2020年中考英语一轮复习练习:语音用法分类详解(无答案).docx

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1、中考英语语音用法分类详解 同学们,最近两年的第一,二道题都是考语音的,所以我们必须要牢固掌握好语音的相关知识,同时,学好语音为我们记忆单词也能打下很好的基础,语音是不是很重要啊?那现在就让我们来一一学习吧 一、考点解读观察近几年中考题第一二题是语音题,这给我们的复习指明了方向,今后要重视语音教学,包括音标以及发音规则的教学. 同时, 良好的语音基础及正确的发音习惯对听力有着很大的影响, 语音不好的学生通常听力都会有问题。此外,语音基础也是词汇拼写记忆的非常重要的基础二、中考语音复习点清单: 1. a, e, i, o, u五个元音字母的发音(在开音节及闭音节的读音,及弱读音节发音规则)2 48

2、个国际音标的认读 3. 常见元音字母组合和辅音字母组合的读音; 4. 不符合读音规则的常用词的读音。5. 划分音节的知识 三 元音字母在开音节及闭音节中的读音1 开音节有两种: A 绝对开音节 在重读音节中元音字母之后没有辅音字母,元音字母一律读它的字母音 如:go no me paper baby B 相对开音节。(元+辅+e)在元音字母之后有一个辅音字母(r除外),而后面又跟上一个不发音的元音字母e 如:home, name , face, bike, cute, these, 在重读开音节中,元音字母一律读它的字母音,即长音。1.字母a 在开音节中 发/ei/ 相对开音节 face,la

3、ke, take, strange, change ,waste ,escape 绝对开音节 baby, David, flavor 2字母e,绝对开音节 he, me , she相对开音节 these, compete 3 字母 i发 /ai/ 绝对开音节hi, bicycle 相对开音节 bike , time , rise, license , provide 4 字母 O 发 / u/ 绝对开音节 no, go, local ,do-nate 相对开音节 home, broke, pronoun , spoken , 5. 字母 u 发/ u: /或/ ju:/ use, cute,

4、duty, crucial , blue., costume尝试读读下面的单词 :Lane, pace , mute, duke, pose, bone, compete, hike, tide, dime 2 闭音节及特殊情况的读音以一个或几个辅音字母结尾(r除外),而中间只有一个元音字母的音节叫闭音节。在重读闭音节中,元音字母一律读它的短音。最常见的情况,两个元音夹一个辅音。 如 , bag, bed, pig, hot, cut , spring 1.字母a A 在闭音节固定发 短音 / /如 : ant , and, bag, pat, map, 等单音节词另外在双音节及多音节中,也要

5、让学生学会划分出闭音节 如 flashcard , grammar 的第一部分. matter A 在其他情况下的发音情况 1 发/a:/ class cant father after 2 发/ / 字母a在/w/后常发短音/ /,也就是在字母w及wh后, 如wash, what, want, swan但water一词中,a发长音 / :/。 3 发/ e / any many anything 中考语音题 A.black B.fat C.change D.stand中考语音题 A.candle B.panda C.danger D.apple 2.字母e 闭音节中发 /e/ 如 bed,

6、red, smell, press, plenty, shelf, suggest fetch , century ,mess 其他特殊情况 发/i/ England English relay这个单词,/ri:/这个音节是重读开音节,所以e发/i:/ 应属规则情况。 另外 ever even eve 这三个单词中e的发音分别为/ e/ /i:/ /i:/3 字母i 闭音节 发 / i/ big , silly , picnic ,lift , risk ,fix, stick 特殊情况 发/i:/ policeman , machine4 字母O 闭音节 发 / / dog, box, so

7、ft , belong 特殊情况 /u/ woman /i/ women 发/ / come son love does mother 即o在m,n,v,th前发/ / 中考题 A. alone B. whole C. love D. motor 中考题 A.luck B.jump C.rush D.business 5.字母u 闭音节 发/ / bus, but, public, frustrate, 特殊情况 发/ u/ push ,pull ,put , 发/i/ busy 不发音 build(built)、找出下列元音字母发音不同的1.A.cover B.month C.drop D.

8、monkey 2.A.life B.film C.children D.strict 3.A.hurry B.duck C.subject D.pull 4.A.cage B.travel C.lazy D.hate 5.A.hundred B.empty C.medicineD.sentence 6.A.long B.doll C.so D.shop 7.A.ride B.fridge C.twice D.smile 8.A.useful B.pupil C.lucky D.duty 9.A.capital B.travel C.jacket D.angry 10.A.neck B.seve

9、ral C.invent D.eve 三 元音字母在非重读音节中的发音一 音节的概念1. 元音可以自成一个音节 如 I 2. 也可以和一个或数个辅音构成一个音节;me,it, his, spring, 3辅音只起辅助作用,不能自成音节,只有极少数可以成为一个音节具体来说,就是一个辅音加上 l,m,n,结尾构成一个音节,如,apple, seven ,little, possible 因此,在一个单词中,有几个元音(包括双元音),就有几个音节。 二 重读与非重读音节 1重读音节:一个单词中只有一个读得最响亮的音节,叫做重读音节。2非重读音节: 在双音节或者多音节词中,除了重读音节读得最响亮,其他

10、的音节要读得相对较弱,叫做非重读音节或弱读音节。如 panda, 第一个音节pan重读,第二个音节da弱读,gram-mar ,第一个部分重读,后面弱读发 / /三 五个元音字母在非重读音节中的发音五个元音字母在非重读音节中 弱读 成 / /, 或者 / i / 这个规则适合所有的单词如 about , panda, repeat,vocabulary, spoken,focus,confident 让学生把握这个规律,对记忆单词很有好处 四 划分音节 1单音节词无须划分音节。 2 两元音之间只有一个辅音时,这个辅音通常要划归后面的元音构成音节(也有例外的情况)。 如 pa-per ,ba-b

11、y ,lo-cal 如一个元音前无辅音时,这个元音可单独成为一个音节。 如 pronunciation 3划分音节时,双元音作一个元音处理;含有元音的辅音组作一个辅音对待。如:dia-ry ,ta-ble4. 两个元音之间有两个或两个以上辅音时,最后一个辅音划归后面的元音构成音节,其余的辅音划归前面的元音,如: Gram-mar, frus-trate, pic-nic ,5 爆破辅音b, p, d, t, th, c, k, ch , g 及f, ph等后面连有l或r,形成bl, br, pl, pr, tr,chl,chr等,以及sp,st,ps,在划分音节时,不能分开,都划归后面的元音。

12、如: Cele-brate, ele-phant 6 字母组合构成的辅音组划分音节时,均不能分开。如: question , friendship 7 划分音节的几个步骤1. 看组合。 有字母组合的优先按组合读音,而不按其他读音 。如 park , high, coat 2 看重读音节和非重读音节 一个单词只有一个重读音节,其他一般都按弱读规则发音, 找准重音和弱读音节,按照前面所讲的规则去发音, 如 local , 划分为 lo- cal ,第一个音节为开音节,o读字母音u,第二个音节为弱读音节,a 弱读成 典型例子:a-loud 重读音节是 loud,字母组合ou,第一个音节 a 是弱读音

13、节 im-press 重读音节是press,按典型闭音节读音,第一个音节 im是弱读音节com-plete 重读音节是plete,典型相对开音节,第一个音节 com是弱读音节,按弱读规则发音can-dy 重读音节是can,第二个音节 dy 是弱读音节练习划分音节 : 1. pronunciation 2 congratulation 3 confident 4 remind 5 achieve 6 plenty 7 crucial 8 pretend 9 church 10 advertisement 1 尝试读出下列单词的发音 1. Bake 2 tame 3 data 3 pat 4 ev

14、e 5 theme 6 jet 7 pepper 8 pose 9 dose 10 ox 11 blog 12 spot 13 pipe 14 tide 15 dig 16 pin 17 cute, 18 a-buse 19 duke 20 mug 21 bug 22 dusk 23 paste 2 尝试划分下列单词的音节及朗读这些单词 1. Insect 2 attention 3 concentrate 4 succeed 5 pimple 6 confident 7establish 10 commitment 11 donate 12 produce 13 invent 14 embr

15、assing 15 suggest 同学们,今天我们来学习语音中的元音字母组合和辅音字母组合的发音,这些都是中考也常涉及到的元音字母组合的发音 元音字母组合位置读音例词例外ar重读a:mark carve article party market March farm hard在W后:warm warn reward war非重读 Grammar,popular er重读:Service certain serve非重读worker farmer teacher or重读:form important corner horse在W后:work word world worth非重读 mirro

16、r doctor forbid forgetur重读:church Thursday nurse turn return 非重读surprise surround murmur ir重读:thirsty dirty first girlaai重读音节eitailor remain grain sail praise raise brain said e非重读音节icaptain certainau:causeaunt a:al:walk ball all talk half a:alms a:lalways almost already although aw:draw dawn saw ai

17、refair affair hair upstairsareedare glare share compare careful area:augh:taught caught daughter naughtylaugha:fay重读音节eidelay play say way todaysays e非重读音节iSunday Monday eeai: repeat leaf lead peace disease cream esweater thread headache heavy breakfast 特殊eigreat greatly break ireal idea theatreeei:

18、sleep freely weed steel degree eariappear clear near hear dear ear heart a:heard learn earn early searchewear bear swear pear eiireceive seize ceiling ewju:few new newssewu在l,r后u:blew flew threw drew ereethere wherehere iey重读音节eigrey hey obey key i:非重读音节imonkey donkey eigheiweight eight eightyiiei:p

19、iece thief field chief dietaiquietaiailie tie dieireaiwire inspire hire tire ighairight fight night high bright light ooauloaf road soap coat boat broad: abroad:oiivoice noise point choice oyitoy boy joy joyfuloo在其他字母前u:roof choose school shoot woolufootu在k,t,d 前utook look cook stood wood good foodu

20、:flood blood oor:floor door pooruouaupound rouse mountain trousers ground thousand shoulderusoulucouple cousin double country touch trouble u:route group routine soupucould should would ough:fought bought brought thought thoughuplough aucough fthroughu:thoroughenough fowaudown brown flower knowledge

21、ubowl sow window row owner low show throw growuure重读音节usure surely 非重读音节:pleasure 单词辨音练习 1.A.paid B.said C.afraid D.rain 2.A.break B.breakfast C.bread D.dead 3.A.talk B.walk C.chalk D.salt 4.A.speak B.real C.seat D.easy 5.A.start B.warm C.harvest D.pardon 6.A.touch B.round C.loud D.shout 7.A.enoughB

22、.laugh C.daughter D.enough 8.A.eighth B.both C.thought D.through 9.A.choose B.cool C.tooth D.cook 10.A.hear B.near C.early D.dear 11.A.whileB.whomC.when D.white 12.A.lie B.die C.quiet D.tie 13.A.catch B.chalk C.Christmas D.each 14.A.change B.exam C.famous D.strange 15.A.eleven B.retell C.eve D.relay

23、 16.A.mirror B.history C.bridge D.beautiful 17.A.smoke B.chose C.none D.motor 18.A.push B.luck C.sugar D.pull 19.A.horse B.order C.corner D.worse 20.A.season B.feather C.pleasure D.instead 21.A.sound B.mountain C.country D.shout 22.A.choose B.football C.noodleD.school 23.A.saved B.rushed C.kicked D.

24、danced 二、 辅音字母及组合的发音辅音字母及组合读音例词备注b/b/ book ,big,bag, boxbleblable,table,possible,c/k/ cat cake cup clock car 在 a,o,u 前/s/Face nice pencil bicycle 在 I,e,y 前d/d/ Desk doll dog dadf/f/ fine friend fly foot fang/ goose , glass , egg , girlge/d/ Age, orange , village , messageh/h/ hat ,he , house , handj

25、/d/ jeep , jacket, juice, Jimk/k/ kite cake black thankl/l/ Leg left ruler flag lamp /l/ Apple, bowl, tell ,old注意本读音在l后面没有元音与之相拼读时发m/m/ Am, map, my, mouth ,milkn/n/ no know new hand ten /Thank think thing uncle , swing, singern 在k 前或ng组合发音genglish, england, language,p/p/ Map , jeep, pig, pen, appleq

26、(u)/kw / quiet quilt queenr/r/ red radio brother rides /s/ sit miss this smile books /z/ nose those rose rulerssure / / Measure, pleasuret/t/ it sit not that tablev/v / five vest very sevenw/w/ we window watch wantx/ks / boxsixfox taxi在词尾,或在清辅音之前/z / exam example exact在两个元音之间,而重音在后一个元音上时y/ j / yes,y

27、ellow,your z/ z /zoo ,zebra ch/t/ Child, chair, catch ,watch, chain, chicken peach 例外 Machine/ k / school charismas stomach chemistryck: kquickly,cock,back,pick.clekl uncle,circle,bicycle,dged3bridge,judge,knowledge,ts/ts/ jacketskitesghf (在词尾时)laugh,cough,enough不发音light,thought,caughtgnnsign,design

28、,campaign,knnknow,knife,knee,knit,ph fphoto,telephone,physics.pleplapple,people,example.ds/dz/ birdsfriends tr/tr/ tree train truckdr/dr/ dress driverth/ thankmouth / this that withshfish,she,wash,sheep,sion3nconclusion,decision ,visionssionnexpression, discussion,tionnnation,station,dictionary/tn/Q

29、uestion whwwhen,white,wheat,where, h在o之前who,whose,whole,whom,wr/r/write,wrong,wrist,turetpicture, nature, mixture,tch:tcatch,watch,kitehen,ed/ t /looked , hoped ,jumped ,watched 清辅音后,口诀:-清读清/ d /cleaned , answered浊辅音、元音后,浊读浊,元音也读浊/ id /started ,decidedt, d之后-s,-esMaps, cakes ,cooks 清辅音后读作/s/例外:mouth

30、s /mau z/houses/hauziz/ months/ mns/z /Bananas, dogs浊、元音后读/ iz /Classes, bridges, washes,watches 五音之后 (五音指 /s/、/z/、/ /、/ d / t/ 强化练习 语音练习题 1 . My father read an interesting book last night. The underlined part in the word “read” is pronounced as_. A. ./rId/ B. /red/ C. /reId/ D. /r i:d/2 The underli

31、ned part in the word “heard” is pronounced as _. A. / i / B. / : /C. / / D. / u / 3 The underlined part in the word “ suggestion” is pronounced as _ .A./ n / B. / tn /C. / tn /D. / t:n / 4 The underlined part in the word “meant” is pronounced as _.A. /i / B. /i:/ C. /e/ D. /ei/ 5 Which of the follow

32、ing phonetic transcription is right for the word “natural”? A. /ei/ B.e C. /3/ D. / 6 The underlined part in the word “welcome” is pronounced as _.A. B. u C. D. 7 The underlined part in the word “Monday” is pronounced as_. A./ei/ B. /i/ C./e/ D. /i:/8 The underlined part in the word “watches” is pro

33、nounced as _. A. zB. s C. iz D. is9 Which of the underlined part that pronounces differently from the other three? A. sail B. remainC. said D. raise10 The underlined part in the word “written” is pronounced as_. A. /aI/ B. /I/ C./e/ D./ eI/11 The underlined part in the word “physics” is pronounced a

34、s . A. /ziks/ B. /siks/ C. /ziks/ D. /sikz/12 The underlined part in the word “fitted” is pronounced as _.A./ d/ B./ Id/ C. /t / D. /t Id/ 13 The underlined part of the word “passed” is pronounced as . A. /t/ B. /d/ C. /id/ D. /it/14 The underline part in the word “photograph” is pronounced as _. A.

35、 / f / B. /p/ C. / h/ D. /15 The underlined part in the word“escapes” is pronounced as . A. /s/ B. /z/ C. /is/ D /iz/16 The underlined part in the word “fisherman” is pronounced as_. A. / B. / C. /e/ D. / /17 The underlined part of _ has a different pronunciation from the others. A. secret B. biscuit C. court D. exciting 18 Which underlined part is different from the others in pronounciation? A. below B.

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