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1、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date比较-欣赏与翻译(1)比较 欣赏与翻译 比较 欣赏与翻译Whoever has made a voyage up the Hudson must remember the Catskill Mountains. They are a dismembered branch of the great Appalachian family, and are seen awa
2、y to the west of the river, swelling up to a noble height, and lording it over the surrounding country. Every change of season, every change of weather, indeed, every hour of the day, produces some change in the magical hues and shapes of these mountains, and they are regarded by all the good wives,
3、 far and near, as perfect barometers. When the weather is fair and settled, they are clothed in blue and purple, and print their bold outlines on the clear evening sky; but sometimes, when the rest of the landscape is cloudless, they will gather a hood of gray vapors about their summits, which, in t
4、he last rays of the setting sun, will glow and light up like a crown of glory.凡是在哈得逊河上游航行过的人，必定记得卡兹吉尔丛山，那是阿帕拉钦山脉的一支断脉，在河的西岸，巍然高耸云端，威凌四周的乡村。-。天气晴朗平稳的时候，它们披上蓝紫相间的衣衫，把它们雄浑的轮廓印在傍晚清澄的天空上，但有时，虽然四外万里无云，山顶上却聚着一团灰雾，在落日的余晖照耀之下，像一顶灿烂的皇冠似的放射着异彩。 At the foot of these fairy mountains the voyager may have descried
5、 the light smoke curling up from a village whose shingle roofs gleam among the trees, just where the blue tints of the upland melt away into the fresh green of the nearer landscape. It is a little village of great antiquity, having been founded by some of the Dutch colonists, in the early times of t
6、he province, just about the beginning of the government of the good Peter Stuyvesant , and there were some of the houses of the original settlers standing within a few years, with lattice windows, gable fronts surmounted with weathercocks, and built of small yellow bricks brought from Holland.在这些神奇的
7、丛山脚下，航行的旅客有时会看见轻烟从一座村落里袅袅而上，树丛中隐约地闪露出农家的木屋顶，那正好是山上的青葱转变为近处一片新绿的地方。这是一座非常古老的小村庄，是荷兰殖民者在这个州成立初期建造起来的，正当好心的彼得斯泰弗山特开始执政的时候；-。 In that same village, and in one of these very houses which was sadly time-worn and weather-beaten, there lived many years since, while the country was yet a province of Great Br
8、itain, a simple, good-natured fellow, Rip Van Winkle. He was a descendant of the Van Winkles who figured so gallantly in the chivalrous days of Peter Stuyvesant, and accompanied him to the siege of Fort Christina. He inherited, however, but little of the martial character of his ancestors. I have ob
9、served that he was a simple, good-natured man; he was, moreover, a kind neighbor and an obedient, henpecked husband. Indeed, to the latter circumstance might be owing that meekness of spirit which gained him such universal popularity; for those men are most apt to be obsequious and conciliating abro
10、ad who are under the discipline of shrews at home. Their tempers, doubtless, are rendered pliant and malleable in the fiery furnace of domestic tribulation, and a curtain lecture is worth all the sermons in the world for teaching the virtues of patience and long-suffering. A termagant wife may, ther
11、efore, in some respects, be considered a tolerable blessing; and if so, Rip Van Winkle was thrice blessed.好多年之前，当这里还是大不列颠的一个州的时候，在这个村子里，而且就在这样的一所房子里，这所房子，由于年深月久，风吹雨打，已经破旧不堪，曾经住着一个淳朴善良，名叫瑞普凡温克尔的人。他本来是凡温克尔一族的后代，他的祖先在彼得斯泰弗山特执政的骑士时代，以勇敢出名，并且还曾经随着彼得围攻过克瑞士廷纳要塞。-。实际上，他那到处受欢迎的温和性情可以说是由于怕老婆而来的；一个人在家里受惯了泼妇的教训
12、，到外面就最容易处处随和，事事顺从。他的脾气，毫无疑问，就是因为在家庭磨难的熊熊的火炉里受过锻炼，才变得柔软和有韧性；看起来，要教人养成耐心和坚忍的美德，一次帐中说法抵得过全世界的说教。因此，从某些方面来说，有一个泼辣的妻子，也可以看作是相当有福气的；要是这样，瑞普凡温克尔就有三倍的福气了。 Certain it is that he was a great favorite among all the good wives of the village, who took his part in all family squabbles, and never failed, whenever
13、 they talked those matters over in their evening gossiping, to lay all the blame on Dame Van Winkle. The children of the village, too, would shout with joy whenever he approached. He assisted at their sports, made their playthings, taught them to fly kites and shoot marbles, and told them long stori
14、es of ghosts, witches, and Indians. Whenever he went dodging about the village, he was surrounded by a troop of them, hanging on his skirts, clambering on his back, and playing a thousand tricks on him with impunity; and not a dog would bark at him throughout the neighborhood.-就是村里孩子们看见他走过来，也是一片欢呼声。
15、他参加他们的游戏，给他们做玩具，教他们放风筝和弹石子，并给他们讲关于鬼怪、巫婆和印第安人的长篇故事。每逢他在村子里闲步的时候，总有一大群孩子围着他，有的拉住他的衣服下摆，有的爬在他背上，有的大胆地百般捉弄他；连附近一带的狗见了他，也没有一条会对他吠的。The great error in Rips composition was an insuperable aversion to all kinds of profitable labor. It could not be from the want of assiduity or perseverance; for he would sit
16、 on a wet rock, with a rod as long and heavy as a Tartars lance, and fish all day without a murmur, even though he should not be encouraged by a single nibble. He would carry a fowling piece on his shoulder, for hours together, trudging through woods and swamps, and up hill and down dale, to shoot a
17、 few squirrels or wild pigeons. He would never even refuse to assist a neighbor in the roughest toil, and was a foremost man at all country frolics for husking Indian corn, or building stone fences. The women of the village, too, used to employ him to run their errands, and to do such little odd job
18、s as their less obliging husbands would not do for them; in a word, Rip was ready to attend to anybodys business but his own; but as to doing family duty, and keeping his farm in order, it was impossible.瑞普的性格中最大的缺点，就是对于一切有好处的劳动都感到不可克制的厌恶。-有时他还会为了打几只松鼠或野鸽子，掮着一支猎枪，穿林越泽，上山入谷，一连跋涉好几个钟头。遇到邻居们要他帮忙，即使最繁重的
19、工作，他也从来不会拒绝；每逢村子里为了剥玉米或者筑石墙而举行集会时，他总是第一个赶到；村里的女人也常常差遣他为她们跑腿，或者叫他做些自己不大听话的丈夫不愿意干的零碎活儿。总之，瑞普这个人除了自己的事情，无论哪个的事他都愿意干；如果要他在家里干点家务，料理料理自己的田地，他就觉得有些办不到了。 In fact, he declared it was of no use to work on his farm; it was the most pestilent little piece of ground in the whole country; everything about it wen
20、t wrong, and would go wrong, in spite of him. His fences were continually falling to pieces; his cow would either go astray or get among the cabbages; weeds were sure to grow quicker in his fields than anywhere else; the rain always made a point of setting in just as he had some outdoor work to do;
21、so that though his patrimonial estate had dwindled away under his management, acre by acre, until there was little more left than a mere patch of Indian corn and potatoes, yet it was the worst-conditioned farm in the neighborhood.事实上，他对人家说，在自己的田里干活是白费力气，他说，那是全村最倒霉的一小块地，田里的事情样样都糟，不管他怎么干，也还是要出毛病。他的篱笆总
22、是坍塌；他的母牛不是走迷了路，就是跑到人家菜地里；他田里的野草准比任何地方都要长得快些；- 因此，祖上传下来的田产在他手里，就一英亩一英亩地少下去，最后只剩一小块玉米和马铃薯地，而且还是附近一带最糟糕的一块地。 His children, too, were as ragged and wild as if they belonged to nobody. His son Rip, an urchin begotten in his own likeness, promised to inherit the habits, with the old clothes of his father.
23、 He was generally seen trooping like a colt at his mothers heels, equipped in a pair of his fathers cast-off galligaskins, which he had much ado to hold up with one hand, as a fine lady does her train in bad weather.-。他的儿子瑞普，是个淘气鬼，长得和他一模一样，不仅穿着他父亲的旧衣服，保险还能继承父风。通常，总看见他象匹小马似地跟在他母亲脚后面，穿着一条他父亲丢掉不用的裤子，一只
24、手费劲地拉着裤子，仿佛一位华丽的太太在下雨天拎着裙子下摆似的。 Rip Van Winkle, however, was one of those happy mortals, of foolish, well-oiled dispositions, who take the world easy, eat white bread or brown, whichever can be got with least thought or trouble, and would rather starve on a penny than work for a pound. If left to hi
25、mself, he would have whistled life away, in perfect contentment; but his wife kept continually dinning in his ears about his idleness, his carelessness, and the ruin he was bringing on his family. Morning, noon, and night, her tongue was incessantly going, and everything he said or did was sure to p
26、roduce a torrent of household eloquence. Rip had but one way of replying to all lectures of the kind, and that, by frequent use, had grown into a habit. He shrugged his shoulders, shook his head, cast up his eyes, but said nothing. This, however, always provoked a fresh volley from his wife, so that
27、 he was fain to draw off his forces, and take to the outside of the housethe only side which, in truth, belongs to a henpecked husband.-。倘使听他自便，他一定会吹吹口哨，心满意足地度过一生；可是他老婆不断地在他耳朵边唠叨个没完，说他懒惰，说他事事不操心，说一家人都要毁在他身上。早晨，中午，晚上，她成天地喋喋不休，只要他说了一句话或者做了一件事，就必定会招来她一篇滔滔不绝的家教。瑞普对付一切这类的教训，只有一个办法，久而久之，也就成了习惯，他一句话也不说，只是耸
28、耸肩，摇摇头，两眼看天。可是，这种办法又总是引起他老婆的一场新的痛骂，于是，他就只好全线退却，跑出大门老实说，怕老婆的丈夫也只有这样一条路可走。 Rips sole domestic adherent was his dog Wolf, who was as much henpecked as his master; for Dame Van Winkle regarded them as companions in idleness, and even looked upon Wolf with an evil eye, as the cause of his masters so ofte
29、n going astray. True it is, in all points of spirit befitting an honorable dog, he was as courageous an animal as ever scoured the woodsbut what courage can withstand the ever-during and all-besetting terrors of a womans tongue? The moment Wolf entered the house his crest fell, his tail drooped to t
30、he ground, or curled between his legs; he sneaked about with a gallows air, casting many a sidelong glance at Dame Van Winkle, and at the least flourish of a broomstick or ladle would fly to the door with yelping precipitation.在家里，瑞普的唯一知己就是那条名字叫“狼”的狗，“狼”和他主人一样怕女主人；因为凡温克尔太太把他们看成一对闲游的伙伴，老是拿凶恶的眼光对待“狼”，
31、认为它主人常常出门忘了回家，全是它的原故。其实，“狼”也具有一条体面的狗所应有的全部精神特点，它的英勇气概，并不逊于任何在林中奔驰的动物可是，有哪一种勇气，能挡得住喋喋不休、咄咄逼人的可怕的女人的舌头呢？“狼”只要一走进家里，立刻就垂头丧气，它的尾巴不是拖在地上，就是夹在腿间，它的神气象个罪犯，在屋子里偷偷地走来走去，不停地瞟着凡温克尔太太，只要扫帚柄或水杓子微微一举，便狂吠着飞也似地奔向门外去了。 Times grew worse and worse with Rip Van Winkle as years of matrimony rolled on; a tart temper neve
32、r mellows with age, and a sharp tongue is the only edged tool that grows keener by constant use. For a long while he used to console himself, when driven from home, by frequenting a kind of perpetual club of the sages, philosophers, and other idle personages of the village, which held its sessions o
33、n a bench before a small inn, designated by a rubicund portrait of his majesty George the Third. Here they used to sit in the shade, of a long lazy summers day, talking listlessly over village gossip, or telling endless sleepy stories about nothing. But it would have been worth any statesmans money
34、to have heard the profound discussions which sometimes took place, when by chance an old newspaper fell into their hands, from some passing traveler. How solemnly they would listen to the contents, as drawled out by Derrick Van Bummel, the schoolmaster, a dapper, learned little man, who was not to b
35、e daunted by the most gigantic word in the dictionary; and how sagely they would deliberate upon public events some months after they had taken place.-。有一段很长的时期，每逢他被老婆从家里赶出来，他总是去参加一个由村中的圣贤、哲学家和其他空闲的人组成的永久俱乐部，以此自慰；他们开会的地点，就在一家拿乔治三世陛下的红色肖像做招牌的小客店的门前的长凳子上。-。不过，偶尔他们手里弄到一张过路旅客丢掉的旧报纸，他们有时也会发表一点深刻的议论，照我看来，
36、这些话，对于某些政治家说来，不论花多少钱，也是值得去听听的。当乡村教师戴立克凡本麦尔慢吞吞地读着报纸的时候，他们多么严肃地听着啊。戴立克个子虽然矮小，却极有学问，即使字典上最长的字也难不倒他；当他们谈论起这些发生在几个月之前的国家大事时，他们的见解可真是英明啊。The opinions of this group were completely controlled by Nicholas Vedder, a patriarch of the village, and landlord of the inn, at the door of which he took his seat from
37、 morning till night, just moving sufficiently to avoid the sun, and keep in the shade of a large tree; so that the neighbors could tell the hour by his movements as accurately as by a sun-dial. It is true, he was rarely heard to speak, but smoked his pipe incessantly. His adherents, however (for eve
38、ry great man has his adherents), perfectly understood him, and knew how to gather his opinions. When anything that was read or related displeased him, he was observed to smoke his pipe vehemently, and send forth short, frequent, and angry puffs; but when pleased, he would inhale the smoke slowly and
39、 tranquilly, and emit it in light and placid clouds, and sometimes taking the pipe from his mouth, and letting the fragrant vapor curl about his nose, would gravely nod his head in token of perfect approbation.这个秘密政治会议里的意见，完全控制在尼古拉斯维德尔的手里，他既是村长，又是客店的老板。他从早到晚坐在客店门口，只有在太阳要晒到身上时才把座位移动一下，始终坐在那一株大树的阴影下面；
40、因此，邻居们凭着他的动作就能够知道是几点钟，跟日规一样准确。其实，大家难得听见他讲话，他只是不住地抽烟斗。尽管如此，他的那些信徒（因为凡是大人物都有信徒）却完全懂得他，都知道怎样去揣摩他的意见。-有时，他把烟斗从口中拿下来，任凭那一缕缕芬芳的烟在鼻子边袅袅而上，一面庄严地点点头，表示完全赞许。 From even this stronghold the unlucky Rip was at length routed by his termagant wife, who would suddenly break in upon the tranquility of the assemblage
41、, and call the members all to nought; nor was that august personage, Nicholas Vedder himself, sacred from the daring tongue of this terrible virago, who charged him outright with encouraging her husband in habits of idleness.即使在这样的堡垒里，不幸的瑞普到底还是要被他那凶悍的老婆赶出来；她常常会突然闯到这里，破坏会议的安宁，把会上的人通通臭骂一顿；这位可怕的泼妇的利口，甚至连尼古拉斯维德尔那样尊严的人物也饶不过，她公然责备他促使她丈夫养成懒惰的习惯 (to be continued)说明：（1）首先通读英文，理解作品内容。（2）对照汉语译文，深入领会原文。 （3）通过英汉对比，学习翻译技巧。（4）翻译原文划线部分内容。 -