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1、我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物GrammarSubjunctive Mood (I)虚拟语气虚拟语气我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物英语动词有英语动词有三种三种语气，语气， 陈述语气，祈使陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。语气和虚拟语气。一、陈述语气陈述语气 (The Indicative Mood): 用来陈述一个用来陈述一个事实事实，或提出一种，或提出一种看法看法，有肯，有肯定、定、 否
2、定、疑问或感叹等形式。否定、疑问或感叹等形式。 The sun is larger than the earth. Does Tom usually get up very early? What a clever boy!我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物二、祈使语气二、祈使语气(The Imperative Mood) 用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等。用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等。Wait outside until you are asked . Lets just t
3、ake a break, shall we ？其否定形式其否定形式 是在动词原形前面直接加是在动词原形前面直接加”do not” Dont jump in the queue.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物 The Subjective Mood 虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气表示说话人的某种虚拟语气表示说话人的某种假设、愿望、假设、愿望、怀疑、猜测、建议怀疑、猜测、建议等含义，即动词所表示等含义，即动词所表示的动作或状态的动作或状态并非事实并非事实，或，或不可能实现不可能实现 。虚拟语气中，动
4、词在人称方面的变化比较固定：即，虚拟语气中，动词在人称方面的变化比较固定：即，当动词是当动词是 “be”单独使用时单独使用时，统一用，统一用“were”而不用而不用“was”, 如如 If I were you, I would work hard.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物Look at the sentences and tell when we use the Subjunctive Mood.1.If I were you, I would go there.2.I wish
5、I were a bird flying in the sky.3.I suggested he go there.4.God bless you.假设假设愿望愿望建议建议愿望愿望我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物(虚拟条件句虚拟条件句)一、一、 与现在事实相反与现在事实相反If I_ you, I should stay at home. If I _the time, I would make a trip to Italy to see the Leaning tower. wereha
6、d虚拟语气在虚拟语气在条件句条件句中的应用中的应用我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物二、二、 与过去事实相反与过去事实相反 If you _yesterday, you would have met him. (come)If the hurricane _during the daytime， there would have been many deaths.(happen)had comehad happened我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢
7、？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物If I _(be) busy last night, I _(go) to see the film with you .had not beenwould have gone我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物If he (drive) more carefully, he (have)the car accident yesterday. would not have had had driven 我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖
8、的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物If I _(know) your telephone number, I _ (telephone) you yesterday.had knownwould have telephoned我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物三、与将来事实相反三、与将来事实相反 If you came tomorrow, we _the meeting. (have) If it _tomorrow, th
9、e meeting would be put off. (rain)would havewere to/should rain我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物1.1.如果你早来如果你早来5 5分钟，你就赶上这趟车了。分钟，你就赶上这趟车了。If you _ here five minutes earlier，you _ the bus .2.2.如果我现在不忙，我就来帮你了如果我现在不忙，我就来帮你了。If I _ not busy, I _ you now.3.3.如果明天下雪了，我们怎么
10、办？如果明天下雪了，我们怎么办？What _ we do if it _tomorrow?had comewerewould helpshould were to snowwould have caught我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物四、虚拟语气的几种特殊用法四、虚拟语气的几种特殊用法从句省略从句省略 if, 用倒装句式用倒装句式were, had, should+主语主语”Were I in school again, I would work harder. Had you been
11、 here earlier, you would have seen him. Should there be a meeting tomorrow, I would come. 跟踪联系：跟踪联系：1 _(be) I you, I would work hard.2 _ it rain tomorrow, I would go on a trip.3 _ it been for your help, I would have failed in the examination.WereShouldHad not 我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但
12、是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物 用介词短语代替条件状语从句。即用用介词短语代替条件状语从句。即用without, but for(要不是要不是), given more time, on condition that(假如假如)， or (else),otherwise代替代替if从句从句 Without air, there would be no living things. I _but for your help. 如果没有你的帮助我就不会成功。如果没有你的帮助我就不会成功。含蓄条件句含蓄条件句would not have succeeded我吓了一跳，蝎子是
13、多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物有时条件从句中的动作和结果从句中的动作发生有时条件从句中的动作和结果从句中的动作发生的时间不一致，的时间不一致，因此又叫因此又叫“错综时间错综时间/混合虚混合虚拟条件句子拟条件句子” If she had followed the doctors advice last month, she would be quite all right now. If you had told me the news yesterday, I would not be worried no
14、w.错综时间条件句错综时间条件句我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物 If I _(ask) her for advice last week, I _(know) what to do now. had asked should know我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物虚拟语气在虚拟语气在宾语从句宾语从句中的应用中的应用 Wish的宾语从I wish I _a bird.I wish he
15、_that. (do)I wish I _rich in the future.werehadnt donewould be与现在与现在 事实相反事实相反 过去时（过去时（did/were）与过去事实相反与过去事实相反 had+过去分词过去分词与将来与将来 事实相反事实相反 would/could/might+动动词原形词原形1.Wish 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句 我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物He talks as if he _(know)where she was.He talk
16、ed about Rome as if he _(be) there before.He opened his mouth as if he_(say)something.与与主句谓语动词动作主句谓语动词动作同同时发生时发生 过去时（过去时（did/were）先于先于主句谓语动词动作主句谓语动词动作发生发生 had+过去分词过去分词后于后于主句谓语动词动作主句谓语动词动作发生发生 would/could/might+动词原形动词原形knewhad beenwould sayas if 引导的从句的用法引导的从句的用法我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？
17、但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物2. 在在would rather结构中结构中表现在和将来的愿望表现在和将来的愿望 过去时（过去时（did/were）表过去的愿望表过去的愿望 had+过去分词过去分词 I would rather you _me now.(pay) I would rather you _tomorrow. (come) I would rather I _yesterday.(not,come)paidcamehadnt come我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里
18、边有一个活的生物3.表示要求表示要求,命令命令,建议的虚拟语气建议的虚拟语气一个坚持一个坚持 _两个命令两个命令 _四个建议四个建议 _四个要求四个要求 _这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。从句中的动词使用从句中的动词使用should + 动词原形动词原形, 或者将或者将should省略。省略。The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose his weight.He insisted that we (should) tell him the news. insist order, comm
19、and advise, suggest, propose, recommenddemand, require, request, desire 我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物注意注意: 如如suggest, insist不表示不表示“建议建议” 或或“坚持要某人做某事时坚持要某人做某事时”, 即它们用于其本即它们用于其本意意“暗示、表明暗示、表明”、“坚持认为坚持认为”时时,宾语宾语从句用陈述语气。从句用陈述语气。He insisted that he was right.His expr
20、ession suggested that he was angry.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物1. The guard at gate insisted that everybody _ (obey) the rules.2. He insisted that she _ (be)seriously ill and that _ (send) to hospital at once.obeywasbe sent3. He suggested that we _ (have) a me
21、eting at once.4. His pale face suggested that he _ (be) ill.havewas我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物Multiple choices1.If he had not lost his money, he _ the piano last week. A .would buy B. had bought C. could have bought D. bought2.I dont think that I shall fail.
22、But if I _, I would try again. A. fail B. would fail C. should fail D. had failed3. I wish I _ able to tell him all about it last night. A. was B. were C. had been D. should be 4. The man insisted that he _ there. should send B. would be sent C. sent D. be sent CCC我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世
23、界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物5. The teacher demanded that the exam _ before eleven. must finish B. would be finished C. be finished D. must be finished6._ today, he would get there by Friday.A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving C. Were he to leave D. If he leave7.Should it rain, the crops _ . A.
24、would be saved B. would have been savedC. will be saved D. had been saved8.You _ come earlier. The bus left a moment ago.A. would B. should have C. may D. have CCAB我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物9.I _ you some money, but I hadnt any on me then.A. would lend B. sh
25、ould have lent C. could lend D. may have lent10. A few minutes earlier and we _ the rain.A. have caught B. had caught C. could have caught D. were to catch11.- “Have you ever been to Beijing?” - “No, but I wish I _” haveB. willC. doD. had12.We _ the work on time without your help.A. hadnt had finish
26、ed B. didnt have finishedC. couldnt have finished D. cant have finished我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物1.Write a passage “If I were a millionaire, I would” 2.Preview Using Language.Homework我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物See you next time!