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1、精品文档，仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除medicinal药品,药物, 药的,药用的 be split into 分成，分为pharmaceutical药学的，制药的，药品 starting materialsynthetic, 合成的，人造的，；synthetics化学合成品, synthesis合成(法), semisynthetic, synthesize, syntheses alkaloid生物硷 lead structure 先导结构 intermediate 中间体isolation 分离 natural source 天然来源enzyme 酶 heart glycosi
2、de 强心苷steroid甾体 precursor 前体 organ/target organ 靶器官 peptide hormone激素 insulinpancreas vaccine polysaccharide serumcholesterol胆固醇 amino acid gelatine hydrolysis水解/hydrolysate水解产物/hydrolyze水解hydroxylation antibiotic 抗生素，抗菌的 antibody interferon 干扰素 fermentation 发酵 dextran 葡聚糖 blactam natural productthe
3、rapy/therapeutic治疗的/therapeutic margincaffeine咖啡因 yeast microbiological mutant microorganism geneticmould high performancebacterial proteinmucous membrane metabolism新陈代谢 metabolite代谢物plasma血浆 molecule /molecular weight food additive organic lactic acid乳酸 citric acid 柠檬酸penicillin penicilliumtetracyc
4、line derivative衍生物contamination污染 sterile无菌的 aerobic oxygencarbon dioxide carbohydratestarch saccharide/ polysaccharide glucose葡萄糖 nitrogen ureaPhosphate optimalammonium sulfate ammoniaseparate filtrateabsorption extractionrecombinant encodepurification chromatographic procedure calcium regiospecifi
5、c reaction区域专一性反应 stereospecific reaction立体专一性反应isomerization/isomeric fructosecountless test diagnose diagnostic analysis/ analyst/ analytical/ analyze proteaseIngredient in combination withDigestion enymatic cleavageBy means of fumaric acidBindimmobilize racemate /racemicacetyl heterogeneous catal
6、ysis medium ester synthetic routeregistration compoundOrganometallic pyridinearomatic toluene xylene phenolrecrystallization/crystal methanol/ethanolacetone ethyl acetatebenzene/ chlorobenzene diethyl ethersodium hydroxide hydrochloric acidsulfuric acid nitric acidacetic acid potassium carbonatechlo
7、rine/ chloride iodine/iodide fluorine/ fluoride bromine/bromide impurity quality certificateGMP in large amount facilityInspection analogousHygienic be subjected to administer/administration biologic responsebiologic membrane to a large extent penetration spatial arrangementpharmacologic stereochemi
8、strythree-dimensional structure lipidstructure-activity relationship stericcorrelation parameterpartition coefficient distribution fuctionconformation extraction optical isomerism/optical isomer enantiomorphic/ enantiomorph by no means tartaric acidManually magnificationdrug design polarized light d
9、extrorotatory levorotatory Clokwise countclockwise Antipode nonsuperimposable mirror imageCoincide with glyceraldehydeAbsolute literatureconfiguration crystallography asymmetric center access isomeric enantiomerdiastereoisomer atomic number Priority magnification solubility spatial sequence in vivo/
10、in vitro receptor intravenous injection静脉注射 be susceptible to敏感的With respect to contractSubstrate epoxidationcarcinogen oxidation /oxidase preparation predominant species complex dehydrase/dehydrogenase/decarboxylase/hydrolytic enzymes/isomerase/permeaseCholine one out of every ten 十分之一clinical 临床的
11、interactionexcrete/excretion inversionCoordination Delay Efficacy in place相称的，合适的 entity drug developmentattrition toxicity/toxic/ toxicology/Anti-infectives Healthcarerepro-toxicology/genotoxicity drug candidate indication pharmacokinetics adverse profileformulary/formulation/formulor onsetdose/onc
12、e a day dosing dosage/dosage form/overdosageregulatory interdependent subacute亚急性的/chronic clinical/preclinical vital optimum/ optimize impurity pilot plantcritical path criteriaupdate in paralleladequate stabilitypotency dermal cardiovascular心血管的respiratory nervousconcurrently labelsynergies 协同作用 a
13、ntagonize reversible/irreversible permissible lifespan disease tumour inhaler capsule rodent foetal teratology exposure patch set-up hazardOn a large scale shelf-lifetannin caffeine In common vacuum fitrationhomogeneous gallic acid hydroxyl group esterify phenolic precipitate non-hydrolyzable carbox
14、yl group acidic calcium carbonate chloroform flavonoid distillation sublimation salicylic acid three neck round bottom flask separatory funnel steam bath distillation flask beaker rinse ozoneice water bath condenserheparin digestion Aside from fall into Provide for as with Cation compendial Batch to
15、 batchcoagulation clot decolorize anticoagulant precipitation methodology extraneous intestinal mucosa casing nitrate proteolytic degrade/ degradation peroxide antithrombin thrombin platelet aggregation intratracheal parenteral topical comatose relegate tablet syrup suspension emulsion versus breaka
16、ge leakage chip cracktaste masking expiration Even partially portableAdsorbent be free of / be free from Preference 偏爱 otherwise ad. 另外，别样Burden 负担，负重， on standing 搁置microbiologic preservation dispense bioavailability systemic effects self-administration of medication motion sickness medical emergen
17、cy sterile ophthalmic irrigate mucousabrade Viable 能生长发育的，生存的 Mucous menbraneBody compartment 体室，体腔 Body cavityCircumvent 围绕，包围，智胜，防止发生，迂回 Exceptionally 特殊地，异常地Wound受伤 Vessel 管，脉管Specialized 专业的，专业性的 By far 非常，更加Monograph专题文章，专题论文 Stringent 严格的，严厉的Inclusive 范围广的 Gravimetric 重量分析法的Electrolytic 电介质的，电
18、解的 Conductivity 电导率Conductance 电导，电导性 Immerse 将浸入Electrode 电极 Specific 比的Resistance Withstand 经受得住Stress 恶劣的 Redictable 可预报的Reproducible 可重现的 Necessary 必然的Solubilizers 加溶剂 Chelate 螯合Excipient 赋型剂 Ingredient 配料Medicinal agent Dispense 使分散，使疏开，配方（药）Ingenuity 独创性，精明 Formulator Meager 贫乏的 Continuance 持续
19、pellet vehicle gravimetric instantaneous osmosis dissociate pyrogen antioxidant buffer tonicityantifungal inhibitor antifoaming colligative extemporaneous specification preparation optimize accumulation availability delivery/ deliver peroral release sustain gastrointestinal predefine cavity margin i
20、onic/ion simulate distinctly efficacy paddle intestinal interval a steady-state blood or tissue level elimination blood vessel electrode/electrolytic conductivity/conductance resistance excipient thermal viable disintegration residence time accomplish maximum/maximize potentiate prescribe uniformity
21、compliance specificationphysiologic agitationIn the face of 面临 Fluctuation 波动 Deliberate 深思熟虑的 Peroral 经口的Depot 仓库 Repository 仓库Sustained release， Sustained action，prolonged action， controlled release，extended action， timed release，repository dosage forms Implicit固有的 peak 峰 dump maintenance dose mai
22、ntenance period methane, ethane, Propane, butane/tetrane, pentaneethylene, Propylene/propene, butylene, 1-pentenemethanol,ethanol/ethyl alcohol, Propanol/ propyl alcohol, Butanol/Butyl alcohol,1-pentanolcalibrate aseptic stoichiometry replenishment tubular product yields circulate atomize discrete r
23、eactant material transfer regeneration reactant conversion deviate from viscosity exothermic endothermic short-circuiting 短路 laminar flow adiabatic radial product yields well-stirred batch reactor reactor configuration semibatch reactor continous-flow stirred-tank reactor back-mixing返混 cross-section
24、 pressue drop countercurrent packed-column rate-limiting step fluidized or fluid bed tubular reactor tubular plug-flow reactor batch operation turbulent trickle bed multiplicity in series 逐次的，串联的 feed Crossflow 错流，横向流Panelbed 板式床 reaction driving froces 反应驱动力Chainterminating Hydraulic 水力学的mechanical
25、 seal 机械密封 viscous 粘滞的Be prone to 倾向于, 易于【精品文档】第 11 页中药traditional Chinese drug生药crude drug草药medicinal herb民族药ethnic drug地产药材native drug道地药材famous-region drug中成药Chinese patent medicine海洋生药学marine pharmacognosy药用植物学medicinal botany植物化学phytochemistry植物化学分类学plant chemotaxonomy生药拉丁名Latin name of crude d
26、rug学名scientific name来源source混淆品adulterant类同品allied drug伪品counterfeit drug代用品substitute掺伪adulteration天然产物natural product化学成分chemical constituent有效成分effective constituent主成分main constituent活性成分active constituent莽草酸途径shikimic acid pathway乙酸一丙二酸途径acetate-malonate pathway乙酸- 甲瓦龙酸途径acetate-mevalonate path
27、way单糖monosaccharide戊糖pentose己精hexose庚糖heptose辛糖octose脱氧糖deoxysaccharide, deoxysugar呋喃糖furanose吡喃糖pyranose寡糖oligosaccharide二糖disaccharide三糖trisaccharide四糖tetrasaccharide五糖pentosacc haride多糖polysaccharide淀粉starch树胶gum果胶pectin半纤维素hemicellulose纤维素cellulose甲壳质chitin肝素heparin硫酸软骨素chondroitin sulfate玻璃酸hyaluronic acid直链淀粉amylose支链淀粉amylopectin糖原glycogen费林试验Fehling test