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1、1.While I was wondering at this, our schoolmaster took his place. ( )2. Where there is a will, there is a way. ( )3. Now that / Since everybody is here, lets begin our meeting. （ ）4. Ill speak slowly so that you can understand me. ( )时间时间地点地点原因原因目的目的5. So clever was he a student that he was able to
2、work out all the difficult problems. ( ) 6. As long as you dont lose heart, youll succeed. ( ) 7. Try as he might, he could not find a job. ( ) 8. The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son. ( ) 9.He woke up as suddenly as he had fallen asleep. ( ) 结果结果条件条件让步让步方式方式比较比较一个一个_在复合句中用作状语时在复合句中
3、用作状语时,在语法上叫在语法上叫状语从句。从句由状语从句。从句由_ 、_或或_引导。引导。状语从句可分为：状语从句可分为：1) _ 2) _ 3) _ 4) _ 5) _ 6) _ 7) _ 8) _ 9) _等等句子句子时间时间地点地点 原因原因目的目的结果结果条件条件 方式方式比较比较 让步让步名词词组名词词组从属连词从属连词副词副词一一. 时间状语从句的引导词时间状语从句的引导词1. when, while , as, before, after, until, till, since, ever since, once, as soon as ，2. every time, next/
4、last/each time, the first time, the moment, the minute, the instant4. hardlywhen, scarcelywhen, no soonerthan3. immediately, instantly, directlywhen, while, as1._ we were talking, Mr. Smiths came in.2._ they came home, I was cooking dinner.3. I was about to go to bed _ I heard someone knock at the d
5、oor.4. _ we were watching TV, he was studying.5. He is fat _ his brother is thin.6. _ she sang, tears ran down her face.While/ As/ WhenWhenwhenWhilewhileAs连接词连接词when、while、as的用法小结的用法小结1、when 的用法：的用法：（1）when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是延续的，也可以是表短暂性动作词可以是延续的，也可以是表短暂性动作的动词，可用于主句和从句动作同时发生的动词，可用于主句和从句动作
6、同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。如：或从句动作先于主句动作。如： When the film ended, the people went back. When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.（2）可用作并列连词，其意义为）可用作并列连词，其意义为“那时，这时那时，这时”，相当于，相当于 and at this/that time。 常用于句式：常用于句式： Somebody was doing something whenSb. was about to do sth. when(刚要刚要这时突然这时突然)(3)
7、 (3) whenever whenever 指的是指的是“在在任何一个不具体的时间任何一个不具体的时间”You can ask for help whenever you need it.你如果需要帮助请随时提你如果需要帮助请随时提出来。出来。2、连接词、连接词while的用法的用法 （1） while意思是意思是“当当的时候的时候”或或“在某一段时间内在某一段时间内”，引导的从句动作必，引导的从句动作必须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。相对比。 People dont talk so loudly while others are workin
8、g.（2）从句和主句的谓语动词都为延续性动）从句和主句的谓语动词都为延续性动词时词时, 只能用只能用while; while还可作并列连还可作并列连词词,表示表示”而而”. I was reading while he was watching TV.3as 的用法：的用法：(1) as 着重强调主句和从句的动作同时或几着重强调主句和从句的动作同时或几乎同时发生，如：乎同时发生，如： The students rose as the teacher entered the classroom. (2)as还可以表示还可以表示“随着随着”，如：，如： As time goes by, it is
9、 getting colder and colder.(3) As 还能表示还能表示“一边一边一边一边”，如：，如： He looked behind from time to time as he went.4如果主句表示的是短暂动作，而从如果主句表示的是短暂动作，而从句用延续性动作的进行时态表示在句用延续性动作的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时，一段时间内正在进行的动作时，when, while与与as 可互换使用。如：可互换使用。如： When/While/As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend
10、of mine.before,after,since1.He had left the town the day _ she arrived.2.It was not long _ he left his hometown.3.I played football _ I (had) finished my homework4.Please tell her Ill come _ I do some shopping.beforeafterbeforeafter5. It will not be long _ we meet each other again.6. I _ (be) at his
11、 bedside since he _ (become) ill.7. It _ (be) two years since we _ (begin) to use this machine.beforehave beenbecameis/ has beenbeganConclusion:1）句型）句型It will be/was一段时间一段时间before “还要过多久才还要过多久才” 如：如： It will be two years before he leaves the country.2）句型）句型It will be/was not一段时间一段时间before “不多久就不多久就”
12、，如：，如： It was not long before he worked out the problem.3）句型）句型It be一段时间一段时间since ,该句型该句型主句和从句中动词谓语时态的搭配很严格。主句和从句中动词谓语时态的搭配很严格。It is/has been since sb. did sth. 如：如： It is three years since she joined the army.从句动词为瞬间动词，表示从句动词为瞬间动词，表示“自自以来，以来，已经过去多长时间了已经过去多长时间了”。It is four days since she was ill.从句谓
13、语动词为延续性动词，表示从句谓语动词为延续性动词，表示“自自结束以来，已经过去多长时间了结束以来，已经过去多长时间了”。小结：小结：till, until和和notuntil：1.until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词是延续性动词，表示动作或状主句的动词是延续性动词，表示动作或状态一直持续到态一直持续到until/till所表示的时间，意为所表示的时间，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。如：如： We waited until he came. 2用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是
14、非延续性动词，从句为肯定，意为续性动词，从句为肯定，意为“某动作某动作直到某时间才开始直到某时间才开始”。如：。如： He wont go to bed till/until she returns.3till不可以置于句首，而不可以置于句首，而until可以。如：可以。如： Until you told me I had no idea of it.4notuntil句型中的强调和倒装说法：句型中的强调和倒装说法： It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it. Not until you told me did I have
15、any idea of it.till 与与until:1. He lived with his parents _ he graduated from college.2. Not _ he told me did I know the truth.3. The children _ (will come) home until/ till its dark.4. It was _ the war was over that he returned to his land.till/ untiluntilwont comenot until一一就就ill. 1._ he saw the mo
16、nster, he turned pale.2、 The spy had _ returned home than he was told to go to another country.3、We had _returned home when it rained.4、_ had we begun when we told to stop.The moment/ minute/ Immediately/no soonerhardly/scarcelyHardly/ ScarcelyAs soon as5 no soonerthan hardly/scarcelywhen 刚刚就就A. 时态：
17、主句用时态：主句用过去完成时过去完成时（had + p.p.） 从句用从句用一般过去时一般过去时B. 倒装：倒装： no sooner/hardly/scarcely放句首，放句首，主句主句要到装要到装She had no sooner arrived at the station than the train started to move.No sooner had she arrived at the station than .He had hardly entered the hotel when it began to snow.Hardly had he entered the
18、hotel when it began to snow二二. 地点状语从句地点状语从句:where, wherever You would let your children play where you can see them.Wherever you are, I will be right there waiting for you.where指指“在某个地方在某个地方”，wherever指指“无论哪里，在任何一个地无论哪里，在任何一个地方方” 语气较强，常用于书面语。语气较强，常用于书面语。在使用时：在使用时：一、要注意两者的含义区别。一、要注意两者的含义区别。二、要注意状语从句和定
19、语从句的区别。二、要注意状语从句和定语从句的区别。三、要注意在状语从句中不可使用介词三、要注意在状语从句中不可使用介词+which引导。出题者既考状语从句又引导。出题者既考状语从句又考定语从句和状语从句的区别。还加考定语从句和状语从句的区别。还加入名词性从句这一干扰项。入名词性从句这一干扰项。1.If you are traveling_the customs are really foreign to your own，please do as the Romans do. A.in which B.what C.when D.where2.In peace，too，the Red Cros
20、s is expected to send help_there is human suffering.A.whoever B.however C.whatever D.wherever 3.-Mom，what did your doctor say？ -He advised me to live_the air is fresher. A.in where B.in which C.the place where D.where D D Dwherewhere引导的地点状语从句引导的地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味味Where theres a will, Wh
21、ere theres a will, there s a way.there s a way.有志者事竟成。有志者事竟成。三、三、 原因状语从句原因状语从句原因状语从句的引导词有：原因状语从句的引导词有：because, as, sincenow that（既然）（既然）, considering that（考虑到）（考虑到）,seeing that（由于）（由于）用用because, as, since 与与for填空填空:1.-Why are you crying, meg? - _ Ive broken your necklace, mom.2. I went to bed early
22、_ I was tired.3. I was not kind to him_ he was rude.4. _ I had a cold, I was absent from school.5. My mother was ill and I sent for Tom, _ he was a doctor.6. _ we are all here, lets begin our class.BecausebecausebecauseAsforSinceConclusion:1.because直接原因直接原因，非推断语气最，非推断语气最强回答强回答why2.since表示表示“既然既然”，语气
23、较弱；强调对，语气较弱；强调对方已经知晓，无需加以说明的原因，只方已经知晓，无需加以说明的原因，只可以放在句首。可以放在句首。3.as“由于由于”，语气最弱，表示往往是十，语气最弱，表示往往是十分明显的原因，常放在句首，比较口语分明显的原因，常放在句首，比较口语化。化。4.for 放句中，放句中，对前面一句话的内容的补对前面一句话的内容的补充说明充说明 。 四四. 条件状语从句条件状语从句:引导条件状语从句的连接词有引导条件状语从句的连接词有:if, unless, as/ so long as（只要）（只要）, so far as(据我所知据我所知), in case,on conditio
24、n that(条件条件.), provided (that) (假设），等假设），等 1、The WTO cannot live up to its name _ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind. Aas long as Bwhile Cif Deven though2、 It is known to all that _ you exercise regularly, you wont keep good health. A. unless B. as long as C. although
25、 D. if Conclusion:1.条件状语从句中条件状语从句中,如果主从句都表将来动作，如果主从句都表将来动作，主句用将来时态，从句用一般现在时态主句用将来时态，从句用一般现在时态. If you dont hurry up, you will miss the plane.2、unless 相当于 if not，意思是“除非”“如果不就”。We cant get there on time unless we book the earliest flight.= We cannot get there on time if we dont book the earliest fligh
26、t.as/so long as, as far as, in case1、_ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger. 2、I always take something to read when I go to the doctors _ I have to wait. 3、Ill go _ you go.As far asin case as long as 与与 as far as 都可引导条件状语从都可引导条件状语从句，句，as long as 表示表示“只要只要”，as far as
27、 表表示示“就就而论（而言）而论（而言）”。in case 表示表示“以以防防”。as/so long as1、You can have my bicycle for a fewdays _you return it by Sunday.2、 _ anything importanthappens, please call me up.3、 _ you had one million dollars, what would you do? on condition thatIn caseSuppose/Supposing on condition that：条件是：条件是 in case :万
28、一，如果万一，如果 suppose/supposing (that): 假设，如果假设，如果五、让步状语从句五、让步状语从句1.He went out, _ it was raining.2._ they are poor, they buy a great many books.3.Child _ he is, he has learnt advanced mathematics.though/althoughAlthoughasthough, although, even if/ though, while, no matter, whatever, however, whetheror,
29、 as_he is a child, he has learnt advanced mathematics.No matter _ happens, dont be discouraged.No matter _ hard he tried, he couldnt open the door.No matter _ you go, you must write to your parents.No matter _ you marry in the future, he must be an honest man.howwherewhowhatEven ifthough/ although1、
30、一般可互换：、一般可互换：主句前可用主句前可用yet, still, 常省略常省略 但不能与但不能与but连用。连用。 Though/ although it sounds strange, （yet） it is true.2、倒装句、倒装句和和独立副词放句末独立副词放句末只能用只能用though. Strange_ it may seem, heremained single all his life. It was hard work, I enjoyed it, _.thoughthoughas引导让步状语从句引导让步状语从句,表示表示“尽管、虽然尽管、虽然”。但从句要倒装。句型为：但
31、从句要倒装。句型为： adj./adv./单数单数n.(不加冠词不加冠词)/v+as+主语主语+谓语谓语 1、Young as she is, she can help her mother. 2、 Fast as he runs, he is the last one. 3、Try as you may, you might fail as well. 4、Late as it was, they kept on working.六、目的状语从句六、目的状语从句引导目的状语从句的引导词有：引导目的状语从句的引导词有：so that, in order that (为了）为了）for fear
32、 that (唯恐，以防唯恐，以防), in case （以免，（以免， 以防）以防）从句谓语从句谓语动词有时动词有时也用也用should/might/could + 动词原形动词原形1.He got up early _ he could catch the bus.2._ he could catch the bus, he got up early.3.I stayed at home all day _ you called.in order that/ so thatIn order thatso that, in order that ,for fear that, in case
33、in case/for fear thatConclusion:1、目的状语从句中的谓语动词常与情态动词、目的状语从句中的谓语动词常与情态动词can, could, may, might, should等连用。如：等连用。如： Take this medicine so that you can recover soon.2、in order that 常用于正式文体，可放于句首，常用于正式文体，可放于句首，也可放于句中；而也可放于句中；而so that往往只放于句中。往往只放于句中。3、目的状语从句可以和动词不定式互换。如：、目的状语从句可以和动词不定式互换。如： Well sit in f
34、ront of the hall so that/in order that we can hear better.= Well sit in front of the hall _ _ hear better.so as to/in order to七、结果状语从句七、结果状语从句结果状语从句的引导词有：结果状语从句的引导词有：so that, sothat, suchthat1、I was caught in a shower, _ all my clothes got wet.2、Its _ cold _ the lake has frozen.3、There are _ many bo
35、oks there _ I dont know which one to borrow.4、Its _ good a book _ Ive read it again and again.5、It was _ a cold day _ there was nobody on the street.6、_ cold weather remained for three days _ I had to stay at home all day long.sothatsothatsuchthatSuchthatso thatsothatso that, sothat, such that1、so t
36、hat引导结果状语从句时，从句中不引导结果状语从句时，从句中不带情态动词，带情态动词，that有时可省略。如：有时可省略。如： He didnt plan his time well so (that) he didnt finish his work in time.2、当当so/such置于句首时，置于句首时，so/such引导的引导的句子要半倒装。如：句子要半倒装。如： Such a nice man is Mike that we all like him. So excited was he that he could not fall asleep.Conclusion:3、sot
37、hat和和suchthat常用的搭配有：常用的搭配有：so +adj./adv.+ that 从句从句so +adj.+ a/an +可数名词单数形式可数名词单数形式+that so +many/much/few/little +n. +that such + a/an +adj. +可数名词单数可数名词单数+thatsuch +adj. +可数名词复数可数名词复数/不可数名词不可数名词+that Jenny is such a clever girl that all the teachers liked her very much.=Jenny is _ that all the teac
38、hers liked her very much.He had _ few friends _ he often feels lonely.so clever a girlsothat八、比较状语从句八、比较状语从句:1.His brother is _ handsome _ he (is).2.The movie was not _ good _ I had expected.3.Your bag is twice as expensive as _ .4.The driver drives faster _ he used to (drive).5._ knowledge we learn
39、, _ (happy) we will be.asasso/asasminethanThe morethe happieras, than, asas, not so/asas, the+比比较级较级 the+比较级比较级九、方式状语从句九、方式状语从句:1.He stood up _ (he wanted ) to leave.2.She always talks to me as if she _ (be) my sister.3.He walked slowly as if he _ (hurt) his leg.4.You should do _I do.as if werehad h
40、urtas（像，如（像，如), as if/ though(仿佛、似乎仿佛、似乎), just as（就像）（就像）, as as if从句里的主语与动词如和主句一致从句里的主语与动词如和主句一致有时可省略有时可省略. as if 从句叙述的情况如果与事实相符合从句叙述的情况如果与事实相符合,从句不用虚拟语气从句不用虚拟语气,从句时态与主句保持从句时态与主句保持一致一致. as if 从句叙述的情况如与事实不相符合从句叙述的情况如与事实不相符合,则从句用虚拟语气则从句用虚拟语气. 与一般现在事实不符合：谓语动词与一般现在事实不符合：谓语动词 were/did 与过去事实不符合：谓语动词与过去事
41、实不符合：谓语动词 had doneConclusion:I 状语从句的时态问题状语从句的时态问题1、The house could fall down soon if no one _ some quick repair work. A. has done B. is doing C. does D. had done 2、It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time. A. before B. since C. after D. when 在条件，时间和让步从句中，用一般现在时表示一般在条件，时间和让步从句中，用一般现在时表示一
42、般将来时，用一般过去时表过去将来时。在将来时，用一般过去时表过去将来时。在 since 引导的引导的时间状语从句中，动词一般都用一般过去时，而主句常时间状语从句中，动词一般都用一般过去时，而主句常用现在完成时。用现在完成时。C CB BII、状语从句的倒装问题、状语从句的倒装问题1、So difficult _ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English. A. I have felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel2、Not un
43、til all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was. A.did the villagers realize B.the villagers realizedC. the villagers did realize D. didnt the villagers realize 状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况：状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况： 否定否定词开头；词开头； sosuch. 开头；开头； as / though引引导的让步状语从句。导的让步状语从句。D DA AIII 状语从句的省略状语从句的省略：在
44、在条件，时间，让步，方式条件，时间，让步，方式状语从句中，如果从状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致或者从句的主语是句的主语和主句的主语一致或者从句的主语是it,而且谓语包含有而且谓语包含有be动词，那么可以省略动词，那么可以省略主语主语或或it, 跟跟be动词。动词。1、While (I was) in Beijing , I paid a visit to the Summer Palace.2、Come tomorrow, if (it is ) possible.3、If so ,you must go back and get it.4、She stood at the gate as if (she was ) waiting for someone.5、Though (it was) cold, he still wore a shirt.