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1、精品文档，仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除一、Place a “T” before sentences that are true and an “F” before those that are false ( F )1、The treatments that alter the surfaces including hardening treatments, high-energy processes and special treatments.( F )2、The lathe bed is the main frame, involved a horizontal beam on
2、 two vertical supports. It is usually made of grey or nodular cast iron to damp vibrations and is made by casting. ( )3、In spite of that diversity of lathe-type machine tools, they all have common features with respect to construction and principle of operation. ( )4、Nitriding is somewhat similar to
3、 ordinary case hardening, but it uses a different material and treatment to create the hard surface constituents. ( F )5、The lathe is often called the father of the entire machine family.( F )6、Jigs and fixtures are just the same which is used to lacate and clamp a workpiece.( )7、Milling machine can
4、 not be used to produce a hole.( )8、The dividing head is a device used to divide the diameter of a piece of workpiece into any number of equal parts.( F )9、The parts program was now run from the computers menmory instead of from a tape that had to be rewound.( F )10、In FMS, the production of part is
5、 controlled with the aid of a central computer.( F )11、An HSS tool is usually made in the form of a single piece, contrary to cemented carbides or ceramic, which are made in the form of tips. The latter is brazed or mechanically fastened to steel shanks( F )12、Cutoff tools, which are sometimes calle
6、d parting tools, serves to separate the workpiece into parts and/or machine external annular grooves.( )13、Some of the useful properties of ceramics and glasses include high melting temperature, low density, high strength, stiffness, hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance. ( )14、Hardeni
7、ng is the process of heating a piece of steel to a temperature within or above its critical range and then cooling it rapidly. ( )15、The primary purpose of annealing is to soften hard steel so that it may be machined or cold worked( F )16、The major influence on surface finish are exerted by the feed
8、 rate and cutting speed. As the feed decreases, from the above equations, we can see that the roughness index decreases. ( )17、The continuous chip is characterized by a general flow of the separated metal along the tool face. There may be some cracking of the chip, but in this case it usually does n
9、ot extend far enough to cause fracture.( )18、The lathe bed is the main frame, involving a horizontal beam on two vertical supports. It is usually made of grey or nodular cast iron to damp vibrations and is made by casting. ( )19、The carriage can be moved either manually or mechanically by means of t
10、he apron and either the feed rod or the lead screw.( F )20、There is a wide variety of milling cutter shapes. Each of them are designed to perform effectively a specific milling operation.二、Translation (1) Translate the following words into English1、平面铣刀： Plain milling cutter 2、磨削： Grinding 3、主轴箱: He
11、adstock 4、自动车床: Automatic lathes 5、基轴制: a shaft-basis system 6、麻花钻： twist drill 7、逆铣: up milling 8、螺栓： bolt 9、计算机辅助工艺：Computer Aided Process Planning 10、齿轮： gear 11、塑性变形：Plastic deformation 12、纤维加强型复合材料：Fiber-reinforced composites 13、退火：Annealing 14、回火：Tempering 15、前角： Rake angle 16、进给率： Feed rate 1
12、7、表面光洁度：Surface Finish 18、成形刀具：Form tools 19、端面车削： Facing 20、锥面车削： Taper turning(2) Translate the following words into Chinese1、Hardening：淬火 2、clearance fits：间隙配合 3、Taper turning：锥面车削 4、twist drill：麻花钻 5、Dimensioning：标注尺寸 6、Form milling cutter：成形铣刀 7、Computer Aided Manufacturing：计算机辅助制造 8、Computer N
13、umerical Control：计算机数值控制 9、automatic tool changer：自动换刀装置 10、index head：分度头 11、Carbonitriding：碳氮共渗 12、Clearance angle：后角 13、Discontinuous Chip：间断切屑 14、Down milling：顺铣 15、T-slot cutter： T型槽铣刀 16、Tailstock 尾架 17、Computer Aided Engineering ：计算机辅助工程 18、Numercical Control：数字控制 19、Core drills：空心钻20、Thread
14、cutting：螺纹切削三、Translate the following texts into English 1、主轴箱：主轴箱固定在车床床身的左侧，它包括轴线平行于导轨的主轴。主轴通过装在主轴箱内的齿轮箱驱动。Headstock：The headstock is fixed at the left hand side of the lathe bed and includes the spindle whose axis is parallel to the guideways (the slide surface of the bed). The spindle is driven t
15、hrough the gearbox, which is housed within the headstock. 2、合金是由一种以上金属组成的混合物。加一些其它金属能影响密度、强度、断裂韧性、塑性变形、导电性以及环境侵蚀。 Alloys are compounds consisting of more than one metal. Adding other metals can affect the density, strength, fracture toughness, plastic deformation, electrical conductivity and environ
16、mental degradation. 3、碳氮共渗，有时也称为干法氰化或渗碳氮化，是一种表面硬化工艺。通过把钢放在高于临界温度的气体中，让它吸收碳和氮。Carbonitriding, sometimes known as dry cyaniding or nicarbing, is a case-hardening process in which the steel is held at a temperature above the critical range in a gaseous atmosphere from which it absorbs carbon and nitrog
17、en.4、材料可以按多种方法分类。科学家常根据状态将材料分为：固体、液体或气体。他们也把材料分为有机材料(曾经有生命的)和无机材料(从未有生命的)。 Materials may be grouped in several ways. Scientists often classify materials by their state: solid, liquid, or gas. They also separate them into organic (once living) and inorganic (never living) materials.5、连续切屑：连续的切屑一般具有分离
18、金属沿刀具面流动的特征。切屑可能有一些破裂，但在这种情况下切屑通常不会延长到足以引起断裂。Continuous chip. The continuous chip is characterized by a general flow of the separated metal along the tool face. There may be some cracking of the chip, but in this case it usually does not extend far enough to cause fracture.6、大拖板：大拖板的主要功能是安装刀具和产生纵向和/
19、或横向进给。它实际上是一由车床床身V形导轨引导的、能在车床床身主轴箱和尾架之间滑动的H形滑块。The carriage：The main function of the carriage is mounting of the cutting tools and generating longitudinal and/or cross feeds. It is actually an H-shaped block that slides on the lathe bed between the headstock and tailstock while being guided by the V
20、-shaped guideways of the bed. 四、Translate the following texts into Chinese 1、In this process, metal removal is achieved through combining the rotary motion of the milling cutter and linear motions of the workpiece simultaneously. Milling operations are employed in producing flat, contoured and helic
21、al surfaces as well as for thread- and gear-cutting operation.在铣削工艺中，金属去除是通过铣刀的旋转运动和工件的直线运动的组合实现的。铣削作业既可用于生成平面、轮廓面和螺旋面，也可用于切削螺纹和齿轮。2、If a shaft, size 1.498-0.003, is to fit a hole of size 1.500+0.003, the minimum size hole is 1.500 and the maximum size shaft is 1.498. Thus the allowance is 0.002 and
22、 the maximum clearance is 0.008 as based on the minimum shaft size and maximum hole dimension. 如果一根尺寸为1.498-0.003的轴与尺寸为1.500+0.003的孔配合，孔的最小尺寸为1.500而轴的最大尺寸为1.498。这样允差就是0.002，而由最小轴尺寸和最大孔尺寸形成的最大间隙为0.008。3、The metal in front of the tool rake face gets immediately compressed, first elastically and then p
23、lastically. This zone is traditionally called shear zone in view of fact that the material in the final form would be removed by shear from the parent metal. 在刀具前倾面前的金属直接受到压缩，首先弹性变形然后塑性变形。考虑到最终形状中的材料是通过剪切从母体金属去除的，此区域传统上称为剪切区。4、Drilling operations can be carried out by using either hand drills or dri
24、lling machines. The latter differ in size and construction. Nevertheless, the tool always rotates around its axis while the workpiece is kept firmly fixed. This is contrary to drilling on a lathe. 钻削作业既能采用手钻也能采用钻床来实现。钻床在尺寸和结构上虽有差别，然而始终都是切削刀具围绕自身轴线旋转、工件稳固定位的形式。这正好与在车床上钻孔相反。5、The manner of placing tol
25、erances on drawings depends somewhat on the kind of product or type of manufacturing process. If the tolerance on a dimension is not specifically stated, the drawing should contain a blanket note which gives the value of the tolerance for such dimensions.在图纸上标注公差的方法相当程度上依赖于产品的性质或制造工艺的类型。如果尺寸公差没有特别注明
26、，图纸应该包含一个给出这些尺寸公差值的普遍适用注释。6、Since this chemical separation of the carbon component occurs entirely in the solid state, the resulting structure is a fine mechanical mixture of ferrite and cementite. Specimens prepared by polishing and etching in a weak solution of nitric acid and alcohol reveal the lamellar structure of alternating plates that forms on slow cooling. 由于这种碳成分的化学分离完全发生在固态中，产生的组织结构是一种细致的铁素体与渗碳体的机械混合物。通过打磨并在弱硝酸酒精溶液中蚀刻制备的样本显示出由缓慢冷却形成的交互层状的薄片结构。【精品文档】第 3 页