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1、1. This is the gentleman who helped me out of the trouble.2. The building which stands near the river is our school.3. Do you know the boy whose bicycle was broken just now?4. The farm (that)we visited last Sunday was located in the suburbs of Beijing.定语从句：修饰名词或代词对其启到限定作用定语从句：修饰名词或代词对其启到限定作用的句子。被定语从
2、句修饰的名词或代词叫先行的句子。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从句的词叫关系代词以及关系副词。引导定语从句的词叫关系代词以及关系副词（词（when/ where/ why)指代对象指代对象人人事物事物人物共人物共存存主格主格Who/ that That/ whichthat宾格宾格Who(m)/thatThat/which that所有所有whoseWhose/of which1. The boy _ we saw yesterday was Johns brother.2. Do you know the name of the hotel _ windows we can s
3、ee here?3. Is she the girl _ sells newspapers?Who& that下列情况中只能使用下列情况中只能使用who1 当先行词是当先行词是one,ones,anyone或或thoseAnyone who does that must be mad.Those who dare to break the law will be punished.2 用在用在there be 结构中结构中 先行词做表语先行词做表语There is a young man who wants to see you.3 为避免重复或引起歧义为避免重复或引起歧义The man th
4、at spoke at the meeting is our headmaster who has just come from Shanghai.4 先行词是先行词是 I, you, he , they等等He who plays with fire gets burned.5 先行词是指成员的集合名词先行词是指成员的集合名词The family, who lives upstairs, are fond of music.7 用在非限制性定语从句中指人用在非限制性定语从句中指人LiuXiang, who quited in Beijing Olympics, is still regard
5、ed as a hero in china.That & which下列情况中只能使用下列情况中只能使用 that1 先行词是先行词是everything,anything等不定代等不定代词或是词或是all, much,few, little以及被其修饰以及被其修饰Everything that can be done has been done.There are few books we can read.2 先行词被先行词被the only, the very, the last, the very及序数词修饰及序数词修饰This is the only food that I can
6、find for you.His composition was the second one that was handed in.3 先行词被形容词或副词的最高级修饰时先行词被形容词或副词的最高级修饰时This is the most interesting film that I have ever seen.4 先行词人物共存时先行词人物共存时They talked for half an hour of things and persons that they remembered in the school.5 先行词在从句中做表语先行词在从句中做表语China is not th
7、e country that it used to be6 先行词为数词时先行词为数词时He brought two cats yesterday. Now I can see the two that are playing in the garden.7 为避免重复为避免重复He build up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.8 先行词为先行词为 what时时What that is on the table belongs to me.通常使用通常使用whch的情况的情况1 当关系代词之后
8、有插入语时当关系代词之后有插入语时He made another wonderful discovery, which I think is of great importance to science.2在谚语中常采用在谚语中常采用that which的用法的用法That which is evil is soon learned.3 先行词是指物的先行词是指物的that或或those时时He has found that which he has been looking for.*which的特殊用法的特殊用法*1. 指代整个主句或主句的部分指代整个主句或主句的部分John said h
9、ed been working in the office for an hour , which was true.2. 限定作用但前必须有介词限定作用但前必须有介词He lost his temper, at which point I decided to go home.His son insisted on joining the army, in which case he had to give in.Whose的用法的用法指人或物，表示所属关系指人或物，表示所属关系I dont want to hire the boy whose father is now in prison
10、.Look at the house whose roof is red.In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30, by which time many people have got home.Whose+ N = N+ of whichThe house whose roof was damaged has now been repaired.The house the roof of which was damaged has now been repaired.The house of which the roo
11、f was damaged has now been repaired.名词前定冠词名词前定冠词介词介词+关系代词关系代词Prep + which/ whomThe chair on which she is sitting is made of plastics.The woman to whom you talked just now is a famous singer.*Your speech was heard by a group of five judges, all of whom agreed tht it was the best one this year.*I call
12、ed him by the wrong name, for which mistake I should apologize.刚才与我们校长谈话的那个人是我们的英语刚才与我们校长谈话的那个人是我们的英语老师老师1The man to whom our headmaster talked just now is our English teacher.2 The man whom our headmaster talked to just now is our English teacher.3The man who our headmaster talked to just now is ou
13、r English teacher.4The man that our headmaster talked to just now is our English teacher.5The man our headmaster talked just now is our English teacher.特殊的关系代词特殊的关系代词1. as(1)As 引导限制性定语从句引导限制性定语从句用在固定搭配用在固定搭配asas, soas, suchas, the same as.You may take as many books as you want.I have got such a comp
14、uter as yours.This is the same bicycle as I have lost.This is the same bicycle that I have lost*The same as .表示它的内容与先行词表示它的内容与先行词所讲的事物是一类，而所讲的事物是一类，而the same that 是是同一个同一个*（2）as引导非限制性定语从句引导非限制性定语从句指代整个主句或主指代整个主句或主句的部分内容句的部分内容As we all know, light travels faster than sound.Taiwan, as you know, is an
15、inseparable part of china.Which& as 的区别的区别Smoking is harmful to ones health, as is known to us all.It was raining heavily last night, which prevented me from going to the party.As 引导的非限制性定语从句可置于主句的任何位置，引导的非限制性定语从句可置于主句的任何位置，而而which只能放在主句句末只能放在主句句末As引导的非限制性定语句经常翻译成引导的非限制性定语句经常翻译成“正如正如” 而而which翻译成翻译成“
16、这一点这一点”As 在从句中做主语时，谓语动词一般为在从句中做主语时，谓语动词一般为Be 而而which不用不用but用在否定结构相当于用在否定结构相当于who/thatnotIn China there is no one but knows XiaoShenyang.There is no rule but has exceptions关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词引导的定语从句I will never forget the days when I was in Cannda.The company where he is working is one of the biggest in
17、the cityThe reason why he was late today is traffic jam.In/on whichIn/at whichfor which1Never will I forget the days _ we spent together in our middle school.2This is the factory _ my father visited yesterday.3Is this factory _ my father visited yesterday?4Was this the reason _ he explained to us fo
18、r his being late?先行词在从句中做何种成分决定使先行词在从句中做何种成分决定使用那个关系词用那个关系词Hes got himself into a dangerous situation _ he is likely to lose control over the plane. A. where B. which C. while D. why当先行词为当先行词为case, situation, stage, activity, 等表示隐含地点的词语时，关等表示隐含地点的词语时，关系词使用系词使用where定语从句中的主谓一致定语从句中的主谓一致The mp4 that _
19、been given to me is home-made. ( have)I, who _ your classmate, will share the work with you. ( be )关系代词做从句的主语时，从句的谓语动关系代词做从句的主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致，先行词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致，先行词是句子时，从句的谓语动词使用单数形词是句子时，从句的谓语动词使用单数形式。式。【注意】【注意】He is one of the students who _ made great progress.Mr Wang is the only one of my
20、 friends who _ been invited to have dinner with us. (have)one of +复数名词作先行词时，从句的复数名词作先行词时，从句的谓语动词用复数形式。但若谓语动词用复数形式。但若one前有前有 the （only） the（ just） the （very）修饰时，从句的谓语动词用单数形式修饰时，从句的谓语动词用单数形式限制性定语从句限制性定语从句&非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句Those who want to go to the cinema please put up your hands.Dr. Brown, who lives next door, comes from America.区别区别: 限制性定语从句对先行词起限定区分限制性定语从句对先行词起限定区分作用，省略意思不完整不清楚。非限制性作用，省略意思不完整不清楚。非限制性定语从句对先行词起进一步的说明或描述，定语从句对先行词起进一步的说明或描述，省略意思完整省略意思完整修饰专有名词只能使用非限制性定语从句修饰专有名词只能使用非限制性定语从句表示唯一性表示唯一性