. travel a short distance 短途旅行11. putinto 把放入12. take up a lot of space 占据许多空间13. produce power from 从获得能量14.
36、run the car 发动汽车15. pushforward /up /down 推.向前/向上/向下16. power machines 发动机器17. produce electricity by doing sth. 通过做某事发电18. the movement of water 水的流动19. be used for doing sth 被用作做某事 20. take a quick shower 快速淋浴21. make a short journey 短途旅行22. pick the litter up 捡起垃圾23. try harder 再努力24. produce a s
37、hort oral report 作一个简短的口头报告二、重点句型1Lets be greener people. 让我们做环保使者吧。2my main job is to help spread message about protecting the environment. 我主要的工作是帮助做有关保护环境的宣传。3Its kind of you to do that. 你那样做真是太好了。4Would you like to be a greener person? 你想成为一名绿色使者吗？5Easier said than done. 说得容易，做得难。6Actions speak
38、louder than words. 百说不如一干；事实胜于雄辩。7Of all the rubbish, about 35 percent can be recycled while the rest cant. 在所有的垃圾里，大约35%能被回收，但剩余的则不能。8. They work well, but they are slow and cant run for long. 他们行驶得很好，但他们行驶很慢并且不能远距离行驶。三、重点语言点1. We all know that youre working for some organizations that protect the
39、environment. 我们都知道你在为环保组织工作。work for 表“为工作”He works for a foreign company in Shanghai. 他在上海为一家外资公司工作。2. We should use both sides of paper, and reuse plastic bags rather than throw them away. 我们应该把纸的两面都使用，将塑料袋再次使用而不是轻易扔掉。a) both 修饰复数名词；而 either 修饰单数名词； 如：There are a lot of trees on both sides of the
40、road.= There are a lot of trees on either side of the road. 在路的两边有许多树。b) rather than 表“（是）而不是”;连词, 连接对等结构, 相当于instead of如: I like coffee rather than tea. = I like coffee instead of tea. 我喜欢咖啡而不是茶. He likes listening to music rather than/ instead of singing. 他喜欢听音乐而不是唱歌. He wants to go today rather than/ instead of tomorrow. 他想今天走而不明天. I did my homework rather than watched TV. = I did my homework instead of watching TV. 昨晚我做作业了而不是看电视.但rather than位于句首时, 后跟动词原形,它不受句中谓语动词的时态影响。如： Rather