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1、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date考研阅读分类词汇记忆考研阅读分类词汇记忆1 经济类active trade balance贸易顺差adverse trade balance贸易逆差appropriate拨款auditor审计员。查帐员balance sheet资产负债表bargain减价出售的商品，便宜货hoard 0f directors董事会bond债券bottom line盈亏表brisk(生
2、意)兴隆bubble economy泡沫经济budget预算business restructuring商业重组capital资本cargo manifest货物清单commodities fair商品展销会confiscate没收corporation公司，股份有限公司counteroffer还价creditor债权人customs海关dealer商人，贩子，证券经纪人deficit赤字，亏空deflationary policy紧缩银根政策demands and supplies供需depreciation贬值depression经济萧条期divided红利股利domestic marke
3、t国内市场duty-free免税economic decline经济衰退economic fluctuation经济波动economic recovery经济复苏economic stability经济稳定economic strategy经济战略economist经济学家enterprise in the red亏损企业entrepreneur企业家，中间商executive director常务董事exportoriented economy外向型经济fake and poor quality commodities假冒伪劣产品fierce competition激烈的竞争fluctuat
4、ion波动GDP国内生产总值GNP(gross national product)国民生产总值head office总部human resources人力资源income tax所得税inflation通货膨胀installment分期付款interest rate利率investment投资，投资额invoice发票labor and management劳资双方labor force劳动力large scale development of West China大规模的西部开发levy征(税)limited liability company有限责任公司macroeconomics宏观经济
5、学market-oriented economy市场经济market research市场调研merger合并公司monetary货币的monopoly垄断mortgage抵押抵押货款most-favored nation treatment最惠国待遇multinational多国经营的，跨国经营的multinational corporations跨国公司negotiation谈判；洽谈patent system专利制度patron老主顾planned economy计划经济potential market市场潜力price hike物价上涨principal本金Private enterp
6、rise私人企业Private property私人财产productivity生产率productivity revolution生产力革命profitable赢利的promotion促销property tax财产税public funding公共基金recession衰退reckoning结账retail零售revenue财政收入，税收security证券self-raised funds自筹资金slack不景气smuggle走私social security社会保障(制度)soft investment environment投资软环境speculation投机倒把,思考、思索staf
7、f members职员stagnant(经济)停滞，不发展stamp duty印花税statistical统计的stock现货，股票。公债stockbroker股票，证券经纪人stock holder股东；股票持有人strategic战略的surplus赢余tariff(进口)关税tax break税额优惠taxpayer纳税人teller(=cashier)出纳员trade、rind贸易风transaction交易；买卖trust信托wholesale批发2 科普类access time存取时间anti-virus programs杀毒软件assembler汇编程序bar code条形码be
8、eper传呼机buffer storage缓冲存储器call instruction呼叫指令cellular手机Comsat 通讯卫星cordless telephone无绳电话cursor光标cyber crimes网上犯罪cyberspace电脑空间，网络世界desktop台式计算机digital television数字电视electronic control电子控制electronic hearing aid电子助听器encryption加密fast-forward(放录像带等时的快进)fiber optic technology光纤技术firewall防火墙flat panel di
9、splay平板显示技术floppy disk软盘genetic engineering基因工程hacker黑客identifier标识符intelligent system智能系统intranet内联网IT-industry信息产业know-how(技术)诀窍laser激光long-distance educational system远程教育系统microprocessor微处理机minicomputer小型计算机modem调制解调器multimedia多媒体multimedia learning system多媒体学习系统netsurfed网虫on-1ine service网上服务palm
10、top(：PDA)掌上电脑passwordPIN(：personal identification number)密码portable便携式计算机snooper窥探者software package软件包solar collector太阳能收集器terminal终端设备video camera摄像机videodisc影碟workstation计算机工作站Xerox 复印Y2k-bug千年虫zip-code邮政编码3 医学与健康类abortion人工流产acupuncture针刺医疗法amnesia(医)记忆缺失，遗忘(症)anatomical解剖学的；解剖的anesthetic麻醉剂anti-
11、aging抗衰老antibiotic抗生素antibody抗体antidote解毒药antitumor drug抗肿瘤药；抗癌药antiviral抗病毒药arthritis关节炎asthma气喘，哮喘asylum精神病院bacteria缅菌biomedical生物医学的carcinogen致癌物cell membrane细胞膜cellular细胞的，由细胞组成的cellulose纤维素Centers for Disease Control疾病控制中心cholera霍乱cholesterol胆固醇chromosome染色体clinical临床的clone无性繁殖系，克隆coma昏厥contagi
12、on接触传染comea眼角膜dehydrate(使)脱水diagnose诊断diarrhea泻肚enzyme酶epidemic流行病euthanasia安乐死excretion排泄，排泄物gene mutation(基因)突变gene pool基因库genetic engineering基因工程genomic染色体的glucose葡萄糖healthy Diet Pyramid呈金字塔状的健康饮食heart attack心力衰竭，心脏病发作heterosexual异性恋的HIVpositive艾滋病测试阳性homosexual同性恋的hormone激素hygiene卫生，卫生学hypertens
13、ion高血压hypnosis催眠术1CU(Intensive Care Unit)重症监护室immunize获得免疫力incidence发病率inflammation炎症inoculation接种，预防注射insane精神病患者的，精神病的insomnia失眠(症)latency period潜伏期leukemia白血病malaria疟疾malignant恶性measles麻疹medication添加药物，药物治疗metabolism新陈代谢mother-to-fetus transmission母婴传播multiply繁殖mutate变异突变nauseate呕吐neurological神经病
14、学的obesity过度肥胖，肥大ointment药膏organ transplanting器官移植paralysis瘫痪physician内科医生plague鼠疫。瘟疫potency药力prescription药方，处方(的药)preventive预防性的psychiatrist精神病医生rehabilitation康复，恢复remedy疗法removal切除rheumatoid风湿的；类风湿(性)的sedative镇静剂self-medication自我药疗stroke中风suspected case疑似病例surgery外科手术symptom症状syndrome综合病症taint影响，腐化
15、，使感染TCM (traditional Chinese medicine)中医therapy治疗，疗法toxicologist毒物学家；毒理学家vaccine疫苗vein静脉l veterinary疾病的，兽医的1 water soluble vitamins水溶性维生素4 政治与法律类accusation控告acquit宣判无罪amend修正amnesty特赦appeal上诉apprehend拘押，逮捕arbitration仲裁，调停armed conflicts武装冲突attorney律师authorize授权autonomous自治的bilateral talks双边会淡civil l
16、aw民法code法规，法典confinement关押，禁闭congressman国会议员conspiracy阴谋constitution宪法consul领事convict宣判有罪court法院court of appeal中级法院custody拘留criminal law刑法decree法令defendant被告defender辩护人defuse缓合，平息despot独裁者disarmament解除武装enforce实施，使生效established international practice国际惯例federal government联邦政府hierarchy等级制度humanitaria
17、n aid人道主义援助illicit非法的indemnity赔偿institution制度intellectual propertyright知识产权interim government过渡政府joint declaration联合声明judicial司法的judiciary司法部jury陪审团lawsuit诉讼legal liability法律义务legislation立法legislative立法的legislature立法机构legitimate合法的litigant诉讼当事人litigation诉讼municipal市政的offense犯罪parliament议会pending未决的p
18、etition请愿plaintiff(民事)原告plead申诉，辩护probation缓刑察看public prosecutor检查官reconciliation和解repatriate遣返Representative众议院议员ruling(法官等)裁定secretary部长senate参议院senator参议员sovereignty主权statute成文法stipulation条文，规定subpoena传票suit起诉suitor(刑事)原告summit meeting首脑会议峰会terrorist attack恐怖袭击terrorist organizations恐怖组织The Capit
19、ol国会大厦the House of Representative下议院The Pentagon国防大楼the Senate上议院undersecretary次长usurpation篡夺verdict(陪审团)裁定violation违犯5 生态类acid rain酸雨forestation植树造林algae梅藻amphibian两栖类的，两栖动物balance of nature生态平衡bio-diversity生物多样性biosphere生物圈CFCs氟利昂decibel分贝deforestation采伐森林desertification土地沙漠化domestic sewage生活污水eco
20、cide生态灭绝eco-friendly良好的环境eco-label生态标志ecological condition生态环境ecologist生态学家ecology生态学对环境的科学研究ecosystem生态系，生态系统eco-tourist生态旅游；生态旅游业effluent流出物，排除物environmentalist环境工作者；环境问题专家fauna动物群flora植物群fumes有毒的废气global warming全球变暖green groups绿色环保组织greenhouse effect温室效应infrared radiation红外线辐射mammal哺乳动物noxious有毒的
21、nucleic acid(生物)核酸ozone hole臭氧洞ozone layer臭氧层photosynthesis光合作用plankton(总称)浮游动物p0Ilufion index污染指数polymer聚合物refuse垃圾、废物sewage污水sewage disposal污水处理sewage plant污水处理厂sewage purification污水净化soil pollution土壤污染solid waste固体垃圾stratosphere同温层ultraviolet radiation紫外线辐射wipe out a species物种灭绝 6 大众传媒类audience r
22、ating收视率；收听率bill海报billboard告示牌，广告牌Braille盲字，点字法brochure小册子bulletin公告；简明新闻carry刊登cast演员表censorship审查circular供传阅的函件或通知closed-circuit TV闭路电视column专栏condensation缩写本coverage新闻报道disseminate传播documentary新闻片feature新闻特写free-lance writer自由撰稿人headline新闻标题highlights and sidelights要闻与花絮illustration插图infringement
23、侵犯journal刊物leaflet传单live现场直播neon霓虹灯广告on location现场拍摄pictorial画报poster标语牌，布告practitioner开业者，从业者press新闻界projector放映机propagate宣传publication出版publishing house出版社re1ay转播royalty稿费，版税shot拍摄studio摄影棚subscribe订阅人western西部电影 7 天文地理类aeronautics航空学，航空术alien外星人astrology占星学astronomer天文学家atmospheric大气的，空气的aviation
24、航空，航空学，航空工业celestial天的，天体的celestial sphere天球cluster星团cold front冷锋comet彗星constellation星座cosmic radiation宇宙辐射cosmic rays宇宙射线cosmology字宙学orb 星球,天体cosmos 宇宙cosmography 宇宙结构学cosmogony 宇宙起源学cosmology 宇宙论earth 地球orbit 轨道equator 赤道sphere 天体,球面globe 球space 空间sky 天vault of heaven, celestial vault 天穹heavenly b
25、ody 天体planet 行星planetary 行星的geology 地理学oceanography 海洋学meteorology 气象学hydroaraphy 水文学continent 大陆drifting plates漂流版块relief 地形,地貌distributaries 分流swamp, marsh 沼泽dune沙丘eclipse (日，月)食equator (地球)赤道glacier冰河hurricane飓风inflationary universe theory宇宙膨胀理论inter-planetary communication星际交通Jupiter木星latitude纬度
26、launch发射launch pad发射台longitude经度lunar月球的lunar eclipse月蚀Mars火星Mercury水星meteor流星meteorolite 陨石meteor shower流星雨monsoon季风multistage rocket多级火箭Neptune海王星orbit环绕(天体的)轨道运行peninsula半岛phase月相planet行星planetary行星的planetoid小行星plateau高原Pluto冥王星radiating辐射的reef暗礁satellite卫星solar corona日冕solar prominence日珥solar ra
27、diation宇宙辐射solar system太阳系space exploration外层空间探索space shuttle航天飞机space suit宇航服，航天服stellar星球的Tropic of CancerCapricorn北/南回归线Uranus天王星Venus金星Volcanic火山的Watchdog管理人员 8 艺术类abstract painting抽象画art decor艺术装饰baton指挥棒break dance霹雳舞0elb大提琴chant吟唱chord合唱，合唱曲composer作曲者，作曲家concerto协奏曲conductor指挥conservatory音乐
28、学校flute长笛folk music民间音乐gong锣harmonica口鬈harp竖琴horn号impressionism印象派instrument(精密)乐器lyric歌词melody旋律，曲调musical音乐喜剧musical notation乐谱orchestra管弦乐队overture前奏曲pipe organ管风琴playwright剧作家prelude序曲premiere首演producer演出者properties舞台道具rap music快板音乐，快板歌recital独奏会独唱会refrain(歌曲中的)叠歌，副歌rehearsal排演Renaissance文艺复兴rep
29、roduction复制saxophone萨克斯管scale音阶score总谱；(总谱中的)乐曲sculpture雕刻，雕塑sonata奏鸣曲symphony交响乐，交响曲synthesizer合成器，音响合成器tempo节奏theatricals戏剧trumpet喇叭whistle口哨wind管乐器 9 宗教类Allah真主，安拉altar圣坛，祭坛apartheid南非的种族隔离apostle信徒atheist无神论者Catholic天主教徒Catholicism天主教Christianity基督教convert改变信仰；皈依cult疯狂地崇拜，膜拜deity(=god)神fast斋戒；禁食
30、gospel福音heresy异端邪说hierarchy阶层，等级incarnate化身Judaism犹太教Koran可兰经minister牧师missionary传教士pagan异教徒的，无宗教信仰的pious虔诚的pope教皇，罗马主教preach布道，说教preacher传道士，牧师Protestant新教徒resurrection(耶稣)复活scripture经文，圣典service礼拜式superstition迷信taboo禁忌 10 体育运动类professional 职业运动员amateur 业余运动员,爱好者enthusiast, fan 迷,爱好者favourite 可望取胜者
31、 (美作:favorite)outsider 无取胜希望者championship 冠军赛,锦标赛champion 冠军record 纪录record holder 纪录创造者stadium 运动场track 跑道ring 圈ground, field 场地pitch (足球、橄榄球)场地court 网球场a11-round champion全能冠军backhand(网球等运动中)反手的backstroke仰泳balk line起跳线baton接力棒bid申办bodybuilding健美运动bowler投球手breaststroke蛙泳butterfly蝶泳cheering-section啦啦
32、队chief referee裁判长closing ceremony闭幕式COC(Chinese Olympic Committee)中国奥委会court(篮球、网球等的)场cross-country race越野赛draw平局dunk扣篮finals决赛floor exercise自由体操foul犯规freestyle自由泳Green Olympics绿色奥运gym(nasium)体育馆，健身房Hi-tech Olympics科技奥运host主办host country东道国in good form竞技状态好invitational tournament邀请赛IOC(International
33、 Olympic Committee)国际奥委会Jump the gun抢跑marathon马拉松赛跑natatorium游泳馆OCOG(Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games)奥运会组委会on your marks各就各位opening ceremony开幕式penalty kick点球physical culture and sports体育运动playing pool水球场racket网球拍rally连续对打rebound篮板球referees crease裁判区runner-up亚军seeded team种子队shot发球smash扣球sp
34、ectator观众sports circle体育界sportsmanship体育道德State Sports General Administration国家体育总局substitute替补synchronized swimming花样游泳the Peoples Olympic人文奥运track and field田径water polo水球11 食品类additive添加剂amino add氨基酸appetizer开胃食品barbecue烧烤bed curries牛肉咖喱beef steak牛排；鱼排beverage饮料broccoli西兰花buffet(meal)自助餐butter黄油ca
35、rbohydrate糖类cauliflower菜花convenience food方便食品diet日常饮食fortified wine加了酒精的葡萄酒French fries法式炸薯条fructose果糖glucose葡萄糖green foodstuff绿色食品ground beef绞牛肉；牛肉酱health food保健食品ketchup调味番茄酱!can meat瘦肉lettuce生菜malnourished营养不良maltose麦牙糖nutrition营养(成分)oatmeal燕麦片onion洋葱pasta意大利通心粉pasta dinner意大利面食pastry面点心Pepsi百事可乐
36、protein蛋白质recipe食谱；配方seaweed海藻soft drink不含酒精的饮料spice调味品sprite雪碧starch淀粉vegetable curry and rice蔬菜咖喱烩饭vegetarian素食主义者vitamin维生素yeast酵母yogurt酸奶 12 其他社会生活类accommodations膳宿baby boom生育高峰census人口普查charitable仁慈的，为慈善事业的civilized文明的，有礼的commit suicide自杀community社会divorce离婚drug abuse滥用毒品hospitality好客household家
37、庭的infrastructure基础设施metropolitan大城市的psychological心理学的questionnaire问卷调查religious宗教的social change社会变革social interrelationship社会关系social status社会地位教 育instruction, education 教育culture 文化primary education 初等教育secondary education 中等教育higher education 高等教育the three Rs 读、写、算school year 学年term, trimester 学季s
38、emester 学期school day 教学日school holidays 假期curriculum 课程subject 学科discipline 纪律timetable 课程表class, lesson 课exercise 练习dictation 听写 (short) course 短训班course (of study) 学业pupil 小学生auditor 旁听生grant, scholarship, fellowship 奖学金holder of a grant, scholar, fellow 奖学金获得者school uniform 校服professor 教授assistan
39、t 助教headmaster 校长 (女性为:headmistress)deputy headmaster, deputy head 副校长rector 校长laboratory assistant, lab assistant 实验员private tutor 私人教师,家庭教师of school age 教龄beginning of term 开学matriculation 注册to enroll, to enroll 予以注册to take lessons (学生)上课to learn by heart 记住,掌握to revise, to go over 复习test 考试convoc
40、ation notice 考试通知degree 学位graduate 毕业生doctor 博士competitive examination 答辩考试天气meteorology 气象学atmosphere 大气climate 气候elements 自然力量(风 、雨)temperature 气温to be warm, to be hot 天气热to be cold 天气冷season 季节spring 春summer 夏autumn 秋 (美作:fall)winter 冬frost 霜hail 冰雹snow 雪thunder 雷wind 风mist 雾cloud 云haze 霾rain 雨downpour, shower 暴雨storm, tempest 暴风雨lightning 闪电land wind 陆风hurricane 飓风cyclone 旋风typhoon 台风whirlwind 龙卷风gale 季节风gust of wind 阵风breeze 微风fog 浓雾dew 露水humidity 潮湿freeze 冰冻snowflake 雪花snowfall 降雪waterspout 水龙卷dead calm 风平浪静Indian summer 小阳春drought 干旱-