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1、2020年春人教新目标英语八年级下册Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?一. Key words:1. 名词n. 要求：请在可数名词前打“ ”，并在前加a或an，后加复数；闹钟_ 光亮_ 报道_ 地域_ 木头_ 窗户_ 火柴_ 手电筒_ 增加_ 段落_ 学生_ 暴风雨_沉默_ 日期_ 塔楼_ 实情_ 恐怖分子_2. 动词 v. 要求：第三人称单数，现在分词 和过去式；开玩笑，欺骗_-_-_ -_认识到，理解，理会_-_-_ -_敲击，打败_-_-_-_开 始_-_-_-_3. 形容词：adj. 冰冷的_ 惊愕的_ 奇怪的_睡着的
2、_ 倒下的，落下的_ 4. 副词 adv. 彻底地_ 最近_ 分开，分离_ 突然_ 大量，在很大程度上_5.介词：prep. 依，碰，撞，反对_二、重点短语：逐渐变弱，消失：die down逐渐模糊： die away相继死去： die off灭绝，消失： die out接电话，捡起：pick up接电话：answer the phone回电话：call sb. back宣布： call out等候，等待：wait for稍等片刻：wait a minute = wait a moment等着瞧: wait and see进入梦乡：fall asleep睡 着：be asleep去睡觉： go
3、 to sleep浏览: look through抬头看,查: look up盼望: look forward(s) to说实话：tell the truth老实说：to be honest最初，首先：at first起 初：at the beginning在的开始：at the beginning of停止呼吸： stop breathing停止正在做的事：stop doing sth.停下来去做另外的事：stop to do sth.整篇文章：the whole text= all the text沉默，无声：in silence保持沉默： keep in silent意味着: mean
4、to的含义是: the meaning of雨下得很大: rain heavily= rain hard闹钟）发出响声：go off炸毁，摧毁：take down在这天：on this day确信：make sure醒 来： wake up经过, 路过：walk by打牌：play a card game与搭配: match with吹走：blow away错过公车：miss the bus洗热水澡：take a hot shower突然来临：suddenly come跑回家： run back home把落在某地：leave sth. in/at.也：as well路边：by the sid
5、e of the road完全惊呆了：be completely shocked一片凌乱：in a mess一阵强风：a strong wind如此多次: so many times严重变形：in bad shape一些木条：pieces of wood立刻，马上：right away= at once = in no time= immediately剩下的：the rest of开车去洗车店：take the car to the car wash当 心: look out看向窗外： look out (of) the window在那时：at that time 在暴风雨的时候：at t
6、he time of the rainstorm挡 路：get in the way顺便说或问：by the way前往、往走去： make ones way to在某人去某地的路上：on ones way to像午夜：feel like midnight摸起来: feel + 形容词想要做某事：feel like doing sth.= want to do sth.= would like to do sth.做有困难：have trouble doing sth.= have problems doing sth.= have difficulties doing sth.四重难点语法知
7、识讲解+练习；语法一：过去进行时：（肯定句结构：was/were + v.ing）1. 含义：主要表示过去的某一时刻正在进行的动作或发生。2. 时间标志词：1）昨天这时候：at the time of yesterday; 昨晚9点时：at nine last night 今天上午8：30时：at half past eight this morning 2）when和while从句 -当的时候；3. 句子结构：肯定句：主语 + _或_ + _ + 其它.否定句：主语 + _或_ + _ + 其它.一般疑问句：_或_ +主语+ _ + 其它?肯否定回答：Yes, 主语 + _ 或_. No,
8、主语 + _ 或_.特殊疑问句：_ + _或_+主语_ + 其它？4. 运用：1）昨天晚上7点半时我正在叠衣服。肯定句：I_ _ the clothes at half past seven last night.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯否定回答：_ _对：folding the clothes提问：_2）我们到达时他们正在扫地。 肯定句：They_ _ the floor when we arrived.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯否定回答：_ _对they提问：_3）当我在读英语时，我妈妈正在做家务。_4）当Purple在等公交车时，Lemon正在清洁城市公园。_5）当Amethyst在接
9、电话时，Karry正在翻看她的日记。_6）在那时，Araham正在开车去洗车店。_7）暴风雨来临的时候，Edison正路过一家服装店。_8）当暴风雨减弱时，Crystal正在和Muses通电话。_句子背诵1. Kate didnt think her friend was telling the truth about the event. 我认为她的朋友没有告诉这件事的真相。 重点：说实话；说真相：tell the truth2. I left my house late and when the competition started, I was still making my way
10、to school. 我离开家很晚，当比赛开始时，我还在赶往学校的路上。重点：前往、往走去：make ones way to3. Black clouds were making the sky very dark. 乌云使天空很黑。重点：1、使天空很黑：make the sky very dark 2、结构：make + 宾语 + 宾语补足语语法二：区别：while 和 when 作连词conj. -当的时候；1）while:A: 只表示一段时间，而不表示时间点。在引导的从句中，其谓语只能用连续性动词；B: 如果从句和主句的动作同时发生，两句都用过去进行时的时候，多用while引导;C: w
11、hile表示“而，却”，表对照关系;3）when：A: 既指时间点，也可指一段时间；引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是终止性动词，也以是延续性动词; B: 由when引导的时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时，从句应用一般过去时；C: 作并列连词。when表示“在那时”；D: 表示在 的时候，作连词用，前后连接的两个句子形式要一致;1) 他正在睡觉时，有人敲门。_ he_ _, someone knocked at the door.2) 当我到达学校时，正在上课。_ I got to school, classes were beginning.3) 他回来时，我正在做作业。I _ _ my hom
12、ework, _ he came back.4) 当灯熄灭时，那个贼逃跑了。The thief _ away_ the lights were out.5) Muses总是在看电视的时候吃零食。Musesalways_ junk food when he_ TV.6) 她走进我房间时，我正在看书。I _ _ a book _ she came into my room. 7) 老师进来的时候，你在写信吗？_ you _ _ the teacher _ in? 8) Araham小时候就常常试验一些新的设想。_ Araham _ a child he was always _ _ new ide
13、as. 9) 正当Karry修自行车时，Purple来看她。 _Karry_ _ her bike, Purple _ _ _ her. 10) 你不能一边看电视一边做家庭作业。You cant do your homework _ you _ _ TV. 11) 他长得很结实，而他弟弟却很瘦弱。He is _ _ his brother is weak. 第一类：while：当的时候1. -What was the girl doing at the time of the rainstorm? -She was walking home. 暴风雨的时候，那个女孩在干什么？重点：1、在的时候
14、：at the time of. 昨天这时候：at the time of yesterday 2、走路回家：walk home 因为home作副词，所以前面不带to；2. While I was waiting for the bus after work, the rain suddenly started and I got all wet. 当我下班后等公交车时，天突然下起了雨，我全身被淋湿了。重点：1、等候：wait for 2、全(身)被淋湿：get all wet3. While I was running back home, I saw a dog by the side o
15、f the road and it was hurt. 当我跑回家时，我看见路旁有一只狗，他受伤了。重点：1、跑回家：run back home 2、在路旁：by the side of the road4. While I was laughing, the television news reported that other people had seen the light as well. 当我在大笑时，电视新闻报道说其他人也看到那束光了。重点：1、过去完成时：had + 动词的过去分词 （过去的过去） 2、也：as well5. Bens dad was putting piece
16、s of wood over the windows. Ben的父亲往窗户上加一些木条，while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working. 而他的妈妈在检查电筒和收音机是否好的。重点：1、木条：pieces of wood 、在的上方（正上方：over）3、确定：make sure第二类：when：当的时候1. He was helping his mom make dinner 他正在帮他的妈妈做晚餐。when the rain began to beat heavily against the wind
17、ows. 暴风雨猛烈地敲击窗户时重点：1、做晚餐：make dinner 2、开始做某事：begin to do sth. = start to do sth. 3、猛烈地敲击：beat heavily 4、against：prep. 碰、撞；反对；违背2. When I woke up, the sun was rising. 当我醒来时，太阳升起来了。重点：1、苏醒、醒来：wake up wake me up 2、rise：不及物动词升起3. He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m. 最后
18、在凌晨3点左右，风逐渐小了他才睡着。重点：1、入睡：fall asleep 2、逐渐变弱：die down4. People often remember what they were doing 人们通常记得他们在做什么when they heard the news of important events in history.当他们听到历史上的重大事件的消息时重点：1、重要事件的新闻：the news of important events 2、在历史上：in history5. More recently, most Americans remember what they were
19、doing when the World Trade Center in New York was taken down by terrorists.那较近的，大多数美国人都记得，当纽约世界贸易中心被恐怖分子炸毁时.重点：1、较近的：more recently 2、炸毁：take down 3、was taken down by terrorists：被恐怖分子炸毁 被动语态6. When I got to the bus stop, I realized that I left my bag at home.当我到达车站时，我才意识到我把我的包落在家里了。重点：把某物落下在某地：leave
20、sth. at/in +地点语法三：被动语态。被动语态的构成：be + 动词的过去分词;指主语“被” 。如需要显示动作的执行者，用：by + 动作的执行者;重点：被动语态-在不同的时态中，结构有所不同；by + 施动者时 态结 构一般现在时am, is, are + 及物动词的过去分词一般过去时was, were + 及物动词的过去分词一般将来时will, shall + be + 及物动词的过去分词现在进行时amisare being 及物动词的过去分词过去进行时was/were being 及物动词的过去分词现在完成时have, has + been + 及物动词的过去分词过去完成时had
21、 + been + 及物动词的过去分词含情态动词can, may, must, would+ be + 及物动词的过去分词注意：当动词带有复合宾语(有宾补), 并且宾补是省去“to”的动词不定式时，在被动语态中应加上“to”；常见这类动词：let，have，make，feel，see ,watch, hear, notice；如：They make us do all the work. 被动句：We are made to do all the work by them.练习测试1. Last month a new law _ in China to stop people from sm
22、oking in public places. A. is passed B. passes C. had passed D. was passed2. My e-mail_ to you last night. Have you received it _? A. sent; yet B. is sent; already C. was sent; yet D. had sent; already3. A new factory is being built in my hometown. I hope it_ at the end of this year.A. will be finis
23、hed B. finishes C. will finish D. is finished4. Every year lots of trees _ to make our country more beautiful. A. is planted B. was planted C. are planted D. were planted5. Dont worry. All the children _ by the nurses.A. are well taken care of B. take good care of C. are taken good care of D. take g
24、ood care6. It is reported that more new teaching buildings_ in our school in the next term. A. will be built B. was built C. has built D. will build7. The river smells terrible. People must _ dirty things into it.A. be stopped to throw B. stop to throw C. be stopped from throwing D. stop from throwi
25、ng8. Driving after drinking wine _in China. A. allows B. doesnt allow C. is allowed D. isnt allowed9. -Did you go to Jims party? -No, I _. A. havent invented B. didnt invite C. am not invited D. wasnt invited10. The Spring Festival_ in January or February. A. celebrates B. is celebrated C. celebrate
26、d D. was celebrated 被动语态（be + 动词的过去分词）1. “ Dr. King died just 10 minutes ago”. My parents were completely shocked. 金博士在10分钟前去世了，我父母完全惊呆了。2. Roberts parents were shocked to hear the news.罗伯特的父母听到这个消息很震惊。3. When I heard my name was called out, 当听到叫我的名字时，my heart was beating so quickly that I would sto
27、p breathing. 我的心脏跳得如此快，我以为我快窒息了重点：1、be called out 被叫出 -被动语态 2、停止呼吸：stop breathing语法四：区别：rise 和 raiserisevi.rise-rose-risen上升，升起，提高raisevt.raise-raised-raised 举起，提起，筹集，饲养，提高；1）生活费持续上涨。The _ of _ _ _ _.2) 太阳从东方升起，在西方落下。The sun _ in the _ and _ in the _.3）这个箱子太重，我举不起。The box _ _ _ for me _ _.语法五：做有困难：h
28、ave trouble doing sth.= have problems doing sth.= have difficulties doing sth.如：1）Muses读英语颇为费劲。Muses_ _ _ _ English.2）那个美国学生用起筷子来有困难。That _ student_ _ _ _the chopsticks.3）Araham是那些难于下决心的人之一。Araham is one of these people who _ _ _ _ up their minds.语法六：It is believed that人们相信/认为.= People believe that
29、it是形式主语，that引导的从句作真正的主语。类似结构还有：1) 据说: Its said that 2) 据报道: Its reported that3) 据认为: Its considered that如：据说，Amethyst在这次作文比赛中获得了第一名。_ _ _ Amethyst_ the _ _ in the _ _.语法七：区别：other, the other, others, the others, another1）other：“别的”，“另外的”; A: 只能与复数名词连用;B: other前有冠词the即可与单数名词连用;2）the other + 复数名词：A: 指
30、的是一定范围内“所有其余的人或事物”，是特指； = the others 其余的B: 3）the other + 可数名词单数：表示“两个数量中的另一个”，表示特指，总数为俩；常用于：one., the other一是，另一是.；4）other+复数名词：是没有明确范围的“另外的人或事物”。= others ：和some对比使用时, 是“有些”的意思；5）another：表示“另一个，又一个”， “总数为三个以上中任意的另一个”，泛指单数;可单独使用，也可后接名词。如果其后接复数名词，则表示“又、再、还”。6）其他习惯用法:one another-_ from oneto another-_t
31、he other day = a few days ago-_ every other day/ week/year-_some, others-_ 练习测试1）Will you please give me _ cup of coffee?2）I understand what you mean, but_ people may not fallow you .3）I met Mr. Smith in the park _ day. 前几天4）Shut _ eye, please. 请把另一只眼睛也闭上。5）Some say yes, and others say no.6）He is cl
32、everer than _ in his class. 比班上其他学生7）This shirt is too large for me. Please show me _.8）His parents both work in a hospital. One is a doctor and _ is a nurse.9）While at the university, he went to the library every _ day. 每隔一天10）There are 40 students in our class, three are American, _ are Chinese. 重
33、点短语句子背诵1. My alarm didnt go off so I woke up late. 我闹钟没有响，所以我醒来晚了。重点：（闹钟）发出响声：go off2. I didnt have my phone so I had to wait for someone to walk by. 我没有电话，所以我不得不等着有人经过。重点：经过、路过：walk by3. I was so scared that I could hardly think clearly after that.我是如此的害怕，以致于我事后几乎想不清楚。重点：清晰地思考：think clearly4. We go
34、t to the place of the accident, the car was in bad shape from hitting a tree. 当我们到达车祸现场时，撞到树上的小汽车已经严重变形。重点：1、车祸现场：the place of the accident 2、in bad shape5. When I pointed it out to my friend. It went away. 当我指给我的朋友们看时，它飞走了。重点：1、指出：point out point it/them out 2、飞走，消失、离开：go away7初二英语下册Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?