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1、Modal Verbs Modal Verbs Unit 1Unit 12022年7月30日星期六2情态动词表示说话人的某种情态动词表示说话人的某种感情或语气,对某一动作感情或语气,对某一动作或状态的某种态度。或状态的某种态度。表示表示“需要、可以、需要、可以、必须、应当必须、应当”等。等。 什么是情态动词?什么是情态动词? (Modal Verbs)(Modal Verbs)can/could, may/might, must/ have to, shall/should (ought to), will/would need, dare/dared2022年7月30日星期六3 1. can
2、的主要用法是:的主要用法是: A. 表能力表能力 eg. The girl can dance very well. be able to 通过努力做成某事通过努力做成某事 He was able to reach Mount Qomolangma in 2000. B. 表示说话者的推测表示说话者的推测事物的可能性事物的可能性:(否、疑)否、疑) eg. Can the news be true? C. 在口语中在口语中, can可以表示请求或允许可以表示请求或允许: eg. Can I sit here? can和和could2022年7月30日星期六42. could的主要用法是:的主要
3、用法是: A. could 是是can的过去式的过去式, 表示与过去表示与过去 有关的能力有关的能力和推测和推测: We all knew that the young man couldnt be a doctor. B. could可以代替可以代替can表示请求表示请求, 但语气较但语气较can客气、客气、委婉委婉:could 提问,答语用提问,答语用can -Could I borrow your pen?-yes, you can.2022年7月30日星期六5may 常用来表示:常用来表示: 1. 在正式文体中表示请求、允许(在正式文体中表示请求、允许(比比can正式)正式):: eg
4、. May I come in ? You may go now. 2. 表示说话人的猜测表示说话人的猜测: “也许也许” “可能可能”: 通常只通常只用于肯定句和否定句中。用于肯定句和否定句中。The guest may arrive this afternoon.-Can he attend the meeting?-Yes, he_. I am not sure.may和和mightmay2022年7月30日星期六6 在肯定句中,在肯定句中,may 的可能性比的可能性比can 高,高,may 表示现表示现实的可能性,实的可能性,can 表示理论上的可能性。如:表示理论上的可能性。如: T
5、he road may be blocked. Man can live 120.2022年7月30日星期六73. 表示祝愿表示祝愿,位于句首位于句首 eg. May you succeed! May you have a good journey! 4. may as well=had better do (最好做某事)最好做某事) Youd better take notes carefully. You may as well take notes carefully. 2022年7月30日星期六8will和和wouldwill是助动词是助动词还还是情态动词?是情态动词? will用于构
6、成将来时是助动词。用于构成将来时是助动词。 eg. I will tell you something important. 我要告诉你一件重要的事情。我要告诉你一件重要的事情。 情态动词:情态动词:1.表意愿或意志表意愿或意志 I will never do it again. If you will marry me, whatever I have is yours, and yours is yours.2022年7月30日星期六9 2.提出提出 请求或建议请求或建议 ,在疑问句中用于第二人称。在疑问句中用于第二人称。 eg: If you want help, let me know
7、, will you? Will you type this, please? 祈使句问句与答语一般用祈使句问句与答语一般用will Open the door, will you? - Please come to my party. - Yes, I will3. 表习惯或必然结果表习惯或必然结果 Fish will die without water. I will go to see my former classmates on weekends. 2022年7月30日星期六10would & used to (过去常常,习惯于)过去常常,习惯于)would 现在有可能做,也有可能不
8、做现在有可能做,也有可能不做used to 现在一定没有做现在一定没有做There used to be a big tree.I would go to the library when I was free.I _ to cry when I was a child.used to2022年7月30日星期六11shall和和should shall 用法用法 1. shall表征求意见,用于一三人称表征求意见,用于一三人称 疑问句中疑问句中 Shall we go by train, Mom? Shall he attend the meeting?2.用于二用于二 三人称三人称 的陈述句
9、中,表威胁警告命令允诺等语的陈述句中,表威胁警告命令允诺等语气气 You shall get a present when I came back. You shall be punished if you break the rules.2022年7月30日星期六12should 用法用法1.应该应该=ought to You should study hard.2. 表万一,多位于句首。表万一,多位于句首。 Should he come, I would let you know.3. “居然居然”,“竟然竟然”,表说话人意料之外。表说话人意料之外。 针对现在针对现在- should+ V
10、原原 针对过去针对过去- have done To my surprise, he should be a thief. He should have lied to me yesterday.2022年7月30日星期六13must的主要用法的主要用法1. 必须。必须。must表主观表主观“必须必须” have to 表客观表客观“不得不不得不” I must go home this Saturday. Ive got a cold, so I have to see a doctor. -Must I stay here? -Yes, you must./ No, you neednt./
11、you dont have to.mustnt 表禁止,不准,一定不要。表禁止,不准,一定不要。 You mustnt play with fire. You mustnt take drugs. 2022年7月30日星期六142. 表表“偏要偏要”“”“偏偏偏偏”,违背说话人意愿。,违背说话人意愿。 Must you talk in class? -How much do you earn? -Ill tell you if you must know it. 3. 一定,肯定一定,肯定 He must be crazy. He must have stayed up last night.
12、4. 表推测的反应,反义疑问句中不能出现表推测的反应,反义疑问句中不能出现must的的形式,反义形式取决于句中时态形式,反义形式取决于句中时态2022年7月30日星期六151.He must be my English teacher,2.You must go shopping next week,3. He must have finished his homework,4. It must have rained yesterday,isnt he?wont you?hasnt he?didnt it?2022年7月30日星期六16need & dare (dared)情态动词情态动词
13、:need/dare do sthneed/dare not do sth 实意动词:实意动词: need/dare to do sthdont/doesnt/didnt dare to do sth(无单三形式)(无单三形式)2022年7月30日星期六171.Being afraid of making mistakes ,he _ answer his teachers question A. doesnt dare B. doesnt dare to C. darent to D. not dare to 2.Having failed the exam. The little boy
14、_go home and face his mom. A. dares not to B. dares not C. dare not to D. dare not 2022年7月30日星期六18情态动词情态动词+have done should/ought to have doneshouldnt have donemust have donecant/couldnt have donecould have doneneed have doneneednt have done(针对过去)针对过去)2022年7月30日星期六19 1 Children under 12 years of age
15、 in that country _ be under adult supervision when in a public library. (2004 上海)上海) A. must B. may C. can D. need2022年7月30日星期六202 Some aspects of a pilots job_ be boring, and pilots often _ work at inconvenient hours. (2006 湖南)湖南) A. can;have to B. may;can C. have to; may D. ought to; must 2022年7月3
16、0日星期六213The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I _ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me. (2006 江西)江西) A should have taken B could have taken C neednt have taken D mustnt have taken2022年7月30日星期六224 Hows your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful? It _ be, but it is now heavily pollute
17、d. (2007 全国全国I) A. will B. would C. should D. must 2022年7月30日星期六235 I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I have driven her there. (2007 陕西)陕西) A. could B. must C. might D. should2022年7月30日星期六24根据汉语完成句子。根据汉语完成句子。 1. A: _(我可以跟朋友我可以跟朋友 去去) to the harvest festival? B: Yes, you may.2.
18、A: If I want to be a doctor, _ _ (我应该学理科吗我应该学理科吗)? B: I think so. May I go with friendsshould I studyscience 2022年7月30日星期六25 3. I dont know where she is, she _ _ (可能在武汉可能在武汉). 4. At this moment, our teacher _ (想必在批改想必在批改) our exam papers. 5. The road is wet. It _ (肯定下雨了肯定下雨了) last night. 6. Your mot
19、her _ _ (一定一直在找你一定一直在找你).maymust be markingmust have rainedmust have been lookingbe in Wuhanfor you2022年7月30日星期六267. Philip _ _(可能在车可能在车 祸中受了重伤祸中受了重伤). 8. -Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here. -She _ (可能上班可能上班) by bus.9. Mike _ (一定还没有找回一定还没有找回) his car, for he came to work by bus this morning.may (might) have been hurtmay (might) have gonecant have foundseriously in the car accident2022年7月30日星期六27