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1、中考完形填空解题技巧,1,【考情概览】完形填空多以记叙文的考查为主，多为日常生活类，比较贴近学生生活,主要为学校生活、发表观点和故事类。词数在220-290词之间，生词0-1个。试题为10空4选1，主要涉及6-8个考点。必考点：a.名词（1-2个）b.动词（2-4个）c.形容词（1-2个）d.代词（1个）及介词（1个），e.此外动词短语、副词、连词、疑问词、时态、语态穿插设置。,一、完形填空题型分析解读,二、三个注重1.重语境完形填空着眼于整体理解，必须在对短文大意进行了解的基础上才能较准确地推知答案。因此，需要注意上下句的逻辑关系以及整篇文章的情节，尤其是在需要填连接性词语时更需要上下文提供
2、的线索，把自己置身于情景当中进行填空，这样才能比较顺利且有把握地捕捉到正确信息。2.重实词完形填空的命题是在一句话中的关键词语上做文章。这种词语大多是名词、动词、形容词、副词等实词，当然也不排除能左右文章内容的一些虚词，如介词、连词等。3.重首句首句通常不设选项。这是因为第一句是核心句，是观察全文的窗口，对熟悉语境、确定时态、推测文章大意等起着关键性的作用。如果设选项，就会加大难度，影响对文章信息的捕捉，使做题者陷入茫然。,三、完形填空题设空规律,1.句子层次的设空,指那些只需读懂设空所在句便可选出答案的题目。,2.句群层次的设空,指根据上下文的内容，经过推理判断可以得到答案的题目。,前制性设
3、空ItwasanEnglishspeechcontest.Mymotheraskedmetotakepartinit.Whataterribleidea!ItmeantIhadto_infrontofalltheteachersandstudentsofmyschool!A.writeB.speakC.singD.dance,后制性设空Nobody_himinthevillage.Onedayhesaidtothem,“Iknowyoudontlikeme”A.believedB.likedC.hatedD.knew,5,3.语篇性设空,指那些需要联系全文的情境、内容才能确定正确答案的设空。,
4、InNewYork,onaFridaynight,ayoungartiststoodatthegateofatrainstation.Hewasplayinghis.Hismusicwassogreatthatmanypeopleputmoneyintohishat.Thenextday,theyoungartistcametothesameplace,andplayedtheviolinasusual.,16.A.pianoB.guitarC.violinD.sax,Whenwetalked,Idiscovered（发现）somedifferencesinschoollifebetweent
5、heUSandChina.Forexample,eachclasslastsfiftyminutesintheUS.ItisalittlethanthatinChina.Weusuallyhaveforty-fiveminutesineachclass.,44.A.shorterB.longerC.earlierD.later,2)逻辑推理,1)根据上下文及语境推断,C,B,6,Whentwopeopleareinaconversation,thespeakerwillonlylookatthelistenerfromtimetotime,inordertomakesurethatthelis
6、tenerdoespayattention_whatheorsheisspeaking,48.A.forB.ofC.withD.to,Inthemorning,thekingwenttovisitthepond.Tohissurprise,thepondwasonlyfilledwithwater!Whathappened?Yes!Everyonehadthesameidea_thatman.,48.A.withB.toC.asD.of,3).固定搭配,D,C,7,Asareporter,IthinkIwillmeetlotsofpeopleandIshouldbefriendlytothem
7、.IthinkIllalsomakemanygood_andlivewiththem,becauseIdontlikelivingalone.,25.A.friendB.friendsC.friendsD.friends,4).语法分析,Allovertheworldpeopleswimforfun.Swimmingisenjoyedbypeopleof_ages,fromtheveryyoungtotheveryold.Therearemanyplacesforpeopletoswiminswimmingpools.,32.A.allB.noneC.someD.both,5).背景知识,B,
8、A,1.context（上下文、语境）,3.regularcollocation（固定搭配）,2.logic（逻辑）,总结:完形填空的解题技巧,4.grammaranalysis（语法分析）,5.backgroundknowledge（背景知识）,要充分利用首句的标示作用第一句往往是全篇的关键句，首句一般不设空，它有概括和预示全文大意的作用，是判断文章体裁并预测全文主旨、大意的突破口，常含有解题和理解文章的有用信息。（when,where,who,what,how),要注意尾句的提示和总结作用,1.故事的结局2.问题的结论3.幽默或富有哲理的结尾,留意文章中有中文注释的词有注释的词往往对理解短
9、文和解题有帮助。,Step1抓住首尾，了解短文,三、完形填空解题方法和步骤,完形填空。共205词推荐做题时间10分钟,XiaoQiang，al2-year-oldChineseboy，hastoomanyactivitiesHisfather1himawayfromschoolfourafternoonsaweekanddriveshimacrosstowntopractice“Idomostofmy2inthecarwhenweare3topractice，andIhavetodotherestwhenIgethomeIamtootried,Ijustwanttosleep.”Hesaid.
10、“Moreandmorekidsbecomeunhappy4theyhavetoomanyactivitiestodo.”saidMr.Wang，anexpert(专家)ofchilddevelopment“4lofthechildrenaged9-13saidtheyfelt5mostofthetime，andmorethan750fthemsaidthattheywishedtheyhadmore6toplay.”“Over-scheduling(过量的课程安排)isagrowingproblemforChinesefamilies.”saidMr.WangItisnotgoodforbo
11、thkidsandtheirparents.Morefamilieseatdinner7orofteneatfastfood8theirwaytofootballpracticeormusiclessons.Weallknowitisimportantforkidstolearnhowtorelax.Iftheydontlearnthatnow,itwillbemoredifficulttolearnwhentheyget9.Kidsneedtimetorelax.Parentsshould10aboutwhatisrightforkids.,Practice,可以推测：这篇文章是介绍青少年日
12、常生活中过重课程安排，占用了孩子们大量的课余时间，成了影响他们健康成长的社会问题。,首句:XiaoQiang,al2-year-oldChineseboy，hastoomanyactivities第三段首句:“Over-scheduling(过量的课程安排)isagrowingproblemforChinesefamilies.”中文注释:anexpert(专家)尾句:Kidsneedtimetorelax.Parentsshould10aboutwhatisrightforkids.,撇开选项不谈，单从这些句子中，我们可以捕捉到如下信息：（1）XiaoQiang是个12岁中国男孩。（2）他有
13、许多活动。（3）专家认为过量的课程安排是个问题。（4）孩子们需要时间休息。,Step2通读全文,把握脉络,通过跳过空格，通览全文，我们明白了大意、理清了观点、分清了层次。,Step3瞻前顾后，上下求索,本着先易后难的原则，先根据上下文和自己的语感，推测部分空格的可能答案，并划出语篇标志和答题暗示。然后，再结合选项逐一敲定。,Step4再读文章，核查答案,将所有答案代入空格后，重新将短文复读一遍，争取做到：结构正确+语义通顺+逻辑合理。,本文讲述了许多青少年学生在课余时间奔走于各种各样的afterschoolactivities的问题，专家呼吁Kidsneedtimetorelax.,XiaoQ
14、iang，al2-year-oldChineseboy，hastoomanyactivitiesHisfather1himawayfromschoolfourafternoonsaweekanddriveshimacrosstowntopractice“Idomostofmy2inthecarwhenweare3topractice，andIhavetodotherestwhenIgethomeIamtootried,Ijustwanttosleep.”Hesaid.“Moreandmorekidsbecomeunhappy4theyhavetoomanyactivitiestodo.”sai
15、dMr.Wang，anexpert(专家)ofchilddevelopment.“4lofthechildrenaged9-13saidtheyfelt5mostofthetime，andmorethan750fthemsaidthattheywishedtheyhadmore6toplay.”“Over-scheduling(过量的课程安排)isagrowingproblemforChinesefamilies.”saidMr.WangItisnotgoodforbothkidsandtheirparents.Morefamilieseatdinner7orofteneatfastfood8
16、theirwaytofootballpracticeormusiclessons.Weallknowitisimportantforkidstolearnhowtorelax.Iftheydontlearnthatnow,itwillbemoredifficulttolearnwhentheyget9.Kidsneedtimetorelax.Parentsshould10aboutwhatisrightforkids.,跳过空格通读短文：,XiaoQiang，al2-year-oldChineseboy，hastoomanyactivitiesHisfather1himawayfromscho
17、olfourafternoonsaweekanddriveshimacrosstowntopractice“Idomostofmy2inthecarwhenweare3topractice，andIhavetodotherestwhenIgethomeIamtootried,Ijustwanttosleep.”Hesaid.“Moreandmorekidsbecomeunhappy4theyhavetoomanyactivitiestodo.”saidMr.Wang，anexpert(专家)ofchilddevelopment“4lofthechildrenaged9-13saidtheyfe
18、lt46mostofthetime，andmorethan750fthemsaidthattheywishedtheyhadmore6toplay.”“Over-scheduling(过量的课程安排)isagrowingproblemforChinesefamilies.”saidMr.WangItisnotgoodforbothkidsandtheirparents.Morefamilieseatdinner7orofteneatfastfood8theirwaytofootballpracticeormusiclessons.Weallknowitisimportantforkidstol
19、earnhowtorelax.Iftheydontlearnthatnow,itwillbemoredifficulttolearnwhentheyget9.Kidsneedtimetorelax.Parentsshould10aboutwhatisrightforkids.,1.A.takeB.takesC.tookD.hastaken2.A.sportsB.businessC.homeworkD.housework3.A.ridingB.flyingC.walkingD.driving,Step3瞻前顾后，上下求索,“Moreandmorekidsbecomeunhappy4theyhav
20、etoomanyactivitiestodo.”saidMr.Wang，anexpert(专家)ofchilddevelopment“41ofthechildrenaged9-13saidtheyfelt5mostofthetime，andmorethan750fthemsaidthattheywishedtheyhadmore6toplay.”,4.A.butB.orC.becauseD.so5.A.excitedB.interestedC.worriedD.dangerous6.A.greattimeB.fulltimeC.righttimeD.freetime,“Over-schedul
21、ing(过量的课程安排)isagrowingproblemforChinesefamilies.”saidMr.WangItisnotgoodforbothkidsandtheirparents.Morefamilieseatdinner7orofteneatfastfood8theirwaytofootballpracticeormusiclessons.Weallknowitisimportantforkidstolearnhowtorelax.Iftheydontlearnthatnow,itwillbemoredifficulttolearnwhentheyget9.Kidsneedt
22、imetorelax.Parentsshould10aboutwhatisrightforkids.,7.A.slowlyB.quicklyC.quietlyD.happily8.A.onB.byC.inD.across9.A.tallerB.strongerC.olderD.better10.A.hearB.thinkC.lookD.tell,17,答案：BCDCCDBACB,1、抓住首尾，了解短文,2、通读全文，把握脉络,3、瞻前顾后，上下求索,4、再读文章，核查答案,勾划、研读首句尾句以及有中文注释的单词,打开答题窗口,了解全文。,跳过空格，速读全文，把握大意。注意文中的语篇标志，和句中
23、的连词,捕捉关键词汇。,前后联系，先易后难。运用解题策略从句子、段落、语篇层面解题，划出语篇标志，找准关键词、定位词。,代入答案，再读全文，反复检查争取做到：结构正确+语义通顺+逻辑合理。,少于1分钟,约5分钟,约2分钟,约2分钟,Summary,完形填空解题技巧口诀,要想完形做得好，语篇理解最重要。语义语用是考点，逻辑关系要判断。重首尾，看提示，平行结构要注意。依语法，找搭配，根据常识来选择。做标志，找关键，先易后难看时间。按照步骤来做题，利用技巧闯难关。,四、解题误区,1.单纯求快忽略语篇理解，只看局部的词义辨析、搭配和语法结构，试图用语言知识解决所有问题。正确的做法是在整体理解语篇的基础
24、上结合语境选择。2.时间安排不当，在几个选项上过分纠缠，追求完美，导致许多本可以做出的题来不及做。正确的做法是由易到难，合理分配时间。,Haveatry!,22,TheSweetestSightIwasinthemostbeautifulcityintheworld,yetIonlywantedhome.Itwasanamazingweekformyhusbandandmethetripofalifetime.Monthsago,whenmyhusbandtoldmethathewouldhaveameetinginLondon,Iexpressedmy1togotoEuropetogethe
25、rwithhim.Thenweaskedhismotherto2ourtwochildrenandstartedoff.Duringtheweekstime,3visitedLondonandParisasmuchaswecould,BigBen,theLouvreandsoon.Allthesewerebeautifulplacesweexpectedtoseebefore.Wereallyenjoyedourselves.OnourlastnightinParis,4weenjoyedthenightview(夜景)oftheEiffelTower,myhusbandcalledhome.
26、Hismother5thephone.Inasecond,myhusbandsfacefellandhelookedsoworried.Icouldfeelsomething6happened.“Whatswrong?”Iasked.Hedidntanswerandcontinuedtolisten.Afewminuteslater,hesaid7tomethatTony,ourseven-year-oldson,hadfallenoffhisbikeand8hisleg.Hemustbesenttohospitalatonce.Atthatmoment,Parissuddenlylostit
27、scharm(魅力).“Idontwanttobehere!Ishouldntbehere!Ishouldbehome9mykids!WehurriedbacktoourhotelandthentotheairportFinally,wegothome.Werushedintoourchildrensbedroom.Seeingourtwochildren,Isuddenlyrealizedthetruth:thereisno10sight(风景)intheworldthanyour11facesthatgreetyouathome.,23,TheSweetestSightIwasinthem
28、ostbeautifulcityintheworld,yetIonlywantedhome.Itwasanamazingweekformyhusbandandmethetripofalifetime.Monthsago,whenmyhusbandtoldmethathewouldhaveameetinginLondon,Iexpressedmy1togotoEuropetogetherwithhim.Thenweaskedhismotherto2ourtwochildrenandstartedoff.Duringtheweekstime,3visitedLondonandParisasmuch
29、aswecould,BigBen,theLouvreandsoon.Allthesewerebeautifulplacesweexpectedtoseebefore.Wereallyenjoyedourselves.,1.A.questionB.wishC.stepD.place2.A.lookafterB.talkwithC.findoutD.wakeup3.A.heB.sheC.weD.they,BAC,24,OnourlastnightinParis,4weenjoyedthenightview(夜景)oftheEiffelTower,myhusbandcalledhome.Hismot
30、her5thephone.Inasecond,myhusbandsfacefellandhelookedsoworried.Icouldfeelsomething6happened.“Whatswrong?”Iasked.Hedidntanswerandcontinuedtolisten.Afewminuteslater,hesaid7tomethatTony,ourseven-year-oldson,hadfallenoffhisbikeand8hisleg.Hemustbesenttohospitalatonce.Atthatmoment,Parissuddenlylostitscharm
31、(魅力).“Idontwanttobehere!Ishouldntbehere!Ishouldbehome9mykids!”,4.A.afterB.sinceC.thoughD.because5.A.shoutedB.finishedC.wroteD.answered6.A.uglyB.usefulC.rightD.bad7.A.hardlyB.clearlyC.sadlyD.truly8.A.dancedB.brokenC.thrownD.opened9.A.towardB.withC.underD.from,4.A5.D6.D7.C8.B9.B,25,Wehurriedbacktoourhotelandthentotheairport.Finally,wegothome.Werushedintoourchildrensbedroom.Seeingourtwochildren,Isuddenlyrealizedthetruth:thereisno10sight(风景)intheworldthanyourchildrensfacesthatgreetyouathome.,10.A.quieterB.richerC.sweeterD.wider,10.C,26,Thankyouforyourwatching,