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1、A taste of English humour课时作业课时作业考点互动探究考点互动探究基础知识回顾基础知识回顾与名师对话高考总复习高考总复习课标版课标版英语（专版）英语（专版）“雪亮工程是以区（县）、乡（镇）、村（社区）三级综治中心为指挥平台、以综治信息化为支撑、以网格化管理为基础、以公共安全视频监控联网应用为重点的“群众性治安防控工程”。1.识记填读识记填读2.联想填读联想填读3.构词填读构词填读4.语境填读语境填读5.句式填读句式填读6.核心词汇核心词汇7.单元语法单元语法8.微型考场微型考场9.名师讲坛名师讲坛.识记填读识记填读1_ adj. 满足的；满意的满足的；满意的答案答案co
2、ntent2_ n失败失败答案答案failure3_ vt. & vi.战胜；克服战胜；克服答案答案overcome4_ n姿势；手势姿势；手势答案答案gesture5_ n. 耳语；低语；耳语；低语；vt. & vi.低语，小声说低语，小声说答案答案whisper6_ n脏或乱的状态脏或乱的状态答案答案mess.联想填读联想填读1_now直到现在直到现在by now直到现在直到现在_到目前为止到目前为止答案答案up to；so far2_穷的；缺少的穷的；缺少的well off富有的富有的答案答案badly off3_.of.使使信服信服rid.of.使使摆脱摆脱_.of.怀疑怀疑_.of.
3、指控指控答案答案convince；suspect；accuse4_adj.特殊的；特殊的；n.细节细节_尤其尤其be_对对很挑剔很挑剔 答案答案particular；in particular；particular about5pick out挑出；辨别出挑出；辨别出_拿起；拿起；习得；恢复；搭乘习得；恢复；搭乘答案答案pick up6cut off切断切断_切碎；伤心切碎；伤心_消减消减_插嘴插嘴答案答案cut up；cut down；cut in7_主演；担任主角主演；担任主角play a part in在在扮演角色；在扮演角色；在起作用起作用答案答案star in.构词填读构词填读1en
4、tertain v. 使欢乐，款待使欢乐，款待 _ n娱乐，款娱乐，款待待答案答案entertainment2convince vt. 使信服；使相信使信服；使相信_ adj.让人信让人信服的服的_ adj.(人人)相信的，信服的相信的，信服的答案答案convincing；convinced3humour n幽默；滑稽幽默；滑稽_ adj.有幽默感有幽默感的，滑稽有趣的的，滑稽有趣的答案答案humorous4_ n表演者表演者perform vt.表演，演出；做，表演，演出；做，执行执行_ n表演；表现；业绩表演；表现；业绩答案答案performer；performance5_ vt.使惊诧使
5、惊诧astonishing adj.令人感到惊讶的令人感到惊讶的答案答案astonish6fortunate adj.幸运的幸运的_ adv.不幸地不幸地答案答案unfortunately7bored adj.厌烦的厌烦的_ adj.令人厌烦的令人厌烦的答案答案boring8occasion n时刻；场合时刻；场合_ adj.偶尔的；偶偶尔的；偶然的；临时的然的；临时的答案答案occasional9_ n解释解释explain vt.说明说明答案答案explanation.语境填读语境填读1They all felt _(对对满意满意) my performance，and _(特别是特别是)
6、my _(幽默的幽默的) and_(有趣有趣的的)lines made them_(突然大笑突然大笑)答案答案content with；particularly；humorous；entertaining；burst into laughter2_(幸运地是幸运地是), although he came from a _(贫贫穷的穷的) family and suffered many _(失败失败)，he didnt give up and _(到现在为止到现在为止) he has set up three companies of his own.答案答案Fortunately；badly
7、 off；failures；up to now3Electricity has_(切断切断) due to the storm，so we have to _(分发分发) candles to the students in the classroom.答案答案been cut off；give out4When Mrs. John got home，she found her house completely_(一片混乱一片混乱)答案答案in a mess5My mother used to say to me，“Never _(太太挑剔挑剔) about what you eat and
8、wear. Look at those who are _(无家可归的无家可归的)”答案答案be too particular；homeless6Since the coach _(挑选出挑选出) the good players，they _(带来了带来了)great changes to our team.答案答案picked out；have brought about.句式填读句式填读1_，he began making films.随着时间随着时间的推移，他开始拍电影。的推移，他开始拍电影。答案答案As time went by2Then he cuts off the leathe
9、r top of the shoe _ _ it _ the finest steak.然后他把皮带上端的然后他把皮带上端的皮子切下来，就像是切下一块最好的牛排。皮子切下来，就像是切下一块最好的牛排。答案答案as if；were3The acting is _ it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted！(卓别林的卓别林的)这这场表演是那么有说服力，以致于你会认为这顿饭是他所吃过的场表演是那么有说服力，以致于你会认为这顿饭是他所吃过的最美味的一餐！最美味的一餐！答案答案so convincin
10、g that4By his teens，Charlie _，through his humour，_ one of the most popular child actors in England.在十多岁的时候，凭借着自己的幽默，查理已经在英在十多岁的时候，凭借着自己的幽默，查理已经在英国成为受欢迎的童星之一。国成为受欢迎的童星之一。答案答案had；become必必会会be content to do sth. (be willing/ ready to do sth.)乐于做某事；满足于做某事乐于做某事；满足于做某事feel/ be content with sth. (feel/ be
11、satisfied/ pleased with sth.)对某事感到满意对某事感到满意/满足满足content oneself with使使(某人某人)自己对自己对感到满足感到满足content n内容内容用用content完成下列句子完成下列句子He _ quite _ _ his present situation.他对自己目前的境遇颇为得意。他对自己目前的境遇颇为得意。答案答案is；content withI _ no longer _ _ the life that had once _ _.我已经不再满足于曾经使我满足我已经不再满足于曾经使我满足的生活了。的生活了。答案答案was；c
12、ontent with；contented meWe can swim in the river _.我们可我们可以在河里尽情地游泳。以在河里尽情地游泳。答案答案to our hearts content介词填空介词填空He entertained us _ his humourous stories.答案答案with I entertained my friends _ dinner yesterday evening.答案答案to必必会会wear sth. out把某物用坏、穿破、把某物用坏、穿破、耗尽耗尽wear sb. out使某人疲乏、困乏使某人疲乏、困乏worn out(形容词形容
13、词)破烂不堪的；废破烂不堪的；废旧的；精疲力竭的旧的；精疲力竭的The shoes are _ _ 那双鞋已经穿旧了。那双鞋已经穿旧了。答案答案worn outCheap socks _ _ quickly 便宜袜子很快便宜袜子很快就穿破。就穿破。答案答案wear outHe _ a happy smile at that moment.那一刻他带那一刻他带着幸福的笑容。着幸福的笑容。答案答案wore(2013嘉峪关市一中高三第三次模拟嘉峪关市一中高三第三次模拟)Hard work and lack of sleep have_her beauty and youth in recent ye
14、ars.Aworn out Btried outCmade out Dsent out解析解析考查动词短语。考查动词短语。wear out(使使)耗尽。句意：最近耗尽。句意：最近几年，辛劳的工作和缺乏睡眠已经耗尽了她的美丽和青春。几年，辛劳的工作和缺乏睡眠已经耗尽了她的美丽和青春。答案答案A必必会会convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事使某人相信某事convince sb. that.使某人确信使某人确信be convinced of/that.确信确信convince sb. to do 说服某人去做某说服某人去做某事事convincing adj.令人信服的令人信服的用用
15、convince的适当形式填空的适当形式填空He always_me that I should study law.答案答案convincesShe agreed but didnt sound very_.答案答案convincedHis argument sounded very_to me.答案答案convincingWe are_of his innocence.答案答案convinced类类词词辨辨析析direct用于具体意义，指用于具体意义，指“中途不停中途不停止地，径直地止地，径直地”directly多用于抽象意义，表示多用于抽象意义，表示“直接直接地地”，还有，还有“立即，马
16、上立即，马上”等等意思意思用用directly和和direct填空填空It costs more to fly _ to Hong Kong.答案答案directThe measure affects me _.答案答案directlyThese books will be _ (particular) helpful to those who wish to improve their English.解析解析句意：这些书对那些希望提高英语水平的人来说句意：这些书对那些希望提高英语水平的人来说会特别有用。会特别有用。particularly“特别地特别地”，符合题意。，符合题意。答案答案pa
17、rticularlyJohns mother is very _ (particular) about what she wears，although her family is not that rich.解析解析句意：尽管家里不是那么富裕，但约翰的妈妈对句意：尽管家里不是那么富裕，但约翰的妈妈对自己穿什么非常挑剔。自己穿什么非常挑剔。be particular about在此表示在此表示“对对挑挑剔剔”。答案答案particularI like all the four seasons，spring _ particular.答案答案inShes very particular _ wha
18、t she eats.答案答案about必必会会on occasion(s) 偶尔；有时；偶然偶尔；有时；偶然on the occasion of 在在的时候的时候take/ seize the occasion 抓住机会抓住机会have(no) occasion to do 有有(没没)理由做理由做occasionally adv. 偶尔偶尔I only went to visit him _ (occasion)答案答案occasionallySam remembered several occasions in the past _ he had experienced a simila
19、r feeling.解析解析考查定语从句。句意：考查定语从句。句意：Sam想起了从前他有过相想起了从前他有过相同感触的几个场合。根据句意可知用同感触的几个场合。根据句意可知用when(on which)引导定引导定语从句，修饰先行词语从句，修饰先行词several occasions。答案答案when(2013北京东城期末北京东城期末)Has your son come back from abroad for the winter vacation?Yes. But he stayed at home for only a week. Now he _back to college.Awen
20、t Bhas gone Cwas going Dwill go解析解析考查动词时态。句意：考查动词时态。句意：你儿子已经从国外回来你儿子已经从国外回来过寒假了吗？过寒假了吗？是的，但是他在家只待了一周，现在又回去上是的，但是他在家只待了一周，现在又回去上学了。根据句意可知应用现在完成时。学了。根据句意可知应用现在完成时。答案答案B必必会会be well off 境况很好；富裕境况很好；富裕be better off (经济经济)境况较好境况较好be worse off (经济经济)境况较差；比境况较差；比更穷更穷go from bad to worse 每况愈下每况愈下I went to he
21、r home and found her living condition was _ _ than mine.我去她家一看，发现她的生活状我去她家一看，发现她的生活状况比我的更差。况比我的更差。答案答案worse offWe used to be _ _，but now we are _ _.我们过去贫困，但现在富裕了。我们过去贫困，但现在富裕了。答案答案badly off；well off必必会会pick up拾起，捡起；收拾；整理；拾起，捡起；收拾；整理；(偶然偶然)学会；用车接学会；用车接(某人某人)；收听到；收听到；(身体身体)好好转转pick oneself up跌倒后站起来跌倒后
22、站起来pick ones pocket 扒窃；掏包扒窃；掏包用用pick up和和pick out的适当形式填空的适当形式填空(2012四川卷改编四川卷改编)Its surprising that your brother_Russian so quicklyhe hasnt lived there very long.解析解析句意：你哥哥学俄语如此之快让人感到惊讶句意：你哥哥学俄语如此之快让人感到惊讶他他住在那儿也没有多长时间。住在那儿也没有多长时间。pick up在此句中意为在此句中意为“无意中获得无意中获得或学到或学到”。答案答案pickd up(2013南昌市高三联考南昌市高三联考)T
23、his picture was taken a long time ago.I wonder if you can_my father.解析解析pick out意为意为“认出认出”。答案答案pick out必必会会cut away 切除；割掉；切除；割掉；砍掉砍掉cut back 减少；缩减减少；缩减cut down 砍倒；削减砍倒；削减cut through 开辟开辟A根据汉语填入适当的介、副词根据汉语填入适当的介、副词He kept cutting _ (抢道抢道) while driving.答案答案inThey cut _ (砍掉砍掉) all the dead branches fr
24、om the tree.答案答案awayWe were cut _ (断线断线) in the middle of our conversation.答案答案offB语法填空语法填空The road to the mountains _ (cut off) by the snow for almost a month before the rescue arrived.解析解析根据从句用的过去时，主句要用过去完成时，同根据从句用的过去时，主句要用过去完成时，同时时cut off和和road是被动关系。是被动关系。答案答案had been cut offHis parents died，_ (l
25、eave) him an orphan.答案答案leavingHer father disappeared，never _ (hear) from again.答案答案to be heard(2012天津卷改编天津卷改编) He got up late and hurried to his office，_ (leave) the breakfast untouched.解析解析考查非谓语动词。句意：他起床晚了，匆忙赶往考查非谓语动词。句意：他起床晚了，匆忙赶往办公室，早餐一动没动。动词的办公室，早餐一动没动。动词的ing形式短语在此处作结果状形式短语在此处作结果状语。语。答案答案leavin
26、gBy now，we _ (learn) 1,500 English words.解析解析句意：到现在为止，我们已经学了句意：到现在为止，我们已经学了1500个英语单个英语单词。词。by now要用现在完成时态。要用现在完成时态。答案答案have learntI _ (wait) for him for two hours by the time he appeared.答案答案had waited(2013江西上学期七校联考江西上学期七校联考)Do you love teaching，Miss He?I fell in love with teaching in 2000. I_ (teac
27、h) for twelve years by this winter.解析解析考查动词时态。结合答语中第一句的内容以及时考查动词时态。结合答语中第一句的内容以及时间状语间状语by this winter可判断出，可判断出，teach这一动作从过去的某一时这一动作从过去的某一时间开始一直持续到将来的某个时间，所以用将来完成进行时。间开始一直持续到将来的某个时间，所以用将来完成进行时。答案答案will have been teaching用所给动词的适当形式填空用所给动词的适当形式填空We stood on the top of the mountain，_(watch) the sun _(ri
28、se) in the east.答案答案watching；risingWith too much work_(fill) my mind，I didnt sleep at all last night.答案答案fillingMy friend was very unhappy for _(not invite) to the concert.答案答案not having been invitedThe news is very _(disappoint)答案答案disappointingThe _(tire) job made me exhausted.答案答案tiring基础知识基础知识.语
29、境填词语境填词1Well，youve acted_(愚蠢地愚蠢地) and you will pay for it.答案答案foolishly2French has many_(多山的多山的) regions for skiing in winter.答案答案mountainous3On their way back to the campsite they were caught in a _(暴风雪暴风雪)答案答案snowstorm4Some kids are very_(挑剔的挑剔的)about food，that is，they dont have a balanced diet.答案
30、答案particular/ picky5Scientists were surprised at the _(发现发现)that bees can communicate with each other.答案答案discovery.选词填空选词填空up to now；cut off；pick up；be content with；be badly off1With the electricity _，all the machines had to stop working.答案答案cut off2He _the salary at present，so hes decided to leave
31、 the company.答案答案isnt content with3Our junior middle school _for teachers.答案答案is badly off4_，the work has been quite smooth.答案答案Up to now5I believe things will _soon.答案答案pick up基本技能基本技能.微语法微语法动词的动词的ing形式作表语、定语、宾语补足语形式作表语、定语、宾语补足语A语法填空语法填空1(2013济南高考模拟济南高考模拟)The quarrel _ (lead) to the fight started f
32、rom their disbelief in each other.解析解析句意：导致这场打斗的争吵开始于他们相互之间句意：导致这场打斗的争吵开始于他们相互之间的怀疑。此处为动词的的怀疑。此处为动词的ing形式作后置定语，修饰形式作后置定语，修饰“The quarrel”。答案答案leading2(2013长春第一次调研长春第一次调研)We are excited that a satellite _ (weigh) 10 tons was successfully placed in orbit yesterday.解解析析“_10 tons”在句中作在句中作a satellite的后置定的
33、后置定语；语；weigh后面接数字，表示后面接数字，表示“重多少重多少”时，通常用其动词的时，通常用其动词的ing形式作后置定语。形式作后置定语。答案答案weighing3Why do you look sad?There are so many problems_ (remain) _ (settle)解析解析考查分词作定语。分析句子结构可知，空格处在考查分词作定语。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中作后置定语，由于句中作后置定语，由于remain是不及物动词，故应用现在分词是不及物动词，故应用现在分词remaining；remain之后接动词不定式表示动作还未完成，又之后接动词不定式表示动作还
34、未完成，又因为动词不定式所表示的动作与其逻辑主语因为动词不定式所表示的动作与其逻辑主语problems之间是动之间是动宾关系，故用动词不定式的被动形式。宾关系，故用动词不定式的被动形式。答案答案remaining；to be settled4The firefighters were searching the burning train for survivors，with masks _ (cover) their mouths.解析解析在在with的复合结构中，的复合结构中，masks和和cover之间存在主之间存在主谓关系，故用现在分词作宾语补足语。谓关系，故用现在分词作宾语补足语。答
35、案答案covering5Mrs. White found her husband surrounded by letters and papers and_ (look) very worried.解析解析句意：怀特夫人发现她的丈夫被信件和文件包围句意：怀特夫人发现她的丈夫被信件和文件包围着，看起来非常焦虑。着，看起来非常焦虑。“surrounded by letters and papers”和和“looking very worried”都是分词短语作宾语补足语，前者表都是分词短语作宾语补足语，前者表示被动，后者表示主动。示被动，后者表示主动。答案答案lookingB完成句子完成句子1Th
36、e boy _ is our monitor.在教室在教室里学习的那个男孩是我们的班长。里学习的那个男孩是我们的班长。答案答案studying in the classroom2The man _ our headmaster.正在正在打电话的那个人是我们的校长。打电话的那个人是我们的校长。答案答案making a call is3The building _ _ now will be a Childrens Palace.正在被建的大楼将会是少年宫。正在被建的大楼将会是少年宫。答案答案being built4The guard caught a stranger _ _ the manag
37、ers office.警卫无意中发现一个陌生人溜进了经理的办公警卫无意中发现一个陌生人溜进了经理的办公室。室。答案答案sliding into5When we returned，we found a stranger _.我们回来的时候，发现一个陌生人站在房子前。我们回来的时候，发现一个陌生人站在房子前。答案答案standing in front of the house.微完形微完形Many people still connect happiness with fun. But the _1_ is that fun and happiness have little or nothing
38、 in _2_. Fun is what we have during an act. Happiness is what we _3_ after an act. It is a deeper，more lasting _4_.1A.thought Bopinion Ctruth Didea 解析解析很多人把幸福和乐趣联在一起，但事实或实际上很多人把幸福和乐趣联在一起，但事实或实际上乐趣与幸福没有相同之处。乐趣与幸福没有相同之处。答案答案C2A.fact Bneed Ccommon Dpractice 解析解析have little or nothing in common. 这是固定短语，
39、这是固定短语，含义为没有共同之处。含义为没有共同之处。have much in common是有很多相同之是有很多相同之处。处。答案答案C3A.touchBexpectCmiss Dexperience 解析解析根据上句，乐趣是在做举动时所有的，而幸福是根据上句，乐趣是在做举动时所有的，而幸福是举动之后的体验。所以举动之后的体验。所以experience此处是动词，经历，体验。此处是动词，经历，体验。答案答案D4A.feeling Bexpression Caction Dattitude 解析解析根据上句表示这种体验是比较深刻，持久的感根据上句表示这种体验是比较深刻，持久的感受，受，feel
40、ing 符合题意。符合题意。答案答案A.微阅读微阅读It can have a longterm negative effect to use the television as a reward or to have it taken away as a punishment，as so many parents do，making it seem much more important than it really is. Reading to your children is the key. Reading can be extremely helpful in many areas
41、in childrens life and encourage them to do better in school as well. Encouraging active recreation can help get them away from the television and develop their social skills，athletic skills，and help prevent obesity.The underlined word“it” probably refers to_.Athe reward Bthe televisionCthe book Dthe
42、 toy解析解析代词指代题。根据选段中的代词指代题。根据选段中的“the television”及及“Encouraging active recreation can help get them away from the television”可以看出，这里的代词可以看出，这里的代词it指的是指的是“电视机电视机”。故。故选选B。答案答案B【连句成篇连句成篇】_答案答案There are many failures in our society who are never content with their lives and never think of overcoming diff
43、iculties. Some of them are depressed. Others are so badly off that they become homeless. I am convinced that successful people are those who are ative，optimistic and hardworking.1如何提炼标题如何提炼标题标题是文章的点睛之笔。标题归纳题在英语阅读理解题中标题是文章的点睛之笔。标题归纳题在英语阅读理解题中属深层理解题，它要求考生在通读全文的基础上，准确把握文属深层理解题，它要求考生在通读全文的基础上，准确把握文章大意及作
44、者的写作意图。一般说来，标题应该具有概括性、章大意及作者的写作意图。一般说来，标题应该具有概括性、针对性、简洁性三个突出特点。其中概括性，是指标题应最大针对性、简洁性三个突出特点。其中概括性，是指标题应最大限度地覆盖全文，囊括文章的主要内容，体现文章的主题；针限度地覆盖全文，囊括文章的主要内容，体现文章的主题；针对性，是指标题的含义要直接指向文章的主要内容；而简洁对性，是指标题的含义要直接指向文章的主要内容；而简洁性，则是指标题应言简意赅，能吸引读者的注意力，并唤起读性，则是指标题应言简意赅，能吸引读者的注意力，并唤起读者对文章的阅读兴趣等。者对文章的阅读兴趣等。解答标题归纳题时通常采用以下方
45、法：解答标题归纳题时通常采用以下方法：(1)阅读文章时，要注意文章中反复出现或强调的信息，寻阅读文章时，要注意文章中反复出现或强调的信息，寻找与文章主题相关的信息，找出概括全文的核心词汇。找与文章主题相关的信息，找出概括全文的核心词汇。(2)确认选项内容是否切中文章的中心论题，也就是要看选确认选项内容是否切中文章的中心论题，也就是要看选项内容与作者的写作目的是否一致。要从整篇文章出发归纳概项内容与作者的写作目的是否一致。要从整篇文章出发归纳概括文章的标题，防止本末倒置、主次不分。括文章的标题，防止本末倒置、主次不分。需要特别提醒的是所选文章题目应能涵盖文章内容，体现需要特别提醒的是所选文章题目
46、应能涵盖文章内容，体现主题，即不能主题，即不能“太大太大”，也不可过于片面，切忌片面地引申或，也不可过于片面，切忌片面地引申或简单重述文中的某些细节内容。简单重述文中的某些细节内容。Im talking about the gift of fitness. Improved fitness is a gift that is invaluable to everyone. When you give a woman the gift of fitness，you are helping her open a door to better health. I cant think of a mo
47、re thoughtful their wellbeing. By giving the gift of fitness you are providing gift that shows the recipient (接受者接受者) how much you care about them with unlimited health benefits. And，its a gift that you can truly feel proud to give.Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?AThi
48、s Mothers Day，Give the Gift of FitnessBBetter Pay Attention to Your Moms HealthCMoms Like to Accept the Gift of FitnessDHelp Your Mom Keep a Good Shape解析解析在母亲节当天，妈妈可能喜欢一束鲜花，也可能在母亲节当天，妈妈可能喜欢一束鲜花，也可能很高兴和你一起出去吃饭。可是在作者看来，妈妈会更喜欢富很高兴和你一起出去吃饭。可是在作者看来，妈妈会更喜欢富有个性化，或者更持久的东西，比如，健康。那么，今年就给有个性化，或者更持久的东西，比如，健康。那么
49、，今年就给妈妈送一件能够使他们健康的礼物吧。本文话题较新，贴近日妈妈送一件能够使他们健康的礼物吧。本文话题较新，贴近日常生活，符合中学生认知水平；在试题的命题方面，也注意到常生活，符合中学生认知水平；在试题的命题方面，也注意到对考生能力的多角度考查，完全符合高考对考生能力的多角度考查，完全符合高考考试大纲考试大纲对阅读对阅读理解的要求。理解的要求。本文建议在母亲节给母亲送健康礼物。本文建议在母亲节给母亲送健康礼物。B项没有把项没有把“母亲母亲节送礼物节送礼物”概括进去。概括进去。C项的意思是项的意思是“母亲喜欢接受健康礼母亲喜欢接受健康礼物物”和和D项项“帮助母亲保持好体型帮助母亲保持好体型”
50、，均与全文主旨不符。，均与全文主旨不符。答案答案A2如何提炼主旨大意如何提炼主旨大意一篇文章总会有一个中心，获取文章中心思想的有效方法一篇文章总会有一个中心，获取文章中心思想的有效方法就是辨认主题句。主题句具有简洁性、概括性的特点，起统领就是辨认主题句。主题句具有简洁性、概括性的特点，起统领全文的作用，文中的所有事实、细节都是为此中心服务的。主全文的作用，文中的所有事实、细节都是为此中心服务的。主题句的位置常在首段或结尾段。因此，在阅读中，我们要对文题句的位置常在首段或结尾段。因此，在阅读中，我们要对文章的首段和结尾段及段落的主题句给予特别的关注。有的中心章的首段和结尾段及段落的主题句给予特别