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1、Module 4 Fine artswestern,Chinese and pop arts知识点整理一1. prefer的用法：(1)prefer sth to sth/prefer doing sth to doing sth与（做）某事相比更喜欢（做）某事I prefer tea to coffee. I prefer walking to cycling.(2)prefer to do sth rather than do sth=would rather do than do=would do rather than do宁愿做某事而不愿做某事。I prefer to be alon
2、e rather than stay with them.The soldiers would rather die than give in.I would stay at home rather than go to the cinema.(3)prefer sb to do sth宁愿某人做某事My father prefers me to go home early.(4)would prefer的用法would prefer sth想要某物；更喜欢某物There is coffee and tea.Which would you prefer?would prefer to do s
3、th=would like to do sth宁愿做某事Id prefer to do it earlier.would prefer sb to do sth宁愿某人做某事I would prefer you to stay here.would prefer to dorather than do 宁愿做而不愿做I would prefer to stay at home rather than go for a walk.（would） prefer that宁愿；希望（此时宾语从句中要用虚拟语气，从句中谓语用一般过去时或“should+动词原形”结构，should可以省略）She pr
4、eferred that she(should) do it alone. 她宁愿独自一人做这件事。I prefer that you went there with us tomorrow. 我宁愿你明天跟我们一起去那儿。I would prefer that you didnt mention my name.I prefer that you should do it.(1)It seems that most people_watching football games to playing them.A.like B.prefer C.enjoy D.love(2)Which do
5、you like better,American football or soccer?_.A.I prefer soccer to football B.I like soccer than footballC.I prefer soccer better than football D.I like soccer to football(3)To enjoy the scenery,Irene would rather spend long hours on the train_travel by air.A.as B.to C.than D.while(4)Rather than_on
6、a crowded bus,he always prefers_a bicycle.A.ride;ride B.riding;ride C.ride;to ride D.to ride;riding(5)Which do you _better,chicken or fish?A.prefer B.like C.eat D.take(6)What will you_in the future,a doctor or a teacher?A.prefer be B.prefer to C.prefer to being D.prefer to be(7)_all the way to your
7、mothers,I would prefer to spend the weedend at home.A.Rather than drive B.Rather than to drive C.To driving D.Than drive(8)The visiting professor_giving a lecture to students_invited to meeting at a time.A.preferred;to being B.preferred to;rather than C.preferred;than being D.preferred to;to being(9
8、)Do you feel like_to a film or would you rather_at home?A.to go;stay B.going;staying C.going;stay D.going;to stay (1)B (2)A (3)C (4)C (5)B (6)D (7)A (8)A 来访的教授宁愿每次给学生作报告也不愿被邀请去开会。 (9)C2. 在“It is time(that) ”句型中，定语从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气表示将来，动词形式用过去式或“should+动词原形”（should不可以省略），意思是“该做某事的时候了。” Its time we went(s
9、hould go) to bed. Its (high)time we did our homework.Jack is a great talker.Its high time that he_something instead of just talking.A.will do B.has done C.do D.did D3. would rather后接动词原形或从句，从句中使用虚拟语气（一般过去时表示对现在或将来的虚拟，过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟）。 I would rather he left now.我宁愿他现在就离开。 Id rather you hadnt done that
10、.我真希望你没做过那件事。 (1)Shall I open the window to let some fresh air in? No,_.A.Id rather not B.Id rather you not C.Id rather you didnt D.Id like not to (2)Who would you rather_the report instead of you?A.have write B.have to write C.write D.have written(1)C (2)A4. like的用法(1)vt & vi 喜欢，爱好like to do sth.喜欢
11、做某事（表示一次性的具体的行为）like doing sth.喜欢做某事(表示经常性的，反复发生的行为，已经形成习惯）like sb.to do sth.喜欢某人做某事特别说明： dislike(不喜欢) 后接动词时，在现代英语中通常只用动名词，不用不定式。尽管偶尔可见后接不定式的用例，但已属过时用法，学生应试时应避免。dislike doing sth.It is too hot , I like to swim today.(想去游泳，只是今天想去，是一次性的行为） It is too hot , I like swimming in summer.(天太热了，整个夏天都喜欢游泳。（表示经
12、常性的动作，以形成习惯）My mother likes me to do housework after dinner.(妈妈喜欢让我饭后做家务）他不喜欢同她一起出去。（dislike)误：He dislikes to go out with her.正：He dislikes going out with her.(2)n 爱好，相似的人或事物We know nothing of his likes and dislikes.我们对他的好恶一无所知。(3)adj想像的，类似的The two sisters are very like.(4)adv大概，可能Youll try it somed
13、ay like enough.很有可能你有一天会去试试看。(5)conj像一样I cannot speak English well like you.我说英语无法像你那样好。(6)prep如同，依照；像，似；想要I feel like going to bed.Im tired.She worked like a robot.她工作起来如同一个机器人。注意：连词和介词的区别：连词是连接两个并列成分，比如连接两个句子，连接两个同性质的词语或短语,在句中不单独做句子成分。而介词后面一般只跟名词，代词，或者相当于名词性质的动名词做宾语。 (1)He likes_football,but he do
14、esnt like_football this afternoon.A.playing;to play B.to play;playing C.playing;play D.to play;to play(2)Would you come to our party this evening?Yes,_.A.I like B.I like to C.Id like to D.Id like(3)Though he isnt a soldier,he works_a soldier.A.as B.like C.for D.on(1)A (2)C (3)B5. match vt相配；与相匹敌(1)m
15、atch sth与相配Her clothes dont match her age.(2)matchto/with把和搭配起来Match the words in the box with the pictures.把方框中的单词与图片搭配。Something went wrong in matching supply to demand.供需平衡出现了问题。(3)match sb in/for（在某方面）与匹敌No one can match her in knowledge of classical music.在古典音乐方面没人能和她匹敌。(4)match against使（和）比赛He
16、 matched his shooting skill against the experts.他和专家比赛射击技术。辨析：match,suit 和fit这三个词作动词均可以表示“合适”。(1)match多指大小、形状、颜色等相匹配。(2)suit多指服装的色彩、款式合乎需要、品味、性格等，也可用于时间、场合对某人合适。(3)fit指适合环境、条件、目的、要求等（即某人、某物具有在工作、用途上必需的品质），同是也可用于表示衣服、鞋帽等合身、合脚。No dish suits all tastes.众口难调I want a tie that will match this suit.我想要一条和这
17、件衣服相配的领带。My new evening dress fits me quite well.我的新晚礼服很合身。(1)I want to buy a blue jacket to_my blue trousers.A.match B.belong to C.fit D.treat(2)How about eight oclock outside the cinema?That_me fine.A.fits B.meets C.satisfies D.suits(3)Mummy,can I put the peaches in the cupboard?No,dear.They dont_
18、well.Put them in the fridge instead.A.keep B.fit C.get D.last(4)Your tie looks small.It_with your shirt perfectly.Thanks.Im glad you like it.A.matches B.meets C.agrees D.goes(5)This pair of shoes is so big that it doesnt_me.A.suit B.fit C.become D.match(6)None of us can_him in playing tennis.A.match
19、 B.beat C.defeat D.win(7)Her experience and abilities_her admirably dmrbl 极好的for the job.A.make B.suit C.fit D.meet(1)A (2)D (3)A keep 作不及物动词，表示“（食物）保持不坏” (4)D (5)B(6)ABC 打网球我们都不是他的对手 (7)C她的经历和能力使她非常适合这份工作。6. observe vt注意，观察；遵守（法律、习俗）；庆祝（节日）observation bzven n观察，观察力，注意observe the traffic rules.遵守交通规
20、则observe the manners遵守礼仪You must observe the rules here.你必须遵守这儿的规章制度。In recent years many western festivals are observed in China.近年来在中国人们也过许多西方节日。observe sb do sth看到某人做了某事sb be observed to do sth某人被看到做了某事observe sb doing sth注意某人正在做某事sb be observed doing sth某人被看到正在做某事He observed a stranger wandering
21、 around the store.(wander wnd漫步，漫游)他看到一个陌生人正在商店附近闲逛。The man was observed to open the window of the shop.有人看到那个人打开了商店的窗户。They were observed entering the bank.人们注意到他们进入银行。妙辨异同：see,watch,notice与 observe的辨析(1)see强调结果，意为“看见，看到”时，一般不用进行时态。(2)watch指仔细观看动着的东西。(3)notice意为“看到，注意到，觉察到”(4)observe意为“观察”；指从不同的角度长
22、时间地看并研究。(1)Though having lived abroad for years,many Chinese still_the traditional customs.A.perform B.possess C.observe D.support(2)He observed a stranger_around the store at 12 pm last night.A.to hang B.hang C.hanging D.to be hanging(3)The scientist devoted（devote dvt把奉献给） himself to his career.Th
23、at is to say,he_the stars all his life.A.observed B.watched C.saw D.looked(4)The accused(accusekju:z指责，指控) man was observed_the lock of the door.A.try to force B.trying force C.trying to force D.to try force f:s强迫(5)They_the train until it disappeared in the distance.A.saw B.watched C.noticed D.obse
24、rved(6)People who believe in God_Christmas on Dec.25.A.observe B.congratulate C.hold D.pass(7)We observed some young men_(slip)into the building at 11:00 last night.(1)C许多中国人尽管在国外居住了许多年，但仍然遵守着传统的习俗。 (2)C(3)A observe 观测 这位科学家一生都在观察星星。 watch仔细观看（动着的东西）(4)C 根据句意“ 被告被看到正在企图撬开门锁”可知应表示动作正在进行时“被看到”。(5)B 只有
25、watch强调动作的延续(6)A (7)slipping7. adopt vt采用，采纳；收养We all like our new English teacher,because she adopted a new method of teaching.我们都喜欢我们的新英语老师，因为她采用了新的教学方法。Our suggestion was adopted.我们的建议被采纳了。Mr John adopted the orphan :fn as his own son.约翰先生将那孤儿收养为自己的儿子。adoption dpn n采用，采纳；领养，收养adopted dptd adj被收养的
26、，被采用的adopted son/daughter养子/养女adoptive dptv adj采用的；有收养关系的adoptive mother/father养父/养母妙辨异同：adopt,adapt与adjust的辨析(1)adopt vt采用，采纳；收养(2)adapt dpt 使适应；改编 adaptable dptbl adj能适应的，适应性强的adaptation dpten n适应，适应性；改编本adapt to sth适应（新环境等）He always adapted easily to new circumstances. (circumstance s:kmstns环境) 他
27、总是很容易使自己适应新的环境。The new teacher was very slow to adapt to the unusual rules of the school. 这位新教师对该校这种独特的校规适应很慢。 adapt oneself to sth使适应（新环境等）You should adapt yourself to the new environment. 你应该适应新环境。be adapted from/for由/为改编This new film is said to be adapted from a novel by jane austen据说这部新影片是根据简The
28、 play has been adapted from a novel此剧系由一部小说改编而成。This novel has been adapted for radio from the Russian original.这部小说已由俄文原著改编成无线电广播节目。(3)adjust dst vt 调整，适应(1)The recommendation rekmenden推荐，建议 that our pay_was not_.(recommend rekmend动词，“推荐，建议”)A.raised;adopting B.be raised;adopted C.should raised;to
29、adopt D.should be raised;to adopt(2)To his surprise,the suggestion he put forward at the meeting was not be_.A.adopted B.abandoned C.adapted D.adjusted(3)After much deliberation dlbren考虑，深思熟虑,the president decided to_her suggestion.A.adopt B.adapt C.adore D.admire(4)I regret for not having_his advic
30、e,otherwise I wouldnt have suffered such a lot of loss in business.A.adapted B.adopted C.adjusted D.accessed(5)There are many techniques(technique tekni:k技巧，技术) that you can_to help you in managing your time better.A.adopt B.adjust C.adapt D.addict(1)B我们的工资应被提高的这项建议没有被采纳。recommendation后的从句是同位语从句，从句中
31、的谓语动词该用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。(2)A (3)A总经理再三考虑之后，决定采纳她的建议。(4)B (5)A你可以采用很多技巧来帮助你更好地利用时间。8. (1)interest vt使感兴趣 interest sb in sth使某人对某事感兴趣(2)interest n兴趣lose interest in对失去兴趣show/take an interest in对感兴趣take/have no interest in对不感兴趣It is believed that if a book is_, will surely_the reader.A.interesting,w
32、hich,interest B.interesting,who,be interestingC.interested,that,be interesting D.interested,it,interestA.which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰book。9. name vt说出的名字，举出的名称nameafter按照命名，用的名字命名。The machine is named after its inventor.这台机器是以其发明者的名字命名的。副词形式为namely，意为“那就是，这就是说”make a/ones name出名，成名She was beginning to make a
33、name for herself as a portrait photographer. 她开始成为一个小有名气的人像摄影师。by the name of名叫的There is a young actor by the name of Tom.这儿有一个名字叫做汤姆的年轻演员。put a name to sb/sth知道某物的名称/记住某人的名字under the name of用名字；以命名That man is usually under the name of Rees.那个男人经常以里斯为假名。Do you know a boy_David?A.made a name for B.in
34、 the name of C.by the name of D.in name only C10.delight v “使高兴”delight ones hearts 使某人心情舒畅delight n作“高兴，喜悦”讲时，为不可数名词；作“使人高兴的事”讲时，为可数名词to ones delight“令某人高兴的是”；take delight in“以为乐”Does she take delight in swimming in a river?.她喜欢在河里游泳吗？delighted adj“高兴的，愉快的，修饰人。 delightful“令人高兴的”，修饰物，没有delighting形式。
35、be delighted to do sth“高兴做某事“be delighted at对感到高兴11.consider的用法 considerable knsdrbl adj相当大（或多）的;该注意的，应考虑的considerate knsdrt adj 关心的，体贴的consideration knsdren n思考，考虑considering knsdr prep考虑到，鉴于Considering the distance,he arrived very quickly考虑到路程，他来得够快了。consider作“考虑”解，常用于以下句型： 1. consider+名词/代词/动名词。
36、Youd better consider my suggestion. Im considering going abroad some day.2.consider+从句或“疑问词+不定式”。 Have you considered what he suggested?你们考虑他的建议了吗？ We must consider what to do next. 3.considering sth/that从句“鉴于，由于”4.所有一切都考虑在内，从全局出发considering everything everything considered take everything into cons
37、ideration everything taken into consideration Considering everything/everything considered/Taking everything into consideration/Everything taken into consideration,the event was a great success.总的来说，这件事是很成功的。consider作“认为”解时，常用于以下句型： 1.consider sb/sth+ (as) + adj/n“把某人/某物当作”其中，as可以省略。 At first they c
38、onsidered me as a doctor.起初他们认为我是医生。I consider what he said (as)reasonable.我认为他说得有道理。 2.consider sb/sth+ (to be) +adj/nWe consider him honest. We consider Beijing the heart of our country. 我们认为北京是我国的心脏。We considered him to be a good student.我们认为他是个好学生。I consider it(to be/as) a great honor.我认为这是极大的荣幸
39、。3.consider+sb./sth.+ to have done 认为某人/某物已经做过We considered him to have seen the film.我们认为他已看过这部电影。 4.It is considered+that从句可转化为：从句主语+be considered+不定式。根据需要，不定式有不同的时态和语态。It is considered that Columbus found the New Land.=Columbus is considered to have found the New Land.人们认为哥伦布发现了“新大陆”。5.把当作的表达：con
40、sider as=think ofas=look on/uponas=regardas=haveas=refer toas=seeas=takeas=viewas=treatasI consider him as my best friend=I look on/think of/regard him as my best friend.1.Bellwasconsidered_thephone.A.toinvent B.havinginvented C.tohaveinvented D.inventing2. I consider Tom _ the finest basketball pla
41、yer today. a. to be b. being c. was d. be 3. Our monitor _ to be an honest man. a. considers b. is considering c. was considered d. has considered4. They have been considering _ the problem. a. to work out b. work out c. working out d. worked out5._his age,he was considered_well in the play.A.Consid
42、er;acting B.Considering;to have acted C.Considered;acting D.To consider;to act6.What are you considering?_my job.A.Changing B.To change C.Change D.Changed7.Edison is considered_the electric light.A.inventing B.discovering C.to have invented D.to have discovered8.Charles Babbage is generally consider
43、ed_the first computer.A.to invent B.inventing C.to have invented D.having invented9.Before you quit your job,_how your family would feel about your decision.A.consider B.considering C.to consider D.considered10.I consider_the party until Saturday evening,and it is considered_practical.A.putting off;
44、being B.putting off;to be C.to put off;being D.to put off;to be11.We all_the city library an important part of public service.A.consider B.regard C.look upon D.think of12.My family considers_a computer,which is considered_a great help in our work and study.A.to buy;to be B.buying;being C.buying ;to be D.to buy;being13.He is considered_for London.Yes,Im considering_there as well.A. leaving; going B. to leave; to go C. to have left; going D.having left; to go 14.All the staf