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1、Passage 1The market is a concept. If you are growing tomatoes in your backyard for sale you are producing for the market. You might sell some to your neighbour and some to the manager of the local supermarket. But in either case, you are producing for the market. Your efforts are being directed by t
2、he market. If people stop buying tomatoes, you will stop producing them.If you take care of a sick person to earn money, you are producing for the market. If your father is a steelworker or a taxi driver or a doctor or a grocer(杂货商), he is producing goods or service for the market.When you spend you
3、r income, you are buying things from the market. Yon may spend money in stores, supermarkets and gas stations. Still you are buying from the market. When the local grocer hires you to drive the delivery truck, he is buying your labor in the labour market.The market may seem to be something abstract(
4、抽象的). But for each person or businessman who is making and selling something, it is real. If nobody buys your tomatoes, it wont be long before you get the message. The market is telling you something. Its telling you that you are using energies and resources in doing something the market doesnt want
5、 you to do.1. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Selling and BuyingB. What Is the Market?C. Everything Yon Do is Producing for the Market D. What Can the Market Do for You?2. All of the following acts are producing for the market EXCEPT_.A. working in a bankB. printing
6、 a bookC. attending a night schoolD. growing beans for sale3. You are buying from the market when you_.A. borrow a book from a libraryB. look after your childrenC. drive to the seaside for a holidayD. treat a friend to dinner at a restaurant4. In what way is the market very real for each person or b
7、usinessman who is making and selling something?A. It tells you what to produce. B. It directs you how to grow tomatoes.C. It provides you with everything you need.D. It helps you save money.【答案解析】本文例析了市场理念买和卖不是抽象而是具体的。1. B。主旨题。根据 The market is a concept 及后面通过买和卖的具体事例来诠释市场这个概念，由此可知B为正确答案。2. C。细节题。根据W
8、hen you spend your income, you are buying things from the market，选项C(上夜校读书)是花钱，故是 buying things from the market，而不是 producing for the market，由此可知 C 为答案。3. D。细节题。 根据 When you spend your income, you are buying things from the market，答案 D(在餐厅款待朋友吃饭)当然是花钱，故选 D。4. A。推断题。根据最后一段 But for each person or busi
9、nessman who is making and selling something, it is real Its telling you that you are using energies and resources in doing something the market doesnt want you to do 得知通过市场需求告诉市场生产者去生产什么，故 A 为正确选项。Passage 2The tough economy is bringing new shoppers to the secondhand market. Platos Closet in Chaelott
10、e, NC is a private company, which mainly buys and sells used clothes. While Charlotte has outstanding secondhand stores offering high-end and graceful brands for women, most of their stock applies to adults. Platos closet targets teens and those in their 20s. Platos Closet , with stores in Matthews
11、and the university area, sells clothes and accessories(装饰品) that are currently popular at about one third the retail prices(零售价).The two hottest brands, for buying and selling, are Hollister and Abercrombie &Fitch. Even though the offerings tend to be suitable for young people, there are a variety o
12、f shoppers at Platos Closet of varying ages. Women in their 30s, 40s, and older could easily find a purse, jacket or piece of jewelry they like. If you are sellingUnlike higher-end resale stores which usually work on consignment(寄售),Platos Closet buys on the spot.Items can be gently used, but must b
13、e in very good condition.Clothes should be less than two years old and styles should be the same as those still being sold at the shopping center.There is no negotiation; prices are set company-wide. If what you sell amounts to $30 or less, theyll give you cash. More than that, youll get a Visa cash
14、 card.Secondhand successDont get discouraged if you cant find something on your first trip. Resale shops are always getting new lists of goods and change their styles with each season. Be sure to check each piece carefully before buying.Price comparisonJackets: New York & Company black blazer, $12;
15、retail: $37Pants: Express Editor-style pants, $12; retail: $69.90.Shoes: Nine West black peep-toe pumps, $12; retail: $89.Jewelry: Necklaces, $3-$5; retail: $18-$30.1. What is the difference between Platos Closet and other resale shops?A. They offer service for people of different ages.B. The offeri
16、ngs in Platos Closet are more expensive.C. Platos Closet only offers high-end brands for women.D. Platos Closet also sells books to customers.2. Which of the following about Platos Closet is NOT true?A. Hollister and Abercrombie &Fitch are the two hottest brands in Platos Closet.B. Women in their fi
17、fties cant find proper clothes and accessories in Platos Closet.C. Goods in Platos Closet are sold at 67 percent off retail prices or so.D. Platos Closet targets teens and those in their 20s.3. In Platos Closet, which of the following is not accepted?A. Items you sell must be in very good condition.
18、B. You can negotiate with buyers about prices of goods.C. The clothes you sell should be less than two years old.D. You can sell your goods on the spot instead of on consignment.4. If you buy a pair of Express Editor-style pants in Platos Closet, you can save _.A. 57.9 dollars B. 15 dollars C. 77 do
19、llars D. 25 dollars.B)篇ABBA Passage 3When gas station manager Roger Randolph realized it was costing him money each time someone filled up with $4-a-gallon gas，he hung a sign oil his pumps “No more credit cards”He may be the first in West Virginia to ban plastic, but gas station operators nationwide
20、 are reporting similar troubles as higher prices translate into higher credit card fees the managers must pay，squeezing profits at the pump“The more they buy，the more we lose，”said Randolph，who manages Mr. Eds Chevron in StAlbans“Gas prices go up, and our profits go down”His complaints aim at the so
21、-called interchange feea percentage of the sale price paid to credit card companies on every transactionThe percentage is fixed usually at just under 2 percentbut the dollar amount of the fee rises with the price of the goods or servicesAs gas tops$4 a gallon, that pushes fees toward 10 cents a gall
22、onNow stations, which generally increase gasoline by 11 to 12 cents a gallon, are seeing profits shrink In a month, Randolphs small operation would yield a$60 profit on gasoline sales. But thats been buried as soaring prices forced the station to pay about$500 a month in interchange fees“At these pr
23、icespeople arent making any money，”said Jeff Lenard, spokesman for the Alexandra, Va.-based National Association of Convenience Stores“Its brutal” Lenards group reports convenience stores paid roughly$76 billion in credit card fees last year，while making$34 billion in profits The credit card compani
24、es say fees are just part of the cost of doing businessMasterCard has capped interchange fees for gas purchases of $50 or more，said company spokeswoman Sharon Gamsin. Accepting MasterCard also gives gas stations “increased sales, greater security and convenience，lower labor costs，and speed for their
25、 customers at the pump”, Gainsin said in an e-mail to the Associated PressVisa argues that the fees are offset “by the tangible benefits to stations and their customerssuch as the ability to pay at the pump”，the company said in a statement to the AP credit card fee信用卡费用 soaring adj飙升的 tangible adj实在
26、的，确实的transaction n交易 the Associated Press美联社( ) 1. Why do some gas station owners no longer accept credit cards? ABecause they must pay high credit card fees BBecause they suffer from credit fraud CBecause they prefer getting cashDBecause the percentage of the sale price has increased( ) 2What is th
27、e average interchange fee paid by gas station owners? AAbout$4 BAbout 2 C11t012 centsDAbout$500( ) 3How much profit does the average gas station owner make on a gallon of gas? AAbout$4 BAbout 2 C11 to 12 centsDAbout$500( ) 4Visa believes that allowing customers to pay with a credit card offers _ to
28、everyone involvedAincreased sales B. lower labor costs C. greater security D. tangible benefits ( ) 5The underlined word “shrink” means_.Adecrease B. become smaller C. increase D. stay steady 1- 5ABCDAPassage 4In 1939 two brothers,Mac and Dick McDonald,started a drive-in restaurant in San Bernadino,
29、California.They carefully chose a busy corner for their location.They had run their own businesses for years,first a theater,then a barbecue（烤肉）restaurant,then another drive-in.But in their new operation,they offered a new,shortened menu:French fries,hamburgers,and sodas.To this small selection they
30、 added one new idea:quick service,no waiters or waitresses,and no tips.Their hamburgers sold for fifteen cents.Cheese was another four cents.Their French fries and hamburgers had a remarkable uniformity（一致性）,for the brothers had developed a strict routine （程序）for the preparation of their food,and th
31、ey insisted on their cooks sticking to their routine .Their new drive-in became surprisingly popular,particularly for lunch.People drove up by the hundreds during the busy noontime.The self-service restaurant was so popular that the brothers had allowed ten copies of their restaurant to be opened.Th
32、ey were content with this modest success until they met Ray Kroc.Kroc was a salesman who met the McDonald brothers in 1954,when he was selling milkshake-mixing machines.He quickly saw the special attraction of the brothers fast-food restaurants and bought the right to franchise（特许经营）other copies of
33、their restaurants.The agreement struck included the right to duplicate（复制）the menu,the equipment,even their red and white buildings with the golden arches（拱门）.Today McDonalds is really a household name.In 1976,McDonalds had over $ l billion in total sales.Its first twenty-two years in one of the mos
34、t surprising success stories in modern American business history.1This passage mainly talks about .Athe development of fast food servicesBhow McDonalds became a billion-dollar businessCthe business careers of Mac and Dick McDonaldDRay Krocs business talent2Mac and Dick managed all of the following b
35、usinesses except .Aa drive-in Ba theater Ca cinema Da barbecue restaurant3We may infer from this passage that .AMac and Dick McDonald never became wealthy for they sold their idea to Kroc.Bthe place the McDonalds chose was the only source of the great popularity of their drive-inCforty years ago the
36、re were lots of fast-food restaurantsDRay Kroc was a good businessman4The passage suggests that .Acreativity is an important element of business successBRay Kroc was the close partner of the McDonald brothersCMac and Dick McDonald became broken after they sold their ideas to Ray KrocDCalifornia is t
37、he best place to go into business1-4 BCDA Passage 5Attention Tim Hortons Stainless Steel Travel Mug Owners Lid Recall-15 oz Stainless Steel Travel Mug A fault at the cup has been recognized. The fault may result in some lids lifting slightly from the body of the mug, and could probably cause injury
38、from hot liquid leaking. Therefore, we have given an immediate lid recall notice. This Recall notice is related only to Tim Hortons 15 oz Stainless Steel Travel Mugs sold between October 2002 and January 2003. The bottom of the mug is stamped with distributors (经销商) name, ThermoServ. There is no pri
39、nting on the handle of the mug. At Tim Hortons, we value our customers safety above anything else. So, whether your lid is leaking or not, in the interest of your safety, we are requesting that you bring your mug to your nearest Tim Hortons (excluding Esso Tim Hortons), where they will exchange the
40、lid for a new lid that fits safety. The new lids will be available February 1, 2003; please do not use your mug until you exchange the lid. Heres what you do: * Please do not use your mug until you have exchanged the lid for a new one. * New lids will be available February 1, 2003. * Return your tra
41、vel mug to a Tim Hortons store (as of February 1, 2003). * Your lid will he exchanged for a new lid. If you prefer to return the entire mug, bring it back at any time for a full repayment. If you have any questions regarding this recall, please contact us at: Toll Free Number: 1-888-601-1616 8:30 am
42、 - 5:00 pm Eastern Standard Time Tim Hortons 1. This advertisement is trying to _. A. introduce a new type of mugs B. persuade people to buy a new lid C. inform people of exchanging a lid D. warn against the danger of using the mug 2. The advertisement is mainly aimed at those who _. A. often travel
43、 around B. have 15 oz Stainless mugs C. want to buy 15 oz stainless mugs D. are selling the mugs 3. According to the advertisement, which of the following statements is NOT true? A. People should stop using the mug immediately.B. People can get the money back if they return the mug. C. People with q
44、uestions can call the company free of charge. D. People can return the lid between October 2002 and January 2003. 4. - From the passage we can learn that Tim Hortons _. A. is a club for travelers B. wants to make more money C. cares about the customers safety D. is an organization helping customers
45、1.C 2.B 3.D 4.CPassage 6Some years ago industries had more freedom than they have now，and they did not need to be as careful as they must today. They did not need to worry a lot about the safety of the new products that they developed. They did not have to pay much attention to the health and safety
46、 of the people who worked for them. Often new products were dangerous for the people who used them；often conditions in the work place had very bad effects on the health of the workers. Of course sometimes there were real disasters(灾难) which attracted the attention of governments and which showed the
47、 need for changesAlso scientists who were doing research into the health of workers sometimes produced information which governments could not ignoreAt such times， there were inquiries into the causes of the disasters or the problems. New safety rules were often introduced as a result of these inquiries；however, the new rules came too late to protect the people who died or who became seriously ill. Today many governments have special departments which protect customers and workers. In the U. S., for example, there is a department which new airplanes and gives warnings ab