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1、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date疑问词+ever和no-matter的用法疑问词+ever和no-matter的用法主语从句用法详解(例句丰富)一、主语从句的引导词主语从句通常由连词that和whether、连接代词或连接副词以及关系代词型what引导。1. that引导That he is still alive is a wonder. 他还活着,真是奇迹。That we shall be la
2、te is certain. 我们要晚了,这是确定无疑的。That he should have ignored the working class was natural. 他忽视工人阶级是很自然的。That she is still alive is a consolation. 她还活着是使人感到宽慰的。That she became an artist may have been due to her fathers influence. 她成为画家可能是受她父亲的影响。That you are coming to London is the best news I have hear
3、d this long time. 你将来伦敦是好久以来我听到的最好消息。That she was chosen made a tremendous stir in her village. 她被挑选上,在她村 子里引起很大轰动。2. whether引导Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen. 是否对我们有害还要看一看。Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。3. 连接代词引导Whoever is top from wins the game when two
4、matched players meet. 两强相争勇者胜。Whichever (of you) comes in first will receive a prize. 无论(你们)谁先到都可以得奖。Whichever you want is yours. 你要哪个哪个就是你的。4. 连接副词引导When we arrive doesnt matter. 什么时候到没有关系。How it was done was a mystery. 这是怎样做的是一个谜。How this happended is not clear to anyone. 这件事怎样发生的,谁也不清楚。How many p
5、eople we are to invite is still a question. 邀请多少人还是一个问题。Where I spend my summer is no business of yours. 我在哪里过暑假不关你的事。5. 关系代词型what引导What we need is money. 我们需要的是钱。What I want to know is this. 我想知道的就是这一点。Whats done is done. 事已成定局。What he says is not important. 他说的话并不重要。What I am telling you is mere i
6、mpressions. 我和你说的都不过是一些印象而已。What make the river more beautiful are the lotus plants growing in the water. 为河水增色的是水里的荷花。What you need is a good-sized canvas bag. 你需要的是一个比较大的帆布袋。What I am afraid of is their taking him to Portugal. 我担心的是他们把他带到葡萄牙去。What struck me was that they have all suffered a lot. 给
7、我很深印象的是他们都受过很多苦。主语从句学习指要用来作主语的句子叫做主语从句。如:(1)When he was born is unknown. 他生于何时还不知道。(2)What he did last night is being investigated. 他昨天晚上干了些什么正在调查之中。在主语从句中须注意:1. 主语从句一般用it作形式主语,放在句首,而将主语从句放到句末。如:(1)It is possible that he has stolen the car. 很可能他偷了小车。(2)Isnt it strange that he should not have passed
8、the test? 他测试没有通过,难道不奇怪吗?2. if引导主语从句时,只能用it作形式主语,放在句首,而将if引导的主语从句放到句末。如:It is uncertain if he will leave for Beijing tomorrow. 明天他是否去北京还不敢肯定。3. that引导主语从句放在句首时,that不可省,但在句末口语中可省。如:That he was ill yesterday is known now. 大家都已知道他昨天生了病。4. 连接代词引导主语从句只能放在句首。如;(1)Who has broken the glass is unknown. 谁打破了玻
9、璃现在还不知道。(2)What he wants is all here. 他所要的东西都在这里。5. 主语从句中主句的谓语动词一般用第三人称单数形式,但what引导主语从句的主句谓语动词的形式须根据句子的意思来判断。如:(1)How he worked it out is still a secret. 他是如何把它做出来的还是一个秘密(2)What they makes in this factory are TV sets. 他们在工厂里所做的东西就是电视机。请大家看一看下面这一组常见单词whatever, whenever, wherever, however, whoever, wh
10、ichever一定看着特眼熟吧,可大家却不一定搞得懂这些常见单词的用法和含义。whatever就等于every what, wherever就等于every where, whenever就等于every when, whoever就等于every who, however就等于every how 依此类推,这些单词的意思就浮出水面了。如果上面的讲解仍没有使大家恍然大悟,我下面再给大家举几个英语句子为例,相信你看后就能豁然开朗了。比如说:I will go to wherever you go(这句话等同于I will go to every where you go.我将去你要去的每一个地方
11、)。请注意体会这句话区别于句子I will go to where you go(我将去你要去的地方)。用了wherever,就指“每一个地方、任何一个地方、所有的地方、无论什么地方”,说话的口气就非常强烈,而不像用where,一般仅指一个地方。再比如:I want whatever you give me(这句话等同于 I want every what(同every thing)you give me我要你给我的每一个东西)。这句话区别于句子I want what you give me(我要你给我的东西)。用了whatever就指“每一个东西、任何一个东西、所有的东西、无论什么东西”,说
12、话的口气就非常强烈,而不像用what,一般仅指一个东西。再比如:You can use my car whenever you want(这句话等同于You can use my car every when(同every time) you want你可以在任何一个你需要的时候用我的车)。这句话区别于句子You can use my car when you want(你可以在你需要时用我的车)。用了whenever就指“每次、任何时间、所有的时间、无论什么时间”,说话的口气就非常强烈,而不像用when,一般仅指一次时间。再比如:I will take whichever you choos
13、e for me(这句等同于I will take every which(同every thing) you choose for me我将接受你给我选择的任何一个东西)。这句区别于句子:I will take which you choose for me(我将接受你给我选择的那个东西)。用了whichever就指“每一个、任何一个、所有的、无论哪一个”,说话的口气就非常强烈,而不像用which,一般仅指一个。whatever, whenever, wherever, however, whoever, whichever 是一组说话语气十分强烈的单词,不会使用这些词,你说的英语就没法斩钉
14、截铁,你说的英语就没有力量,你说的英语就没法顶天立地、唇枪舌剑、据理力争、谈判较量可以毫不夸张地说,不会说whatever, whenever, wherever, however, whoever, whichever,你这辈子就别想用英语领导别人!在英语名词性从句的学习过程中,我们经常会遇到疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句,老师也告诫我们说他们的含义和no matter+疑问词所表示的含义是一样的,都表示“无论”,但是两者究竟有什么区别呢?是不是在所有的情况下两者都可以通用呢?今天我们就一起来研究下吧。疑问词+ever包括疑问代词+ever和疑问副词+ever。 疑问代词:whatever
15、, whichever, whoever, whomever 疑问副词:whenever, wherever, however(1)疑问词+ever与 no matter+疑问词引导从句时的区别1、疑问词+ever引导名词性从句,不可以与no matter+疑问词互换使用。例: Whoever comes to the party will receive a gift. 来参加晚会的人都会收到一份礼物。分析: Whoever意为“无论是谁”,引导名词性从句时,不可以与no matterwho互换。2、引导让步状语从句,可以与no matter+疑问词互换使用。例: The quality w
16、ill be the same, whichever(=no matter which) of them you choose. 它们当中无论你选哪一个,品质都一样。分析: Whichever意为“无论哪一个”,引导让步状语从句时,可以与no matter which互换。归纳: 简单说来:疑问句+ever可以引导名词性从句,也可以引导让步状语从句,但是No matter+疑问词只可以引导让步状语从句,也就说说前者适用的范围比后者大。所以选项中两者都有的情况下,我们尽量选择使用范围较广的疑问词+ever,答对的可能性较大。(2)疑问词+ever引导名词性从句时注意事项 Whatever我们知道
17、相当于No matter what,但是在引导名词性从句时相当于anything that,我们来分析以下的例句。例: Whatever he did was right. =Anything (that he did ) was right. (正确) Anything he did was right. (错误) 他无论做什么都是争取的。分析: Whatever意为“无论是什么”,相当于anything that,anything是题干中的主语,同时充当先行词,后面that为定语从句中的引导词,that在定语从句中充当主语成分,并且不能省略。(3)whoever同样在引导名词性从句时相当于
18、 anyone who的含义。例: Whoever breaks this law deserves a fine. =Anyone (who breaks this law) deserves a fine.(正确) Anyone breaks this law deserves a fine. (错误) 违反本法者应予以罚款。分析:Whoever意为“无论是谁”,相当于anyone who,anyone是题干中的主语,同时充当先行词,后面who为定语从句中的引导词,who在定语从句中充当主语,不能省略。(4)whichever在引导名词性从句时相当于the person or the thing that,此处就不详细讲述了。-