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1、Literary TermsLITERARY TERMS FOR AP ENGLISH LITERATURE AND COMPOSITIONNEW!QUIZLETnotecards for all of the literature terms! Thank you, Sarralane!#1 METAPHORICAL DEVICES/IMAGERY:Literature Terms#11. Metaphor: Comparison of two seemingly unlike things2. Simile: Comparison using like or as3. Personific
2、ation: Characteristics of humans given to non-humans4. Synechdoche: Part for the whole5. Metonymy: Substitution of associated word for word itself6. Allusion: Reference to well-known being or event7. Symbol: Is what it is and something more8. Image: Sensory detail9. Archetype: Recurrent image that t
3、ouches collective subconscious1. Abstract/Concrete: Classifications of imagery2. Motif: Recurrent image, idea, or theme in specific piece of literature#2 IRONIC DEVICES:Literay Terms #21. Verbal irony: Say one thing, mean another2. Dramatic irony: Audience knows, character doesnt3. Situational irony
4、: Unexpected result4. Understatement: Making big things seem small5. Hyperbole: Exaggeration6. Paradox: Seeming contradiction long style7. Oxymoron: Seeming contradiction short style8. Litotes: Affirmation from negative9. Ambiguity: Purposeful multiple meanings as in pun and double entendre#3 RHETOR
5、ICAL DEVICES:APLit31. Diction: Word choice2. Syntax: Sentence and phrase structure3. Antithesis: Balancing of contrasting ideas4. Polysyndeton: Stringing a sentence out with conjunctions5. Anacoluthon: Breaking off a sentence6. Parallelism: Repetition of similar syntactical structure7. Point of View
6、: Narrative perspective1st, 2nd, 3rdPerson8. Apostrophe: Addressing person/entity not present9. Analogy: Extended comparison of similar things1. Colloquialism: Informal diction2.#4 SONIC AND RHYTHMIC DEVICES; STRUCTURE:Lit.Terms #41. Alliteration: Repetition of consonant sound in initial position2.
7、Assonance: Repetition of a vowel sound3. Consonance: Repetition of consonant sound in any position4. Euphony: Soft, pleasing sounds5. Cacophony: Harsh sounds6. Onomatopoeia: Word whose sound suggests meaning7. Metric Feet: Spondee, iamb, anapest8. Amphibrach: Unaccented, accented, unaccented syllabl
8、e9. Metric Lines: Ex. Tetrameter, Pentameter, Hexameter Stanzas1. Stanzas: Ex. Couplet, quatrain, octave2. Ballad Stanza: abcb, alternating tetrameter and trimester3. Rhyme Scheme: end rhyme expressed alphabetically (abbacdcd)4. Blank Verse: Unrhymed iambic pentameter5. Free Verse: Poetry with no re
9、gular rhyme or rhythm6. Heroic Couplet: Two rhymed lines in iambic pentameter; complete thought#5 POETRY TYPES AND TERMS:(Cite a poem as example of types of poems)Lit.Terms#51. Lyric Poetry: Short verse stressing emotional over story2. Narrative Poetry: Verse that tells a story (Ex.: ballad)3. Epic
10、Poetry: Long story in verse4. Canto: Division of a long poem (like chapter to novel)5. English Sonnet: Fourteen line poem with three quatrains and a couplet6. Italian Sonnet: Fourteen line poem with octave and sestet7. Epigram: Witty poem or saying8. Epitaph: Memorial poem9. Enjambment: Running over
11、 of a sentence from one line or stanza to another1. Refrain: Repetition of line or phrase at regular intervals (like chorus)#6 NARRATIVE TERMS/PLOT TERMS:1. Atmosphere: Effect of physical environment2. Tone: Authors or speakers attitude3. Conflict: interplay of opposing forces4. Comic Relief: Lighte
12、ns narrative5. Complication: Plot reversals6. Deus Ex Machina: Contrived ending7. Epiphany: Sudden awareness8. Flashback: Device to supply background9. Foreshadowing: Hints at coming events1. Stream of Consciousness: Thoughts and feelings recorded as they occur2. Theme: Central idea3. Motif: Often-r
13、epeated idea or theme4. Plot: Exposition, rising action, climax, falling action5. Denouement: Resolution, outcome replicating thought6. In media res: beginning in the middle of things#7 CHARACTER TERMS:1. Round Character: Complex, multi-faceted, not predictable2. Flat Character: Recognizable type; l
14、acks complexity3. Confidant: Protagonists intimate4. Foil: Characters illuminator through contrast5. Protagonist: Character around which the action is centered6. Antagonist: Person or force working against the protagonist7. Omniscience: Teller knows all about everyone8. Limited Omniscience: Teller k
15、nows all about one character9. Dramatic Perspective: Teller presents just the facts1. Doppelganger: Mysterious double2. Antihero: An ordinary, modern man/woman groping through life#8 LITERARY MOVEMENTS:1. Renaissance: 14th17thCentury, rebirth of humanism2. Neoclassicism: Restoration18thCentury, orde
16、r and reason3. Romanticism: 18th19thc., imagination over reason4. Realism: Verisimilitude5. Naturalism: Extreme realism6. Existentialism: Humans inadequate to explain complex world7. Magical Realism: Begins real, gets weird8. Expressionism: Objectify inner experience#9 LITERARY GENRES:1. Tragedy: St
17、arts good, gets bad, hero destroyed2. Comedy: Starts bad, gets good, hero triumphs3. Comedy of Manners: Elevated, often satirical, from Restoration Period4. Farce: Crude, often obscene5. Melodrama: Excessive appeal to emotions6. Bildungsroman: Novel about young persons maturation (Coming of Age)7. A
18、llegory: Persons equated with meanings beyond the narrative8. Satire: Improving human conditions through exaggeration, comedy9. Novel: Extended fictional narrative1. Novella/Novelette: Longer than a short story2. Parody: Ridicule of a serious work by exaggerated imitation3. Picaresque Novel: Life st
19、ory of a rascal4. Short Story: Brief fictional narrative in prose5. Essay: Prose discussion of a limited topic6. Horatian Satire: Gentle ridicule7. Juvenalian Satire: Angry ridicule8. Myth: Traditional story explaining natural phenomena or cultural practice9. Didactic Literature: Seeks to instruct#1
20、0 ESSAY TERMS AND LITERARY CRITICISM:1. Hook: Initial attention getter2. Central Idea: Core of writers assertion3. Thesis: Outline of writers proofs4. Topic Sentence: Focus of paragraph, part of thesis5. Structure: Introduction, body, conclusion6. Expository Essay: Presentation of information, facts
21、, ideas7. Persuasive Essay: Presentation to convince reader8. Descriptive Essay: Single clear picture of person, place, thing, or idea9. Narrative Essay: Tells a story1. Literary Criticism: Analyzes and comments on literature2. Formalist Criticism (New Criticism): Emphasizes the work as an independe
22、nt creation utilizing personal response and close examination of the work. Dominant from 30s to 70s; most often used with student criticism.3. Deconstructive Criticism: Opposite of formalist criticism; seeks to reveal authors social, cultural, or philosophical assumptions by close examination of the
23、 text.4. Historical Criticism: Works are studied within historical context. The study ofMacbethwould involve Elizabethan attitudes towards ghosts.5. Psychological Criticism: Utilizes Freudian theories and psychoanalytic interpretations.6. Gender Criticism: Feminist and Gay criticism reflecting cultural framework.