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1、名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Section 15 语法填空高考英语语法填空有提示词解题技巧 1括号内供应的是动词 第一,判定要填的动词是谓语动词仍是非谓语动词；然后依据以下两点进行摸索；如句中没有别的谓语动词,或者虽然已有谓语动词,但需填的动词与之是并列关系时,所给动词就是谓语动词；如是谓语动词,就要考虑时态和 语态；如：Actually I believed I would work for a few years ,get _marry,stay home and raise a family,so I didn t think t
2、he job I took mattered that much.这个小题主要考查单句层次上的语法结构；该题的关键是判定宾语从句中有 I believed I would work for a few years. I would get _marry. I would stay home. I would raise a family. 答案 married 4 个谓语动词,在从句中作并列谓语；很清晰, get married在句子中与 I would 构成“ 主系表” 结构； get married强调一种已婚的状态,相当于 be married；假如没有 get 在前面,只能填入marr
3、y 作谓语；明显语言的形式要结合上下文语境综合考虑,才能符合交际的需要；如句中已有谓语动词,又不是并列谓语时,所给动词就是非谓语动词；如是非谓语动词就要确定是 确定的方法主要有：作主语或宾语,通常用 v.ing 形式表示习惯或一般情形,用不定式表示详细情形；如：v.ing 形式, ed 形式,仍是不定式；.but it is not enough only _memorizerules from a grammar book. 答案memorizing done；如： 第 1 页,共 43 页 分析这个句子的成分可知,应当是memorizing.作真正的主语,前面的it 是形式主语；作相伴状语
4、,通常用分词,如与规律主语是主动关系,用现在分词v.ing；如是被动关系,用过去分词细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -_seefrom the top of the tower,the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees. 答案Seen 可判定句中已有谓语了,说明句子不缺谓语,可知所给提示词“ see”在句中应当是不作谓语的动词形式,即非谓语动词形式；此时就可以利用三
5、个步骤来分析打算用哪一种非谓语形式了：第一,“see”的规律主语就是句子的主语“ the south foot of the mountain ”；其次, “ the south foot of the mountain ”和“ see”之间是被动关系；第三,动词的过去分词表示被动关系,因此应填“ Seen”；It rained heavily in the south,_cause serious flooding in several provinces. 答案 causing 从句中 “ rained ”可判定句子已有谓语了,说明所给提示词“ cause”在句中作非谓语, “ cause
6、”与规律主语之间是主动关系,即“ 大雨导致洪涝” ；现在分词表示主动关系,因此应填“ causing ”,作结果状语；2括号内供应的是形容词或副词假如括号内供应的是形容词,一般是考查副词,即要变成副词形式；假如括号内供应的是副词,一般是考查形容词,即要变成形容词形式；如：_actualI believed I would work for a few years,get married,stay home and raise a family,so I didnthink the job I took mattered that much.答案More actually 该空需要填入副词 ac
7、tually 在句子中作状语；有的考生填入 不能将语言的语法规章和语用功能有效地结合；再如：“Thirtyfive cents,” she said _rudemore actually,虽然词性是对的,但是这里没有上下文比较的关系,规律语义不同,考生答案rudely此处考查副词作状语的用法；括号内供应的是形容词,要用来修饰动词said,所以要使用副词形式；但有时也要依据语境判定是否要变成名词或否定含义；如：At last,her courage and _wiseimpressed both the CEO and Princeton University. 答案 wisdom 括号内供应的
8、是形容词,但此空与前面的名词 courage是并列成分,一起充当主语,所以要使用名词形式 wisdom；另外,通常有表示范畴的 in/of 介词短语或形容词前有 the 时,一般要用最高级； than 的前面肯定要用比较级；如：One of the _badgift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher. 由于这里是 one of the名词复数的形式,表示 其中之一,因此范畴是三者或三者以上,因此形容词需要用最高级的形式worst； 第 2 页,共 43 页 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - -
9、 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -3括号内供应的是名词括号内供应的假如是名词,特殊是单数名词,就应当考虑空格处是否需要填冠词a,an,the、物主代词 my,your,his 等、指示代词 this,that等、不定代词 few,little ,many,much,all,each,every,both,neither,other 等、名词全部格或形容词等对名词进行修饰；相反,假如给出的名词是在冠词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词全部格或形容词之后,就应考虑填名词；但不
10、要遗忘,要考虑名词是否 变复数,是否用全部格形式等；如：One of my fathers favorite _sayas I was growing up was“ Try it ！”答案sayings 这道题主要考查考生在特定语境中正确使用名词复数的才能；考查考生是否知道“one of名词的复数形式” 在句子中作主语,谓语动词用单数；本句中 as引导时间状语从句,表达的功能是“ 时空” 概念；该从句没有直接放在主句之后,而是进行了插入,放在了主句的主语之后,进行强调；完整的主句是： One of my fathers favorite _saywas 从该句的主系表结构中可以看出,one
11、of my fathers favorite _say子中作主语；say要做两次转换：第一要转换成为名词；再将名词转为相应的复数形式；say的名词是 saying,其复数形式是 sayings；考生假如写对了saying 只是做到了词形正确,同时仍要保持单词的正确；所以正确答案是sayings；当括号内供应的是名词时,仍可能考查形容词；如：There,my voice sounds really _wonder because theres a slight echo to it.答案 wonderful 括号内供应的是名词,但此空作系动词 sounds的表语,所以要使用形容词形式；有时也可能
12、考查副词、动词等；如：A certain man planted a rose and watered it _faithand before it blossomed,he examined it. 答案 faithfully 括号内供应的是名词,但此空在句中作状语,修饰动词 watered,所以要变成副词；留意：先将名词 faith 变成形容词 faithful ,然后再变成副词 faithfully ；细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 页,共 43 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - -
13、 - - - - - - - - - - - -A2022 全国 Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia top_1_attracts biggest buildings, and fancy new hotels.But for tourists like me, pandas are i ts So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the notforprofit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I
14、_2_allowto get up close to these cute animals at the 00acre centre.From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador.The title will be_3_official given to me at a ceremony in London.But my connection with pandas goes back_4_my days on a TV show in the mid1980s,_5_I was the first Western TV reporter_6_per
15、mit to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.My ambassadorial duties will include_7_introduce British visitors to the 120plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia. On my recent visit, I held a lively three monthold twin th
16、at had been rejected by_8_it mother.The nursery team switches him every few_9_ day with his sister so that while one is being bottlefed,_10_other is with mumshe never suspects. B 2022 全国 If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify 识别 those of _1_greatan
17、d less importance.Then, handle the most important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of _2_ achieveLeaving the less important things until tomorrow _3_ be often acceptable. Most of us are more focused _4_our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.So, get an early start and try to be a
18、s productive _5_ possible before lunch.This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished. Recent _6_study show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks_7_regularGive your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for_8
19、_while, exercising, or dong something you enjoy. If you find something you love doing outside of the office, youll be less likely _9_ bring your work home.It could be anythinggardening, cooking, music, sportsbut whatever it is,_10_ make sure its a relief from daily stress rather than another thing t
20、o worry about.C 2022 全国 In much of Asia,especially the socalled “ rice bowl ” cultures of China,Japan,Korea,_1_Vietnam,food is usually eaten with 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 页,共 43 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -chopsticks. Chopsticks are usually t
21、wo long ,thin pieces of wood or bamboo.They can also be made of plastic ,animal bone or metal.Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic.Truly elegant chopsticks might_2_makeof gold and silver with Chinese characters.Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal _3_createspecial designs. The
22、 Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years.People probably cooked their food in large pots, _4_usetwigs树枝 to remove it.Over time ,_5_the population grew,people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which_6
23、_gradualturned into chopsticks. Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius , _7_lived from roughly 551 to 479 B C. , influenced the_8_developof chopsticks.Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and _9_betoo violent for use at the table. Chopsticks are not used ever
24、ywhere in Asia.In India,for example,most people traditionally eat _10_their hands. D 2022 四川高考 The giant panda_1_love by people throughout the world.Chinese scientists _2_recent had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby.She was a very _3_caremother.For 25 days,she never left her
25、baby,not even to find something _4_eat！She would not let any other pandas come near.She licked the baby constantly to keep it clean.Any smell might attract natural _5_enemythat would try to eat the little panda.The mother ,she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats.The mother co
26、ntinued held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does._6_it cried to care for the young panda _7_more than two years.By that time,the panda no longer needed _8_itmother for food.However,it stayed with her and learned about the ways of the forest.Then,after two and a half years,the mother
27、 _9_drivethe young panda away.It was time for her to have a new baby _10_it was also time for the young panda to be independent. A 2022 全国 Yangshuo,China细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 5 页,共 43 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -It was raining lightly when I
28、 _1 _ arrive in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didnt care.A few hours _ d been at home in Hong Kong,with _3_ it choking smog.Here,the air was clean and fresh,even with the rain. I d skipped nearby Guilin,a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River
29、_4_ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _5_ paintingInstead, I d heade d straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin ,it s only an hour away _ 6_ car and offers all the scenery of the betterknown city. Yangshuo _7_ be really beautiful.A study of travelers _8_ conduct by the website Trip
30、Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia.Abercrombie & Kent,a travel company in Hong Kong,says it _9_ regular arranges quick getaways here for people _10_ live in Shanghai and Hong Kong. B2022
31、 全国 The adobe dwellings土坯房 _1_build by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even _2_ most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty,what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their _3_able to “ air condition” a house without _4_useelectric equipmen
32、t.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat _5_slowduring cool nights,thus warming the house.When a new day breaks,the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough _6_ cool the house during the hot day：_7_ the same time,they warm up again for the
33、night.This cycle _8_ go day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset抵消 for the outside temperatures.As_9_nature architects,the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly_10_thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most
34、days. C2022 广东高考 Mr.Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children.He owned _1_ farm, which looked almost abandoned._2_ lucky, he also had a cow which produced milk every day.He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby _3_ other food and made cheese and butter for the family wit
35、h what _4_ leaveThe cow was their only means of support, in fact.One day, the cow was eating grass _5_ it began to rain heavily.While making great efforts to run away, she _6_ fall over the hill and died.Then the Johnsons had to make a living _7_ the cow.In order to support his family, Mr.Johnson be
36、gan to plant herbs and vegetables.Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees _8_ sell the wood.Thinking about his 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 6 页,共 43 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -childrens clothes, he started growing cott
37、on too.When harv est came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market _9_ people from the towns met regularly.Now it occurred to _10_ that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck. D2022 新课标全国 Are you facing a situation that looks impo
38、ssible to fix. In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland,Ohio.It _1_ be unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.The river was so polluted that it _2_actual caught fire and burned.Now,years later,this river is one of _3_ most outstanding examples of environmenta
39、l cleanup. But the river wasnt changed in a few days _ 4_ even a few months.It took years of work _5_ reduce the industrial pollution and clean the water.Finally,that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is _6_clean than ever. Maybe you are facing an impossible situation.Maybe you have
40、a habit _7_ is driving your family crazy.Possibly you drink too much or dont kcontrol your credit card use.When you face such an impossible situation,dont you want a quick fix and something to change immediately.While there are _8_ amaze stories of instant transformation,for most of us the _9_change
41、 are gradual and require a lot of effort and work,like cleaning up a polluted river.Just be _10_patienceE 2022 新课标全国 One morning,I was waiting at the bus stop,worried about _1_ be late for school.There were many people waiting at the bus stop,_2_ some of them looked very anxious and _3_disappointWhe
42、n the bus finally came ,we all hurried on board.I got a place next _4_ the window,so I had a good view of the sidewalk.A boy on a bike _5_ catch my attention.He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver,but he refused _6_stop until we reached
43、the next stop.Still,the boy kept _7_rideHe was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting.Finally,when we came to the next stop,the boy ran up to the door of the bus.I heard an excited conversation.Then the driver stood up and asked,“ _8_ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？” A woman on t
44、he bus shouted,“Oh dear！It s _9_ I ” She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully.Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done ,and the crowd of strangers _10_sudden became friendly to one another. F细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 7 页,共 43 页 - - -
45、- - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2022 辽宁高考 Jonny：Hey！I m just practicing Tai Chi 太极Would you like to join me. Peter：I know nothing about it.Is it difficult. Jonny： It seems easy,but you need a lot of practice.You just follow me like this. Peter：OK.Dont laugh _1_ me.I may look funny.