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1、2022届高考英语考前30天终极冲刺 高频易错语法知识查漏补缺名词的数1.常考的不可数名词:advice(建议), progress(进步), fun(乐趣;趣事), luck(幸运), information(信息), news(新闻), weather(天气), work(工作),homework(家庭作业), housework(家务活), paperwork(文书工作), furniture(家具), equipment(设备), health(健康), music(音乐), luggage/baggage(行礼), harm(伤害) ,rubbish(垃圾)等.2. 名词只用复数形式
2、的情况:good manners(有礼貌); take/by turns(轮流); in high/low spirits(情绪高涨/低落); in tears(流泪); send greetings/regards to sb(向.传达问候);with thanks(感谢);a pair of trousers(裤子);a pair of glasses(眼镜);a pair of scissor(剪刀)3. many/quite a few/every few/several/most/a couple of/one of+限定词可数名词复数。注意;many a+可数名词单词 许多.如ma
3、ny a student4. 在下列固定词组中名词无复数形式:in ones opinion(某人认为); to ones surprise(令某人出乎意料); show/express appreciation to sb(向某人表达感激); have/take/show (an) interest in sth.(对.感兴趣) ; have difficulty/trouble doing/with sth. .(做某事有困难)介词的冗余、残缺与误用及物动词后直接加宾语,不需要加介词,受母语干扰误加介词的有:1. “进人某地”enter sp 易误用为enter into sp2. “为某
4、人服务”serve for sb. 易误用为serve for sb.3. “答应某人,向某人承诺”promise sb. 易误用为promise to sb.4. “借给某人某物”lend sb. sth. 易误用为lend te sb. sth.5. “和某人结婚”marry sb.或be/get married to sb.易误用为marry with/to sb.6. “与某人联系”contact sb.易误用为contact with sb.7.“缺乏自信”lack confidence(lack为动词), a lack of confidence(lack为名词); be lack
5、ing in confidence (lacking为形容词词) 易误用为lack of confidence7. “讨论问题”discuss the problem 易误用为discuss about the problem8. “到达某地”reach someplace易误用为reach to someplace9. “接近某物,靠近某物”approach sth.易误用为approach to sth.10. 基础短语中常见的介词误用:help sb with sth., share sb with sth., spend time/money in doing sth./on sth.
6、受母语干扰,不及物动词后漏加介词的有:1. “敲门”是 knock at/on the door2. “回答问题”是 reply to the question=answer the question3. “同意你的观点”是 agree with you4. “听音乐”是 listen to music5.“到达某地”是arrive at/in sp,但 arrive home/there/here中不加介词5. “担心某人某事”是 worry about sb./sth.,而worry sb.表示“使某人担心”6. “抱怨某事”是 complain of/about sth.7. “梦想做某
7、事”是 dream of/about doing sth.其他易考情况:1. 当表示时间的名词 morning,week,Sunday等被 this, that, last, next, some, every等词限定时,其前不加介词。2. aware“意识到”为形容词,其用法是 be aware of, be aware that. . . 等。3. fond“喜爱”为形容词,其用法是be fond of.4. be+afraid/disappointed+介词that从句(应删掉介词)5. return不与back连用,但与to连用, 如return to school, return h
8、ome常考介词的词义:1. across 横过,从一边到另一边2. beyond(时间)在之后;(位置上)在的另一边:beyond the village 在村子的另一边;超出be beyond sb. 超出某人的理解能力,beyond ones imagination 超乎想象3. off离,距;脱离;远离:an island off the coast 海岸附近的岛;Paint began to fall off the wall. 油漆开始从墙上脱落。4. against 逆;反对;违反against the law 违反法律 倚;紧靠:against the wall 紧靠着墙 衬托;
9、以为背景 防:protect against 防止5. for就而言;为了;表示一段时间;表示距离:for+时间段(for five decades 五十年);for+距离(for miles 几英里)6.over 渡过;穿越;多于;在期间连词熟记下列连词的意思:1. as long as=so long as 只要2. so far as=as far as 就而言3. if only.要是就好了4. only if.只要.5. now(that), since, as, for, in that,because 因为6. given that 鉴于,考虑到7. supposing/assu
10、ming(that)假定,假设区分连词和介词:1. 随着:with(介),as(连)with time going by; as time goes by2.在期间:during(介),while(连)3.虽然,尽管:despite/in spite of(介),although/though/while/as(连)4.因为:for(介、连),because/as/since(连)形容词比较等级1. 原级无比较意义,同级比较:as+原级as.,not as/so原级as. . . ;有too, very, quite, enough 修饰。2. cant be too+adj. 再也不为过,越
11、越好。3.比较级:标志词than; 注意句意暗含比较;否定句中的比较级表示肯定意义;much, even, far, a little, a bit 等修饰比较级。4.favorite, perfect,superior, right,wrong 等比较级、最高级。5.最高级:三者以上比较:of/in短语表比较范围;one of+the+形容词最高级名词复数。6.形容词最高级前必须用the修饰,副词最高级前可用可不用。极易混淆的词语besides(此外)/beside(在.旁边); late(迟到的;晚地)/later(后来)/latest(最新的)/lately(最近)near(在.旁边)/
12、nearly(几乎;将近); hard(困难的;努力地)/hardly(几乎不)ever(曾经)/never(从不), ; ago(.前,用于一般过去时)/before(.前,用于过去完成时;在.之前),there(那儿)/here(这儿); many(修饰可数名词)/much(修饰不可数名词), so(如此,修饰形容词、副词原级)/such(如此,修饰名词 ), too(也,肯定句句尾)/either(也,用于否定句句尾),wide(宽的;宽地,具体概念)/widely(广泛地, 抽象概念),deep(深的; 深地,具体概念)/deeply(深深地,抽象概念)close(近的;近地, 具体概
13、念)/closely(紧密地、密切地,抽象概念)high(高的;高地,具体概念)/highly(高度地, 抽象概念).心理情绪类形容词心理情绪类形容词ed型表示“感到.的”;ing 型表示“令人. 的”,如inspiring 令人鼓舞的;鼓舞人心的,inspired 感到鼓舞的;受启发的非谓语动词感官动词see,watch, notice,hear 等和使役动词 make, have后的宾补用省略to的不定式结构即do sth 表动作全过程,用doing sth表正在进行,用to do/did/does都不正确, 如I saw the mist rise up./I saw the mist
14、rising up.定语从句1. 介词后指人的关系代词用 whom, 指物用 which.2. 关系代词whose 表所属关系作定语3. 非限定定语从句引导词不能用that,其它规则不变;非限定定语从句which可指代前面整句话部分否定无论not位置在哪儿,与both, all, every等词同时出现都表示部分否定,例如Not all that glitters is gold.= All that glitters is not gold. 并非所有发光的都是金子。谓语动词1. 现在完成时的时间标志词:since+时间点;for+时间段;recently/lately (最近);in re
15、cent months/years/ so far/up to now(到目前为止); in/over/during the last/past(在过去的里); 现在完成时主动形式have/has done ,被动语态为 have/has been done 2. 情态动词后加动词原形,构成“情态动词do”结构;其被动式为“情态动词be done”.3. 现在完成时、过去完成时、一般将来时的主动和被动语态:have/has done(主动)have/has been done(被动);had done(主动)had been done(被动);will do(主动)will be done(被动)数词1. 基数词表数量,two thousand people/students 两千人/学生;thousands of people/students 数以千计的人/学生2. 序数词表顺序,the second floor 第二层,the sixteenth birthday 16岁生日,the twelfth anniversary 12周年纪念日网(北京)股份有限公司