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1、初中英语复习课the Passive Voice 一、什么是被动语态 二、几种常见的被动语态结构 什么时候用被动语态？ 四如何将主动语态该为被动语态 五、什么情况下没有被动语态 六、哪些被动结构表示主动语态一、什么是被动语态一、什么是被动语态 动作的承受者做主语动作的承受者做主语am /is /are done was /were done shall /will be done have /has been donecan /may /must /should / ought to be done一般现在时：一般现在时：一般过去时：一般过去时：一般将来时：一般将来时：现在完成时：现在完成时：
2、带情态动词时：带情态动词时：二、几种常见的被动语态结构二、几种常见的被动语态结构三、什么情况下用被动语态四、Put the following into passive voice：1.I can finish my homework every day. My homework can be finished by me every day.2.Did they buy many flowers？ Were many flowers bought by them？3.He doesnt often read English. English isn t often read by him.4
3、.They told us not to go there. We were told not to go there by them. 1.每天洗衣服。Clothes are washed every day.2.别着急.这封信会准时寄给他的. Dont worry. The letter can be sent to him on time. 3.这些婴儿上周受到了很好的照顾。 The babies were looked after well last week.4.他们昨天拍了很多照片。They took many photos yesterday. Or: Many photos w
4、ere taken by them yesterday.5.Tom常开他爸爸的小车。Tom often drives his fathers car. Or: His fathers car is often driven by Tom 1. 在hear，see，watch，notice等“感观”动词的后面和make，let等“使役”动词的后面作宾补的动词不定式都不带to，但这种句子在变为被动语态时，应加上应加上to。（一听，二使，一听，二使，三看三看）(1).I saw her come into my room. She was seen to come into my room by m
5、e.(2).He made me write the letter for him. I was made to write the letter for him.注意问题注意问题2.若主动语态的动词是双宾语动词（如 ：give ，pass ，show等），变被动语态时，只把其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个宾语保留不动，称作保留宾语。若保留宾语是指人，前面要加上介词“to”。eg： He showed me his photos. I was shown his photos. OR: His photos were shown to me.More words give sb sth=give
6、sth. to sb show sb sb sth=show sth. to sb pass sb sb sth=pass sth. to sb send sb sb sth=send sth. to sb bring sb sb sth=bring sth. to sb tell sb sb sth=tell sth. to sb3.3.如主动语态的动词是双宾语动词如如主动语态的动词是双宾语动词如buy ,makebuy ,make等，等，变被动语态时，只把其中一个宾语变为主语，另一变被动语态时，只把其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个宾语保留不动，若保留的宾语是个宾语保留不动，若保留的宾语是指人指
7、人，前面要加，前面要加上介词上介词 forfore.g He bought me a pen. A pen was bought for me.或 I was bought a pen get sb sb sth=get sth. for sb buy sb sb sth=buy sth. for sb make sb sb sth=make sth. for sb mend sb sb sth=mend sth. for sb cook sb sb sth=cook sth. for sb4.只有及物动词才能用于被动语态，不及物动词不能用于被动语态。但相当于一个及物动词的动词短语可用于被动语
8、态。但在变被动语态时，注意不要丢掉词组末尾的介词或副词。eg：The doctor looked over the old woman carefully. The old woman was looked over by the doctor carefully.归纳：三、如何将主动语态改为被动语态归纳：三、如何将主动语态改为被动语态 1找主谓宾找主谓宾 2.改时态和语态改时态和语态 3.加上加上by和其他和其他 4.原句是双宾结构，改被动语态有两种原句是双宾结构，改被动语态有两种 （1）间宾）间宾/sb.做主语改法如做主语改法如123； （2）直宾）直宾/sth.做主语，做主语，sb.前加
9、上前加上to 或或for 5.不带不带to 的动词不定式改写被动语态，的动词不定式改写被动语态，to 要还原。要还原。 一听，二看，三使。一听，二看，三使。 6.to do 改成被动语态是改成被动语态是to be done. need to do have to do ought to do need to be done have to be done ought to be doneAttention!五、什么情况下没有被动语态1. 当系动词当系动词 feel, look, smell, taste, sound 等后面接形容词时等后面接形容词时 无被动语态无被动语态 *The fish
10、_ (taste) good. * Do you like the material? Yes, it _ (feel) very soft. *The pop music _ (sound) beautiful. tastesfeelssounds2. 当当 wash, read, sell, write, cook 等词带状语修等词带状语修饰语（饰语（well, easily, badly 等）时等）时 *This kind of cloth washes easily. *My pen writes well. *These novels dont sell well. (The boo
11、ks were sold out.) *The meat doesnt cook easily. (The meat was cooked for a long time over low heat.)3一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态。如：一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态。如： happen，take place,last,have(有),appear, disappear,cost ,come out(1) 这本书已经出版许多次了。这本书已经出版许多次了。 The book has already come out many times （2）我家乡已发生了巨大的变化。）我家乡已发生了巨大的变
12、化。 Great changes have already taken place in my hometown (3) 会议持续了会议持续了30分钟。分钟。 The meeting lasted for 30 minutes.4用被动语态表示主动意义的词：用被动语态表示主动意义的词：be lost (迷路迷路), be/get hurt,(受伤受伤)，be dressed (穿着穿着)(1)我在那个陌生的地方迷路了。我在那个陌生的地方迷路了。 I was lost in that strange place. (lost myself)(2)在地震中孙先生受伤很严重。在地震中孙先生受伤很严重
13、。Mr Sun was badly hurt in the earthquake.(hurt himself)(3)穿戴好之后，斯密斯夫人从卧室走了出来。穿戴好之后，斯密斯夫人从卧室走了出来。Mrs Smith went out from the bedroom after she got dressedChoose the best answer:1.A new book_me by him yesterday. A.is given to B.was given C.was given to D.gave to2.Dont worrry. The job_two hours. A.can
14、be finished in B.was finished for C.can finish in D.can be finished after3.Usually the classroom_twice a day, but nobody _the floor this morning. A.is cleaned, was swept B.cleans, was swept C.is cleaned, swept D.is cleaned, sweeps4.I_ at five this morning, so I am very tired now. A.was waking B.was
15、woken C.wake up D.was woken upCACCD5.He _me _there with him last nigh. A.was asked, to go B.asked, to go C.was asked, go D.asked, go6.They stayed here_April. A.in B.since C.for D.on7.We_a picnic last Wednesday. A.told to have B.were told to have C.were told him to have D.were told to not have8.Who _
16、 the food on the table, Tom? A.ate up B. was eaten up C.eats up D.was eating up9.Today many trees are being cut in our country. So more trees_. A. must plant B. must be plant C. must be planted A. must be to plantBBABCA10. _ the homework_the day after tomorrow? A.May, be handed in B.Maybe, handed in
17、 C.May, hand in D. May, be handed11.My pencil_the day before yesterday. A. found B.was found C.was founded D. is found12.The scientist has worked on the maths problem for three days without having a rest, so he _very tired now. A.must be B.may be C.can be D.need be13.The workers much heavy work each
18、 day. A.made to do B.were made to do C.were made do D. made him to do AABAB1.It was quite hard for the dog to go_(通过通过) the small hole.2.Look, whats _(发生发生)over there?3.I saw him walk _(经过经过)the teachers office.4.I know the boy_(叫叫)Mike.5.The letter was_(写写)to them last night.6.Newspapers are_(看看) e
19、very day.7.The ball was_(扔扔) to him and he caught it.8.They are_(砍砍) down some trees.9.Mike and Tom want to be_(士兵士兵) in the future.10.The book can be_(借借) for a week.11.Were they_(用于用于) for_(保持保持) warm?Fill in the missing words:throughhappeningpastnamedwrittenreadthrowncuttingsoldierskeptusedkeeping1.He was told me to go there at once. 2.The boy was seen came into the office3.The old can be taken good care in our country.4. Is the kind of car make by Shanghai?CorrectionCorrectionCorrectionto comeofmade in