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1、.高频单词思忆高频单词思忆1.The Chinese government did well in 1.The Chinese government did well in p SARS from spreading. p SARS from spreading.2.He c up at the good news.2.He c up at the good news.3.There is a friendly a of helping 3.There is a friendly a of helping each other with difficulties in study in eac
2、h other with difficulties in study in our class. our class.4.Do you believe God e ? 4.Do you believe God e ? 基础落实基础落实Unit 4 Astronomy:the scienceUnit 4 Astronomy:the scienceof the starsof the starsreventingreventingheeredheeredtmospheretmospherexistsxists5.There is a v wind outside and the 5.There i
3、s a v wind outside and the snow is so heavy. snow is so heavy.6.The fans cheered up at the _ (6.The fans cheered up at the _ (到场到场) ) of Jay Chou. of Jay Chou.7.As a student,I should learn the _7.As a student,I should learn the _ ( (基本的基本的) rules of mathematics.) rules of mathematics.8.A balloon _(8
4、.A balloon _(飘过飘过) across the sky.) across the sky.9.There is a shortage of _(9.There is a shortage of _(氧气氧气) at the) at the top of the mountain. top of the mountain.10.I dream of flying to the moon by _ 10.I dream of flying to the moon by _ ( (宇宙飞船宇宙飞船). ). iolentiolentpresencepresencefundamentalf
5、undamentalfloatedfloatedoxygenoxygenspaceshipspaceship.重点短语再现重点短语再现1._ 1._ 感到高兴感到高兴2._ 2._ 既然既然3._ 3._ 突发；爆发突发；爆发4._ 4._ 产生；分娩产生；分娩5._ 5._ 下蛋下蛋6._ 6._ 阻止；制止阻止；制止7._ 7._ 当心；密切注视当心；密切注视8._ 8._ 熟悉；掌握熟悉；掌握9._ 9._ 挡住挡住( (光线光线) )10._10._轮到某人；接着轮到某人；接着 cheer upcheer upnow thatnow thatbreak outbreak outgive
6、 birth togive birth tolay eggslay eggsprevent.fromprevent.fromwatch outwatch outget the hang ofget the hang ofblock outblock outin ones turnin ones turn.典型句式运用典型句式运用1.Each religion and culture has i1.Each religion and culture has its own ideas ts own ideas about how life began on earth.What do you a
7、bout how life began on earth.What do you know? know?每种宗教和文化都有它自己关于地球上生命每种宗教和文化都有它自己关于地球上生命 起源的看法。你了解些什么呢？起源的看法。你了解些什么呢？ how life began on earth how life began on earth 作介词作介词 _的的_语，宾语从句可作介词的宾语。语，宾语从句可作介词的宾语。 考点提炼考点提炼aboutabout宾宾2.No one knows exactly how the earth began,as 2.No one knows exactly how
8、 the earth began,as it happened so long ago. it happened so long ago. 没有人准确地知道地没有人准确地知道地 球的起源，因为那发生在很久以前。球的起源，因为那发生在很久以前。 本句为复合句本句为复合句,as,as引导的从句表示引导的从句表示_。 (1)since(1)since表示听者或读者已知的原因表示听者或读者已知的原因, ,即表达已知即表达已知 信息。信息。 (2)because(2)because表示听者未知的原因，可回答表示听者未知的原因，可回答whywhy的提的提 问，也可用在强调句型中成为被强调成分，而其问，也可
9、用在强调句型中成为被强调成分，而其 他几个词则无此用法。他几个词则无此用法。 (3)as(3)as与与sincesince接近，但原因程度比接近，但原因程度比sincesince更强烈。更强烈。 (4)for(4)for并不表示直接原因并不表示直接原因, ,只是为主句所说的话提只是为主句所说的话提 供推断的理由，引导的分句不能放在句首。供推断的理由，引导的分句不能放在句首。 考点提炼考点提炼原因原因3.What it was to become was uncertain until 3.What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5
10、 and 3.8 billion years ago when between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into the dust settled into a solid globe.a solid globe.它它( (地球地球) ) 将成为什么样子一直是个谜，直到将成为什么样子一直是个谜，直到4545 3838亿年以前亿年以前 这些尘埃凝聚成一个固体球体。这些尘埃凝聚成一个固体球体。 be to do sth.be to do sth. (1) (1)表示表示“应当应当/ /必须做某事必须做某事”，通常用于通
11、知和，通常用于通知和 说明书里。说明书里。 (2)(2)表示表示“_”_”，其完成式，其完成式 则表示则表示“本来打算做某事本来打算做某事”。 (3)(3)表示表示“将来不可避免要发生的事将来不可避免要发生的事”。 考点提炼考点提炼按计划或安排将要做某事按计划或安排将要做某事4.This produced a chain reaction,which made 4.This produced a chain reaction,which made it possible for life to develop. it possible for life to develop.这就产生了这就产生
12、了 连锁反应，使生命发展成为可能。连锁反应，使生命发展成为可能。 make it+make it+adj./n.adj./n. for sb./sth.to do for sb./sth.to do sth. sth.在此结构中在此结构中,it,it是是_,_,真正的宾语是后真正的宾语是后 面的面的_,_,而形容词而形容词( (或名词或名词) )充当了充当了_ 成分，尤其是当宾语太长时，常采用成分，尤其是当宾语太长时，常采用itit作形式作形式 宾语。宾语。 考点提炼考点提炼形式宾语形式宾语不定式不定式宾语补足语宾语补足语5.Last month I was lucky enough to h
13、ave a 5.Last month I was lucky enough to have a chance to make a trip into space with my chance to make a trip into space with my friend Li Yanping,an astronomer. friend Li Yanping,an astronomer.上个月我有上个月我有 幸得到了同我的天文学家朋友李彦平去太空旅行幸得到了同我的天文学家朋友李彦平去太空旅行 的机会。的机会。 to make a trip.to make a trip.为不定式作为不定式作_,
14、 _, 修饰修饰chancechance。不定式可用在名词、代词、。不定式可用在名词、代词、the the first,the second first,the second以及以及the last,the onlythe last,the only和最高和最高 级等后面作定语。不定式作定语级等后面作定语。不定式作定语, ,常常表示常常表示_的的 动作。动作。 考点提炼考点提炼定语定语将来将来重点单词重点单词 1.exist 1.exist They laid eggs too and _ on the earth They laid eggs too and _ on the earth f
15、or more than 140 million years.( for more than 140 million years.(回归课本回归课本P P2626) ) 观察思考观察思考 The idea exists only in the minds of poets. The idea exists only in the minds of poets. 这种想法是诗人才有的。这种想法是诗人才有的。 We cant exist without food or water.We cant exist without food or water. 没有食物和水我们就不能生存。没有食物和水我们
16、就不能生存。导练互动导练互动existedexistedI can hardly exist on the wage that Im I can hardly exist on the wage that Im getting;there is no money for luxuries.getting;there is no money for luxuries.我靠我挣的工资简直难以糊口，根本没钱享受。我靠我挣的工资简直难以糊口，根本没钱享受。归纳总结归纳总结exist _exist _。exist inexist in存在于存在于之中之中exist onexist on靠靠为生为生exi
17、st byexist by靠靠生存生存existing existing adj.adj.目前的；现存的目前的；现存的existence existence n.n.存在；生存存在；生存be in existencebe in existence存在存在come into existencecome into existence开始存在；成立开始存在；成立bring into existencebring into existence使发生，产生使发生，产生 vi.vi.有，存在；生存有，存在；生存即学即用即学即用(1)(1)下岗工人主要靠面包和茶生存。下岗工人主要靠面包和茶生存。 The l
18、aid-off workers mainly _ The laid-off workers mainly _ bread bread and tea. and tea.(2)(2)有一个解决目前地理问题的好办法。有一个解决目前地理问题的好办法。 There _ a good way to solve the There _ a good way to solve the _ problem in geography. _ problem in geography. exist onexist onexistsexistsexistingexisting2.escape2.escape .whi
19、ch prevents heat from _ from .which prevents heat from _ from the earth into space.( the earth into space.(回归课本回归课本P P2626) )观察思考观察思考 He escaped from the enemys prison.He escaped from the enemys prison. 他从敌人的监狱逃了出来。他从敌人的监狱逃了出来。 He made his escape on a rainy night.He made his escape on a rainy night.
20、 他在一个雨夜逃走了。他在一个雨夜逃走了。 That is really a narrow/near escape.That is really a narrow/near escape. 那可真是九死一生。那可真是九死一生。 escapingescaping归纳总结归纳总结escape _escape _。escape+ escape+ n.n./doing sth./doing sth.逃脱了逃脱了/ /避免了避免了 escape from/out of.escape from/out of.从从逃跑逃跑sth.escape sb.sth.escape sb.被某人遗忘；未被注意被某人遗忘
21、；未被注意 a narrow escapea narrow escape九死一生九死一生make ones escapemake ones escape逃跑逃跑 易混辨异易混辨异escape,flee,run awayescape,flee,run away(1)escape(1)escape着重强调逃跑后的结果，而不是逃跑的动着重强调逃跑后的结果，而不是逃跑的动作本身。作本身。v. & n.v. & n.逃跑，逃离逃跑，逃离(2)flee(2)flee着重强调逃跑的行为，常含有因着重强调逃跑的行为，常含有因“惧怕惧怕”而而 逃跑的意味。逃跑的意味。(3)run away(3)run away
22、强调动作性，有时含有强调动作性，有时含有“不辞而别不辞而别”之之 意，是口头用语。意，是口头用语。 即学即用即学即用(1)(1)有什么办法可以避免和他见面吗？有什么办法可以避免和他见面吗？ Is there any way to _ him?Is there any way to _ him?(2)(2)我一时忘了他的名字。我一时忘了他的名字。 His name _ for the moment. His name _ for the moment. escape meetingescape meetingescaped meescaped me3.mass3.mass “If you are
23、 right,my _ will be less “If you are right,my _ will be less than on the earth.”( than on the earth.”(回归课本回归课本P P3131) )观察思考观察思考 The sky was full of dark masses of clouds.The sky was full of dark masses of clouds. 天空中乌云密布。天空中乌云密布。 Our cause needs the support of the masses.Our cause needs the support
24、 of the masses. 我们的事业需要人民群众的支持。我们的事业需要人民群众的支持。 There is/are a mass of children playing in There is/are a mass of children playing in the park. the park. 公园里有许多孩子在玩耍。公园里有许多孩子在玩耍。 The great mass of men consider themselves The great mass of men consider themselves healthy. healthy. 大多数人都认为自己是健康的。大多数人都认
25、为自己是健康的。 massmass归纳总结归纳总结mass _mass _。a mass of/masses ofa mass of/masses of大量的大量的the mass mediathe mass media大众传媒大众传媒mass productionmass production批量生产批量生产in the massin the mass总体上，总的来说总体上，总的来说the (great) mass ofthe (great) mass of大多数，大部分大多数，大部分注意注意 在表示在表示“大量的，许多的大量的，许多的”含义时，含义时，a mass a mass of/ma
26、sses ofof/masses of既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数 名词。在英语中类似的短语还包括：名词。在英语中类似的短语还包括：plenty of,a plenty of,a lot of,lots of,a quantity of,quantities oflot of,lots of,a quantity of,quantities of等。等。n.n.( (聚成一体的聚成一体的) )团团; ;块块; ;大多数大多数; ;质量质量; ;群众群众; ;大量大量即学即用即学即用(1)(1)下雨前，天上有一团团的乌云。下雨前，天上有一团团的乌云。 Befo
27、re the rain,there were _ Before the rain,there were _ _ in the sky. _ in the sky.(2)(2)我挤过人群到了出口。我挤过人群到了出口。 I struggled through _ to I struggled through _ to the exit. the exit. masses of darkmasses of darkcloudscloudsthe masses of peoplethe masses of people重点短语与句型重点短语与句型4.break out4.break out We wa
28、tched,amazed as fire _ We watched,amazed as fire _ on the on the outside of the spaceship as the earths outside of the spaceship as the earths gravity increased.( gravity increased.(回归课本回归课本P P3131) ) 观察思考观察思考 If another world war should break out,what If another world war should break out,what woul
29、d become of human beings? would become of human beings? 如果再一次爆发世界大战如果再一次爆发世界大战, ,人类将会变成什么样子？人类将会变成什么样子？ Fire broke out during the night.Fire broke out during the night. 夜间突然发生了火灾。夜间突然发生了火灾。 broke outbroke out归纳总结归纳总结break outbreak out意为：意为：_。break upbreak up解散；打碎解散；打碎break throughbreak through突破；强行穿
30、过突破；强行穿过break away from.break away from.脱离脱离break offbreak off停止讲话停止讲话break intobreak into强行进入某处；突然开始强行进入某处；突然开始( (大笑、欢呼等大笑、欢呼等) )break down(break down(谈判谈判) )失败；失败；( (精神、身体精神、身体) )崩溃崩溃break inbreak in进入；插话进入；插话 突发；爆发突发；爆发易混辨异易混辨异break out,happen,occur,take placebreak out,happen,occur,take place(1)b
31、reak out(1)break out通常指战争、疾病、灾害等突然爆发。通常指战争、疾病、灾害等突然爆发。(2)happen(2)happen强调偶然发生某事。强调偶然发生某事。(3)occur(3)occur指意想不到的事情发生。指意想不到的事情发生。(4)take place(4)take place强调按事先的安排或计划发生。强调按事先的安排或计划发生。 即学即用即学即用(1)I was still sleeping when the fire _,and (1)I was still sleeping when the fire _,and then it spread quickl
32、y. then it spread quickly. A.broke out B.put out A.broke out B.put out C.came out D.got out C.came out D.got out 解析解析 break outbreak out发生，符合题意；发生，符合题意；put output out扑灭；扑灭； C C、D D表示表示“出来出来”。本题意为。本题意为“火灾发生时火灾发生时, ,我在我在 睡觉睡觉”。 (2)As the presidents car appeared,the (2)As the presidents car appeared,th
33、e waiting crowds _ loud cheers. waiting crowds _ loud cheers. A.broke away B.broke into A.broke away B.broke into C.broke out D.broke down C.broke out D.broke downAB5.in time5.in time They were _ to produce carbon They were _ to produce carbon， nitrogennitrogen，water vapour and other gases,. water v
34、apour and other gases,. ( (回归课本回归课本P P2525) ) 观察思考观察思考 The car came to a halt just in time to The car came to a halt just in time to prevent an accident. prevent an accident. 那辆汽车及时停下，避免了一场事故。那辆汽车及时停下，避免了一场事故。 Youll learn how to do it in time.Youll learn how to do it in time. 你早晚能学会做这件事。你早晚能学会做这件事。
35、Dont worryIm sure things will get Dont worryIm sure things will get better in time. better in time. 不要担心不要担心我相信事情迟早会有所好转的。我相信事情迟早会有所好转的。 in timein time归纳总结归纳总结in timein time意为意为_。(1)on time(1)on time准时；按时准时；按时in no timein no time立即；马上立即；马上at a timeat a time一次；每次一次；每次at one timeat one time曾经；一度曾经；一度a
36、t timesat times有时有时ahead of timeahead of time提前提前for the time beingfor the time being暂时暂时take ones timetake ones time别着急；慢慢来别着急；慢慢来 及时；最终及时；最终(2)Its time to do sth./Its time that sb. (2)Its time to do sth./Its time that sb. did/should do sth.did/should do sth.到了某人做某事的时间到了某人做某事的时间It/This is the first
37、/second.time sb.have/hasIt/This is the first/second.time sb.have/has done.done.是某人第是某人第次次(完成时完成时) )each/every time+each/every time+从句每次从句每次时时 即学即用即学即用(1)(1)医生及时赶到救了她的命。医生及时赶到救了她的命。 The doctor came _ to save her life.The doctor came _ to save her life.(2)(2)不要一起背诵，一次一个。不要一起背诵，一次一个。 Dont recite all to
38、gether;one _. Dont recite all together;one _. in timein timeat a timeat a time6.now that6.now that “Oh,dear,” I cried,“walking does need a “Oh,dear,” I cried,“walking does need a bit of practice _ gravity has bit of practice _ gravity has changed.”( changed.”(回归课本回归课本P P3131) )观察思考观察思考 Now (that) yo
39、u are grownNow (that) you are grownup,you must stop up,you must stop this childish behaviour. this childish behaviour. 既然已经长大，你必须停止这种幼稚的行为。既然已经长大，你必须停止这种幼稚的行为。 Now that dinner is ready,wash your hands.Now that dinner is ready,wash your hands. 晚饭准备好了，洗手去吧。晚饭准备好了，洗手去吧。 Now that you have finished your
40、work,youd Now that you have finished your work,youd better have a rest. better have a rest. 既然你的工作已经做完了，最好休息一下吧。既然你的工作已经做完了，最好休息一下吧。 now thatnow that归纳总结归纳总结now thatnow that意为：意为：_。易混辨异易混辨异now that,because,since,as,fornow that,because,since,as,for(1)now that(1)now that是固定短语，意为是固定短语，意为“既然；由于既然；由于”， 引
41、出原因状语从句，引出原因状语从句，thatthat可省略。可省略。 (2)because(2)because因为因为, ,表示直接的或为人所不知的原因。表示直接的或为人所不知的原因。 (3)since(3)since既然既然( (可与可与now thatnow that互换互换) )，侧重主句。，侧重主句。 (4)as(4)as由于，表示显而易见或已为人所知的原因。由于，表示显而易见或已为人所知的原因。 (5)for(5)for因为因为, ,并列连词并列连词, ,引导一个分句引导一个分句, ,不能置于句首。不能置于句首。 既然；由于既然；由于即学即用即学即用(1)(1)既然恢复了健康，他就可以
42、继续学习英语。既然恢复了健康，他就可以继续学习英语。 _,he can go on _,he can go on with his English study. with his English study.(2)(2)既然我们正高速地发展新技术既然我们正高速地发展新技术, ,真正的挑战在于真正的挑战在于 寻找新的使用途径。寻找新的使用途径。 _ new technology _ new technology at such a high pace at such a high pace，the true challenge is the true challenge is to find n
43、ew ways of using it. to find new ways of using it. Now (that) he is well againNow (that) he is well againNow that we are developingNow that we are developing7.,but it will not be as strong a pull 7.,but it will not be as strong a pull as the earths. as the earths., ,但它不如地球的引力但它不如地球的引力 那么强。那么强。典例体验典例
44、体验 John is _ Bob.John is _ Bob. 约翰与鲍勃一样聪明。约翰与鲍勃一样聪明。 The girl was _ she was The girl was _ she was beautiful. beautiful. 这姑娘既漂亮又聪明。这姑娘既漂亮又聪明。 归纳总结归纳总结 as.as.as.as.比较结构：比较结构： (1)(1)基本用法：基本用法：as+as+形容词或副词原级形容词或副词原级+as+as分句。否分句。否 定形式为定形式为not as/so.asnot as/so.as。主句主语与。主句主语与asas分句主语分句主语as bright asas br
45、ight asas intelligent asas intelligent as不同但比较的项目相同。不同但比较的项目相同。 (2)(2)主语相同，但比较的项目不同。主语相同，但比较的项目不同。 (3)as much/many+(3)as much/many+名词名词+as+as分句分句 He took as much butter as he needed. He took as much butter as he needed. 他带的这些黄油够需要的。他带的这些黄油够需要的。 (4)as+(4)as+形容词原级形容词原级+ +名词词组名词词组+as+as分句分句 as+as+adj.a
46、dj.+a(n)+a(n)+n.n.+as+as句型是句型是“as.as”as.as”结构的一结构的一 种变化形式。与种变化形式。与asas的这种用法类似的词还有的这种用法类似的词还有too. too. to.to.句型中的句型中的too,too,感叹句中的感叹句中的howhow，so.that. so.that. 句型中的句型中的soso等。等。 Jack is as efficient a worker as Bill. Jack is as efficient a worker as Bill. 杰克和比尔都是工作效率很高的工人。杰克和比尔都是工作效率很高的工人。 即学即用即学即用 (1
47、)(1)我想用一种尽可能大众化的方式把我的个人经历我想用一种尽可能大众化的方式把我的个人经历 表达出来。表达出来。 I want to express my personal experience in I want to express my personal experience in _. _.(2)(2)这位歌手希望利用尽可能流行的歌曲来表达个人这位歌手希望利用尽可能流行的歌曲来表达个人 的思想情感。的思想情感。 The singer tends to express his feelings andThe singer tends to express his feelings an
48、d thoughts in _. thoughts in _. as universal a way as possibleas universal a way as possibleas popular a song as possibleas popular a song as possible8.,I found I was carried twice as far 8.,I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over. as on the earth and fell over.( (当我当我 向前迈步的
49、时候）我发现我所走的距离是在地向前迈步的时候）我发现我所走的距离是在地 球上的两倍，我跌倒了。球上的两倍，我跌倒了。典例体验典例体验 Asia is _ Europe.Asia is _ Europe. 亚洲的大小是欧洲的亚洲的大小是欧洲的4 4倍。倍。 The new building is _The new building is _ the old one. the old one.新楼比旧楼高新楼比旧楼高4 4倍。倍。 This ball is _ that one.This ball is _ that one. 这个球的大小是那个球的两倍。这个球的大小是那个球的两倍。 The pr
50、oduction now is _ The production now is _ _ ten years ago. _ ten years ago.现在的产量是十年前的现在的产量是十年前的3 3倍。倍。four times as large asfour times as large asfour times higher thanfour times higher thantwice the size oftwice the size ofthree times what itthree times what itwaswas归纳总结归纳总结倍数表达法：倍数表达法：(1).times _