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1、被动语态,初三英语,ThePassiveVoice,Anglebaby,Whatshername?,SheiscalledAnglebaby.,be+P.P.,被动语态的基本结构:,有各种时态的变化,考点一:,1.NowEnglish_bymoreandmorepeopleallovertheword.A.speaksB.isspokenC.wasspoken,一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+PP,task,（一）1.WelikeMissLinVerymuch.MissLin_byusverymuch.2.ManyyoungpeopleloveJayChousongs.JayChou
2、ssongs_bymanyyoungpeople.,is,liked,are,loved,时态:,结构：,am/is/are+done,一般现在时,把下列句子改为被动语态：,2.Thelostboy_atthestreetcornerlastnight.A.wasfoundB.isfoundC.waslookedfor,一般过去时的被动语态：was/were+PP,task,（二）1.Themanrepairedthecaryesterday.Thecar_bythemanyesterday.2.MrSongencouragedustostudyhardlastweek.We_tostudyh
3、ardbyMissPenglastweek.,was,repaired,were,encouraged,时态:,结构：,was/were+done,一般过去时,把下列句子改为被动语态：,3.Manyhouses_inthefuture.A.willbuildB.willbebuiltC.arebuilt,一般将来时的被动语态：will+be+PPbegoingto+be+PP,task,(三)1.Thecitywillbuildthenewairportnextyear.Thenewairport_nextyear.2.HuidongMiddleSchoolisgoingtosendtwost
4、udentstoHongkongtostudy.Twostudents_toHongkongtostudy.,will,be,are,be,时态:,结构：,will/begoingto+be+done,一般将来时,built,going,to,sent,4.Threebridges_sincelastyear.A.havebuiltB.werebuiltC.havebeenbuilt,现在完成时的被动语态：have/has+been+PP,task,(四)1.LiMinghasalreadywateredsomeflowers.Someflowers_byLiMingalready.2.The
5、yhavesoldoutthelightgreendress.Thelightgreendress_out.,have,been,has,时态:,结构：,Have/has+been+done,现在完成时,watered,been,sold,5.Flowers_everyday.A.hasbeenwateredB.shouldbewateredC.shouldwater,含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+PP,含有情态动词的被动语态：,情态动词+be+done,Youmustntcleantheroomtoday.Theroom_byyoutoday.2.Weshouldfinishour
6、homeworkontime.,Ourhomework_byusontime.,（四）,mustnt,should,结构：,be,cleaned,be,finished,Part3,练习:用be动词的正确形式填空.,Aknife_usedtocutapples.2.Theair_pollutedalready.3.Therooms_cleanedlater.4.Thestudents_askedtohavebreakfast.5.Theyshould_encouragedtostudyhard.6.NotonlyhebutalsoI_punishedlastnight.,is,hasbeen,
7、willbe,are,be,was,一用适当的形式填空1Historyis_bythepeople.(make)2Heisoften_todotheworkbytheteacher.(ask)3Thebook_byhimlastyear.(write)4Theradio_lastweek.(mend)5Sometrees_onthehillalready.(plant)6Anewsubway_(build)nextyear.7She_(take)tothehospitalalready.8Thousandsofsatellites_(send)upintothespacesofar.9They
8、saidthey_(invite)tothepartyalready.10Thetrains_(produce)inZhuzhou.11Youngtreesshould_(water)often.,made,asked,waswritten,wasmended,havebeenplanted,willbebuilt,hasbeentaken,havebeensent,hadbeeninvited,areproduced,bewatered,一般现在时：一般过去时：一般将来时：情态动词:,am/is/are+done,情态动词+be+done,will+be+done,was/were+done
9、,以下时态的被动语态构成,Summary,现在完成时：,has/have+been+done,Task4,考点二:,被动语态中的特殊情况:,6.Goodmedicine_bittertothemouth.A.tastesB.istastedC.tasteThispen_well.A.issoldB.sellC.sells,感官动词,和sell等动词用主动语态表被动.,.,思考3:选择1.Thepen_well.A.iswrittenB.writes2.Themusic_nice.A.soundsB.issounded,B,A,有些动词的主动形式表示被动含义,注意问题3：,1.read,sell
10、,last,wash,write等带状语（well,easily)时。如:Herbooksellswell.,2.感官动词feel,look,smell,sound,taste等与形容词连用时。如：Thecaketastesdelicious.,7.Manypeople_duringtheearthquakeinMay,2008.A.werediedB.deadC.died,happen,last,die等动词不使用被动.,1.Itwillhappenin50years.()2.Itwillbehappenedin50years.(),注意问题2：,不及物动词没有被动语态，如：happen,t
11、akeplace,begin,becomedissappear,comeout.,思考2:判断下列句子的正误,挑战,x,8.Theman_cleanthetoiletbecausehe_rubbishwhenthepolicewalkedpastthepark.A.wasmade;wasseentothrowB.wasmadeto;wasseenthrowingC.made;saw,see/hearsb.dosthbeseen/heardtodosthsee/hearsb.doingsth.beseen/hearddoingsth.makesb.dosth.bemadetodosth.,主动:
12、被动:,主动:被动:,主动:被动:,思考4:把主动语态变为被动语态,Isawhimfalloffthetree.He_falloffthetree.,was,seen,to,注意问题4：,一些动词如（如：make,see,hear,watch等），后接宾语补足语为不带“to”不定式时，变被动语态时要加上“to”。,挑战,9.Childrenshould_.A.takegoodcareofB.betakengoodcareC.betakengoodcareof,固定短语的被动不要丢掉后面的介词或副词,10.Yourdesk_.A.needsrepairB.needsrepairingC.need
13、storepair,need,allow可以用-ing形式表示被动needtobedone=needdoingbeallowedtodo=allowdoing,练习：将下列句子变为被动句。1.LiLeilistenstohisfathercarefully.2.Themotherlookedafterthebabyintheroom.3.Wetookcareofthethings.4.Theygaveussomework.5.Theboymadethemlaughallthetime.6.Mymotherbuysmeabike.,Hisfatherislistenedtocarefullyby
14、LiLei.,Thebabywaslookedafterintheroom.,Thethingsweretakencareofbyus.,Weweregivensomework.Someworkwasgiventousbythem.,Theyweremadetolaughallthetime.,Abikeisboughtforme.,5、常见的被动结构：（1）.becoveredwith被覆盖（2）.bemadeof由制作（发生物理变化）bemadefrom由制作（发生化学变化）bemadein在（某地）制造bemadeby被（某人）制造,3）beusedfor被用来beusedas被当作(作
15、为)来使用beusedtodosth被用来做某事（4）.Itissaidthat据说Itisreported/believedthat据报道/据认为Itishopedthat希望Itiswellknownthat众所周知,各种时态的被动语态结构:,1.一般现在时态的被动语态结构:am/is/are+vt过去分词,2.一般过去时态的被动语态结构:was/were+vt过去分词,3.含有情态动词的被动语态结构:情态动词+be+vt过去分词,4.一般将来时的被动语态结构:will/shall+be+vt过去分词,5.现在进行时态的被动语态结构:am/is/are+being+vt过去分词,6.过去进
16、行时态的被动语态结构:was/were+being+vt过去分词,7.现在完成时态的被动语态结构:have/hasbeen+vt过去分词,变化：示例,Theboybroketheglass.,Theglasswasbrokenbytheboy.,从主动语态变为被动语态,1.主语介词by宾语2.谓语加be,并变为过去分词3.宾语主语,二、常见语态转换（一）一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态。引入练习1。请将下列主动语态变成被动语态1.Lucyboughtsomefruit.Somefruit_Lucy.2.UncleWangwaterstheflowerseveryday.Theflowers_U
17、ncleWangeveryday.3.Didtheybuildthebridgein1998?_thebridge_in1998?4.WhendidLuXunwritethesebooks?When_thesebooks_LuXun?5.Thefarmersdontgrowapplesonthefarm.Apples_onthefarm.6.Theydidntcleantheclassroomyesterday.Theclassroom_yesterday.小结：1、被动语态的转换，在be+过去分词中，确定_是关键，_永不变。2、Be的时态由_确定；be的单/复数由_确定。3、问句提前_;否定
18、_后加not.,wasboughtby,arewateredby,Was,built,were,writtenby,arentgrown,wasntcleaned,be形,过去分词,主动时态,被动主语,be动词,be,(二）一般现在时带情态动词的被动语态。引入练习2。请将下列主动语态变成被动语态。1.Youcandotheworkallbyyourself.Thework_allbyyourself.2.Wemustplantmoretrees.Moretrees_.3.Canweputourbikeshere?_ourbikes_here?4.Youmustntthrowrubbishher
19、e.Rubbish_here.小结：1.含情态动词的被动结构：_.2.疑问句提前_;否定句：_+not.,canbedone,mustbeplanted,Can,beput,mustntbethrown,情态动词+be+过去分词,情态动词,情态动词,1.一般可变为被动语态的动词为及物动词2.be动词可根据人称、时态、数进行变化.3.不特别强调动作执行者时，by短语(即by和后面的宾语)一般可以省略,NOTE,注意事项：,1.WecallMr.SmithalivingLeiFeng.Mr.Smith_alivingLeiFeng(byus).2.Tomsfatherboughthimabook.
20、He_abook(byhisfather)Abook_him(byhisfather),1.带双宾语的句子有两种改法:一般情况下把指人的宾语作为被动句的主语.当把直接宾语物作为主语时，要加介词to,for,wasbought,iscalled,wasboughtto,pass,show,send,此类动词有：,buy,beboughtfor,如：give,begivento,此类动词还有：,draw，make,cook,mend,2.感官动词(hear,see,watch,feel,notice等)和使役动词(let,makehave等)在主动语态中后接不带to的动词不定式,但是改为被动语态时
21、,把to加在动词原形之前.,Theymadetheboyswork12hoursaday.Theboysweremadetowork12hoursaday.Weoftenseehimgoforawalkbytheriver.Heisoftenseentogoforawalkbytheriver.,3主动句中含有宾语补足语句子的被动语态:把人变为主语Mothertoldmenottobelate.Iwastoldnottobelatebymother.Isawmotherplantingflowersinthegarden.Motherwasseenplantingflowersinthegar
22、den.,必背！,动词短语变被动语态，后面的介词不能丢。,takecareofbetakencareof,cutdownbecutdown,laughatbelaughedat,lookafterbelookedafter,Speaktobespokento,Handinbehandedin,4短语动词的被动语态Icantakegoodcareofthebaby.Thebabycanbetakengoodcareof.Weshouldspeaktotheoldpolitely.Theoldshouldbespokentopolitely.,Therainstopped.,Thesouptast
23、esdelicious.,stop,taste在句中是不及物动词，后面不能直接带宾语，因此不能变为被动语态。,不及物动词（vi.)不能用于被动语态。,happen,takeplace,appear,disappear,belongto,breakout(爆发）,e.g.Atrafficaccident_(happen)justnow.,happened,2.连系动词（Link.v.)不用被动语态。如：be,look,seem,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,turn,become,e.g.PekingOpera_(sound)beautiful.,sounds,3.当此动
24、词表示事物的自然属性的时候，不用被动语态。,e.g.Thepen_(write)veryfast.,writes,Thiskindofsweater_(sell)well.,sells,三、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如：ItissaidthatonedayheclimbedtothetopofahouseandItwasreportedthathermotherdiedofSARS.众所周知Itiswellknownthat据推测说Itissupposedthat,1.-DidyougotoJimsbirthdayparty?-No,I_(北京2003年中招试
25、题)A.amnotinvitedB.wasntinvitedC.haventinvitedD.didntinvited2.Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful,rubbish_intotheriver.A.needntbethrownB.mustntbethrownC.cantthrowD.maynotthrow(重庆2003年中招试题),中招名题回顾,B,B,考点聚焦,1、主动语态为动词原形作宾语补足语。Theworkersweremade12hoursadayntheolddays.A.workB.towork2、主动语态的谓语为短语动词。Theirhomeworkhalfanhourago.A.washandedinB.washanded,A,B,3.Youmaygofishingifyourwork_.(河北2003年中招试题)A.isdoneB.willbedoneC.hasdoneD.havedone4.Wearetold_everywhere.Itsourdutytokeepourschoolclean.(辽宁2003年中招试题)nottomakemuchnoiseB.tothrowwastepaperC.todrawD.nottospit,A,D,