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1、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date新概念1练习(现在完成时、过去完成时)18新概念第一册部分语法1. 问句：一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句，反意疑问句，选择疑问句，否定疑问句1） 一般疑问句： 助动词/be动词+主语Are you a teacher? Do you want to have a cup of tea?2） 特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词+一般疑问句What is your name?3
2、） 选择疑问句： orDo you want beef or lamb?4） 反意疑问句： 肯定陈述句+否定疑问部分， 否定陈述部分+肯定疑问部分You dont need that pen, do you?5） 否定疑问句： 一般疑问句+否定词Arent you lucky? Dont you want have a rest?2. 现在完成时 1）构成：主语+助动词have, has+过去分词2）用法：表示过去发生的和现在有某种联系的动作，常和just, usually, already, since等时间副词连用I have just had lunch. （饱了，不用再吃了）He ha
3、s had a cup of tea.（不渴了，不用再喝）They have already had their holiday. （不能再度假了）The boy has already read the book. （已经知道书的内容了，不用再看了）询问别人是否做过某事一般用现在完成时： Have you finished your homework?/Have you been to Beijing?/Have he seen the film?表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作I have lived in Beijing for twenty years./I have worked f
4、or this school for 1 year.表示一种经历，经验：去过地方，做过事情，经历过事情I have never had a bath./I have never seen a film.I have never been to cinema. /I have ever been to Paris. 注：Have been to表示去过，have gone to 表示去了I have been to London.（人已经回来）/He has gone to London.（人还在那里）表示一种结果， 一般不和时间副词联用I have lost my pen./I have hu
5、rt myself.He has become a teacher./She has broken my heart.3）句型变化：变疑问句将助动词移到句首，变否定句在助动词后面加not. e.g. Have you lost your pen? I have not lost my pen.肯定回答及否定回答：Yes, I have. No, I have not.特殊疑问句：What have you done? / What has he done?一般过去时与现在完成时的区别：凡是有明确的表示过去的时间状语的句子为过去时3. 过去完成时： 1）用法：在过去的时间里，两个动作中，发生在前
6、的哪个动作要用过去完成时。2）结构：had+过去分词After she had finished her homework, she went shopping.They had sold the car before I asked the price.The train had left before I arrived at the station.After/before引导的时间状语从句放在句首要在句子后面加逗号，如果放在主句后则不用加。3）句型变化：变疑问句将助动词移到句首：Had she finished her homework?变否定句在助动词后面加not：She hadnt
7、 finished her homework.肯定回答及否定回答：Yes, she had. No, she hadnt.特殊疑问句：What had she done?4 情态动词的使用：can, must, may, might, need,1）情态动词can（能够）， must（必须）， may（可以）结构：主语+can/must/may+动词原型He can make the tea.Sally can air the room.We can speak English.变疑问句将情态动词移到句首Can he make the tea?Can Sally air the room?Ca
8、n we speak English?变否定句在情态动词后面加notHe cannot make the tea.Sally cannot air the room.We cannot speak English.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, he can. No, he cannot.Yes, she can. No, she cannot.Yes, we can. No, we cannot.特殊疑问句：What can you do?（必背）注意：情态动词的句子没有第三人称单数的变化，不要在情态动词或动词后面加S。2）Must/have to的区别must 表示必须，是主观上觉得应该做，h
9、ave to是不得不，是由于客观条件逼迫的必要要做must 只能用在表示现在和将来的句子里，而have to do可以用在任何时态3）must, may, might表示猜测： must do 表示对现在事实的猜测must have done表示对过去事实的猜测must have been doing 表示对过去正在进行的事实的猜测may/might do, may/might have done表示没有任何事实依据的猜测，might的可能性更小。5cant/couldnt 表示不可能练习题现在完成时练习一、按要求改变句型1. He has heard that before. (改为否定句)
10、 2. The retired people have climbed Mount Xiang many times. (改为否定句) 3. David has already booked the theatre. (改为否定句) 4. Steve and Carol have gone to Italy. (改为否定句) 5. I have had lunch already. (改为疑问句) 6. Two of the scientists have been to the North Pole. (改为疑问句) 7. I have taught English in the middl
11、e school since 1980. (改为疑问句) 8. They have found a job already. (改为疑问句) 9. The Smiths have had a holiday since Christmas. (对划线部分提问) 10. The famous singers have gone to Greece to have a meeting. (对划线部分提问) 11. Li Ming has received the invitation already. (对划线部分提问) 12. Jim has forgotten how to play card
12、s. (对划线部分提问) 二、. 用括号中动词的适当形式填空1. Every student _ (see) the program already.2. Kent and I _ (write) poems before.3. Dick _ (do) the work these days.4. The people living in the mountains _ never _ (see) films.5. Patty _ (buy) a magazine about the school life.6. The actress _ (live) here all her life.7
13、. The glass is broken. Who _ (break) this glass?8. Finally the workers _ (finish) that job.9. _ you _ (borrow) the book we talked abut last time?10. Theres no more wine in the bottle. They _ (drink) all of it.11. Tom _ (leave) a message for you. He _ (call) last night.12. I _ (see) the movie once be
14、fore. I _ (love) it a lot.13. A: _ (you/hear) the news?B: yes, I _A: Who _ (tell) you the news?B: Li Ming _ (do)A: When _ (he/tell) you?B: Two hours ago.三.改错1. What have you done last night?2. He knew Doctor Wang since thirty years ago.3. Kite has hurt his leg, but its OK now.4. I work here for over
15、 ten years.5. The chairman has gone to many countries in his life.6. Where have you borrowed that dictionary?7. Ive seen the play already. Have you seen it already?8. Did you see your sister carries all the baggage to the station?9. My brother has bought a used car, but then he sold it.10. Her mothe
16、r has gone to Europe last season.四、选择填空( )1.Have you _ travelled on the train？ Yes, I have.(A) never (B)ever (C)just (D)yet( ) 2.Have you finished your homework Not .(A) ever (B)already (C)yet (D)just( ) 3. We havent finished our homework _.(A) already (B)ever (C)yet (D)never( ) 4.Have you learned E
17、nglish?Yes, Ive _ learned a lot.(A) never, ever(B)ever, never(C)ever, already (D)already. ever( ) 5.Have you finished your homework _?Yes, Ive done that _. (A) yet, already (B)already, yet (C)ever, never (D)still, just( ) 6.Johns father _ borrowed some pictures(A)have already （B)has just (C)have eve
18、r (D)has yet( ) 7.He finished his homework yet(A) doesnt(B)havent(C) hasnt (D) doesnt have( ) 8.I has been like this ever since _. (A) last week (B) for a week (C) a week before (D)the last week( ) 9.My mother has worked in this factory _ 2 years.(A) about (B)for (C)in (D)since( ) 10. I havent heard
19、 from him last week.(A) since (B) for (C)ago (D)before( ) 11.His father joined the party_(A) for three years (B)since three years ago(C) three years ago (D) in two years time( ) 12.Mr Green isnt in the office. He _ to the library.(A)has gone (B)went (C)has been (D)will go( ) 13.Mr Smith _ to Tokyo a
20、nd he will be back in a week(A) has been (B)has visited (C)has sent (D)has gone( ) 14. They _ China for two years.(A) have been to (B)have been in(c) have gone to (D)have come to( ) 15. Jims been to the Great wall before, _?(A)isnt (B)wasnt (C)hasnt (D)doesnt( ) 16.Shes never been to England, _ she?
21、(A) has (B)hasnt (C)isnt (D)is( ) 17._has Hanmei been in the library.(A)How long (B)How soon (C)How far (D)How often( ) 18.How long _ he _ the library book?(A) has, borrow (B)has, kept (C)has, bought (D)did, buy ( ) 19.Her father _ in 1990 and her husband _ for more than five years.(A) died ,dead (B
22、)has died, dead (C)died ,has been dead (D)has died, has died( ) 20.I have _ this nice watch for two years.(A) had (B)bought (C)borrowed (D)lend( ) 21.He _ his home for ten years.（A）has left (B)left from (C)has been away from (D)was away from( ) 22.He _ a league member for three years. (A) is (B)has
23、been (C)has become (D)have become( ) 23.Lihuas brother has _ for two years. (A) joined the army (B)been an army (C)become a soldier (D)been in the army( ) 24.He hasnt _ Guangzhou ever since he left school.(A) left (B)been away from (C)been in (D)away from ( ) 25. Have you finished your homework? Yes
24、, I _ it last night.(A) finish (B)finished (C)have finished(D)will finish( ) 26. _ you ever _ to Nanjing? Yes, I _ there last year.(A)Havegone, have gone (B) Havebeen, went(C)Didgo, went （D)Didgo, has , been( ) 27.When _ you _ Lucy in New York?I _ here for two years.(A) didmeet, hasnt seen (B)didmee
25、t, havent seen(C) didmeet, dont see (D)wouldmeet, hadnt seen过去完成时专项练习1. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I _ the dinner already.A had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked2. She said she _ the principle alreadyA .has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen3. She said her family _ t
26、hemselves _ the army during the war.A. has hidden, from B. had hidden, from C. has hidden, with D. had hidden, with4. By the time he was ten years old, he _.A. has completed university B. has completed the universityB. had completed an university D. had completed university5. He _ to play _ before h
27、e was 11 years old.A had learned, piano B. had learned, the piano C. has learned, the piano D. learns ,piano. 6 .He _ in the factory for three years before he joined the Army.A. has worked B. works C. had worked D. will work7. By the end of last week, they _ the bridge.A. has completed B. completed
28、C. will complete D. had completed8. By the time he was 4, he _ a lot of German words.A. had learned B. has learned C. learned D. learns 9. The students _ their classroom when the visitors arrived.A . have cleaned B. had cleaned C. was cleaned D. have been cleaned10. My mother_ in that factory at the
29、 age of 18.A. had worked B. has worked C. worked D. works2.用动词的适当形式填空1. Tom _ (say) he _ (read) the book twice.2. He said he _already_(give) the book to the teacher.3句型转换1I had sold the ticket when she came.（改否定句）2. She had sung a song to us before she danced.（改否定句）3.By 10:00 a.m, I had been very hungry. （改一般疑问）4. Lucy had already completed the project when I arrived.（改一般疑问）5. We had our tests. Then we had a long holiday.( 用过去完成时连接两句)After we _, we _ 6. He showed us a picture. Then he showed us around the house. 用过去完成时连接两句)Before he _, he_.-